痕量灌溉下不同水肥处理对温室黄瓜生长的影响
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摘要
为保证温室蔬菜品质和产量,进一步提高节水灌溉效率,以黄瓜品种"中农26"为试材,研究了痕量灌溉下不同水肥处理对黄瓜产量和品质的影响。结果表明,1痕量灌溉条件下施肥量和施肥频率对黄瓜的生长、产量和品质均有不同的影响,施肥量的提高对黄瓜干物质累积量的影响较小,但1次追肥处理较有利于黄瓜干物质累积量的增加;2施肥量对黄瓜产量的影响较大,当施肥量从施肥水平的60%提高到80%时产量平均提高了20.65%,且1次追肥处理产量最高;黄瓜品质受施肥量的影响不大,但1次追肥处理较有利于果实中还原型VC和可溶性糖的累积。按1次追肥,施肥量为当地施肥水平80%能兼顾产量和品质,是比较适宜的施肥模式,并且施肥方式简单,易于操作,可以推广应用。
In order to ensure quality and production of greenhouse vegetables and improve the efficiency of water saving irrigation at the same time, cucumber "Zhongnong No.26" was used as test material to study the effects of different trace irrigation, fertilization process integration modes on cucumber growth, yield and quality. The results showed that the fertilizer rate and fertilization frequency were able to affect the cucumber growth, yield and quality separately, the effect of the increase of fertilizer on the quantity of cucumber dry matter accumulation was not significant, and low fertilizer rate treatment was beneficial to increase the amount of cucumber dry matter accumulation. When the fertilizer rate increased from 60% of the local fertilizer levels to 80%, the processing production increased by 20.65% on average, and the low frequency treatments had the highest yield. In addition,low fertilizer treatment was advantageous to the reduced form VC and soluble sugar accumulation in fruit. The low frequency fertilization can handle both yield and water use efficiency and quality, and is more suitable to fertilization mode. Besides, the fertilization way, which is more simple and easier to operate, can be applied widely.
In order to ensure quality and production of greenhouse vegetables and improve the efficiency of water saving irrigation at the same time, cucumber "Zhongnong No.26" was used as test material to study the effects of different trace irrigation, fertilization process integration modes on cucumber growth, yield and quality. The results showed that the fertilizer rate and fertilization frequency were able to affect the cucumber growth, yield and quality separately, the effect of the increase of fertilizer on the quantity of cucumber dry matter accumulation was not significant, and low fertilizer rate treatment was beneficial to increase the amount of cucumber dry matter accumulation. When the fertilizer rate increased from 60% of the local fertilizer levels to 80%, the processing production increased by 20.65% on average, and the low frequency treatments had the highest yield. In addition,low fertilizer treatment was advantageous to the reduced form VC and soluble sugar accumulation in fruit. The low frequency fertilization can handle both yield and water use efficiency and quality, and is more suitable to fertilization mode. Besides, the fertilization way, which is more simple and easier to operate, can be applied widely.
引文
[1]于舜章.山东省设施黄瓜水肥一体化滴灌技术应用研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2009,20(16):173-176.
[2]王兵,杨红莉,刘雁彬,等.日光温室黄瓜水肥一体化技术应用[J].新疆农业科技,2010(5):22-23.
[3]杜社妮,白岗栓,梁银丽.灌溉方式对黄瓜生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2010,36(4):433-439.
[4]方栋平.灌水量和滴灌施肥方式对温室黄瓜产量和品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1 735-1 742.
[5]孔祥悦,李红玲,侯鹏,等.灌水量对温室自根与嫁接黄瓜产量品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013(15):114-117.
[6]张晓英,梁新书,张振贤,等.亏缺灌溉下异根嫁接提高黄瓜产量和水分利用效率[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(2):117-124.
[7]孟庆龙,张玉龙,虞娜,等.节点式渗灌温室黄瓜适宜灌水控制下限的研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2010,29(3):77-79.
[8]周继华,王志平,刘宝文.痕量灌溉对温室生菜生长和产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].北方园艺,2013(13):51-53.
[9]刘学军,周立华,张建忠,等.葡萄痕量灌溉技术试验研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(6):43-46.
[10]安顺伟,周继华,刘宝文,等.痕量灌溉管不同埋深对番茄生长、产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].作物杂志,2013(3):86-89.
[2]王兵,杨红莉,刘雁彬,等.日光温室黄瓜水肥一体化技术应用[J].新疆农业科技,2010(5):22-23.
[3]杜社妮,白岗栓,梁银丽.灌溉方式对黄瓜生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2010,36(4):433-439.
[4]方栋平.灌水量和滴灌施肥方式对温室黄瓜产量和品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1 735-1 742.
[5]孔祥悦,李红玲,侯鹏,等.灌水量对温室自根与嫁接黄瓜产量品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013(15):114-117.
[6]张晓英,梁新书,张振贤,等.亏缺灌溉下异根嫁接提高黄瓜产量和水分利用效率[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(2):117-124.
[7]孟庆龙,张玉龙,虞娜,等.节点式渗灌温室黄瓜适宜灌水控制下限的研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2010,29(3):77-79.
[8]周继华,王志平,刘宝文.痕量灌溉对温室生菜生长和产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].北方园艺,2013(13):51-53.
[9]刘学军,周立华,张建忠,等.葡萄痕量灌溉技术试验研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(6):43-46.
[10]安顺伟,周继华,刘宝文,等.痕量灌溉管不同埋深对番茄生长、产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].作物杂志,2013(3):86-89.