滁州市2011—2016年鼠密度监测
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摘要
目的了解滁州市鼠类密度、种群构成及其季节消长趋势,为制定鼠类防控方案提供科学依据。方法 2011—2016年,选取滁州市居民区、餐饮业和农村3种类型的监测点各1个,采用夹夜法,全年每月监测1次,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果 2011—2016年滁州市共布放有效夹41 383只,捕获鼠类404只,平均鼠密度为0.98%,以2012年鼠密度最高(1.08%),2015年最低(0.86%);小家鼠为优势鼠种,占捕获总数的56.93%;不同生境鼠密度依次为农村自然村(2.58%)>城镇居民区(0.19%)>餐饮业(0.15%);6年的月平均鼠密度最高峰在8月(1.63%),次高峰在3月(1.37%)。结论 2011—2016年滁州市鼠密度整体呈下降趋势,当前鼠类防治工作的重点仍是农村,不同生境的鼠种构成和季节消长趋势不同,开展灭鼠活动时应要根据监测结果采取不同的灭鼠措施,从而达到控制鼠传疾病的目的。
Objective To master the condition of rodent population distribution and seasonal fluctuation and rodent density in different habitats,and provide a basis for developing rodent control strategies.Methods Three types of monitoring points were chosen,one in residential community,one in food services,and one in natural village.The night trapping method was adopted to monitor the rodent densities.Results Totally 41 383 effective traps were placed,and 404 rodents were captured in Chuzhou City from 2011 to 2016,and the average rodent density was 0.98%.The highest density(1.08%) was observed in 2012 and the lowest(0.86%) in 2015.The dominant species was Mus musculus,accounting for 56.93%.The highest rodent density took place in the natural village(2.58%),followed by the residential community(0.19%) and food services(0.15%).The monthly seasonal fluctuations of the average rodent density of the six years showed the first peak in August(1.63%) and the second peak in March(1.37%).Conclusion The density of rodents deceased from 2011 to 2016.Rodent control should focus on the rural areas.Comprehensive prevention measures should be taken to reduce the rodent density.
Objective To master the condition of rodent population distribution and seasonal fluctuation and rodent density in different habitats,and provide a basis for developing rodent control strategies.Methods Three types of monitoring points were chosen,one in residential community,one in food services,and one in natural village.The night trapping method was adopted to monitor the rodent densities.Results Totally 41 383 effective traps were placed,and 404 rodents were captured in Chuzhou City from 2011 to 2016,and the average rodent density was 0.98%.The highest density(1.08%) was observed in 2012 and the lowest(0.86%) in 2015.The dominant species was Mus musculus,accounting for 56.93%.The highest rodent density took place in the natural village(2.58%),followed by the residential community(0.19%) and food services(0.15%).The monthly seasonal fluctuations of the average rodent density of the six years showed the first peak in August(1.63%) and the second peak in March(1.37%).Conclusion The density of rodents deceased from 2011 to 2016.Rodent control should focus on the rural areas.Comprehensive prevention measures should be taken to reduce the rodent density.
引文
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[6] 马桢红.苏州市家栖鼠群落演替及其原因[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2003,14(5):341-342.
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[8] 朱心红,吴因平,陈明,等.义乌市2011-2014年鼠密度监测结果分析[J].上海预防医学,2017,29(2):147-148.
[9] 吴海燕,鲁亮,孟凤霞,等.2006-2015年我国鼠类监测报告[J].中国媒介生物及控制杂志,2017,28(6):517-522.
[2] 侯银旭,黄发源,杨广岚,等.安徽省部分城市鼠类种群特征及种群结构初探[J].中国媒介生物及控制杂志,2014,25(4):364-366.
[3] 中华人民共和国卫生和计划生育委员会.全国病媒生物监测方案[S].2016.
[4] 邹钦,徐立凡,陈绍文,等.农村病媒生物控制工作模式的初步探讨[J].中国媒介生物及控制杂志,2013,24(1):86-87.
[5] 赵奇,高丽君,唐振强,等.河南省鼠密度监测及季节消长[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2015,21(4):390-392.
[6] 马桢红.苏州市家栖鼠群落演替及其原因[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2003,14(5):341-342.
[7] 郭颂.中国部分区域黄胸鼠种群遗传学研究[D].北京:中国疾病预防控制中心,2012.
[8] 朱心红,吴因平,陈明,等.义乌市2011-2014年鼠密度监测结果分析[J].上海预防医学,2017,29(2):147-148.
[9] 吴海燕,鲁亮,孟凤霞,等.2006-2015年我国鼠类监测报告[J].中国媒介生物及控制杂志,2017,28(6):517-522.