基于地质统计学的采空区储量估算
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摘要
采空区是固体矿产开采过程中已被开挖的所留下的采场、硐室等,采空区的储量编录是矿山储量动态管理的基本要求,准确的储量计算结果可有效指导矿山后续的生产工作,提高经济效益,但目前国内各矿山大多采用简单的几何计算方法求取采空区储量,无法准确、客观地评估矿山的资源储量情况,为了精确估算采空区储量,以新疆某矿区为例,首先分析了适合建立采空区的三维模型方法,以及固体矿产储量估算中采空区建模的2种方式:剖面法和中段法;建立模型后,将基于地质统计学建立的矿体三维模型和采空区模型进行布尔求交,根据切割后模型,体积加权计算采空区储量;最后通过实例对比采空区和剖面法三维矿体模型求交结果的储量信息,验证了基于地质统计学计算储量结果更为接近实际勘探储量,这对于矿山的数字化动态管理,矿山开采具有指导意义。
The goaf is the stope,chamber,etc,left by the excavation in the process of solid mineral exploitation.The cataloging of the goaf reserves is the basic requirement for dynamic management of the mine reserves. The accurate calculation results of the reserves can effectively guide the subsequent production of the mines and improve economic efficiency. But at present, most of the mines in China adopt simple geometric calculation method to calculate the reserves of goaf, which can not evaluate the resources and reserves of mines accurately and objectively.In order to estimate the goaf reserves accurately,taking a mining area in Xinjiang as an example. Firstly,the author analyzes the three-dimensional model method for establishment of the goaf, and two ways of the section and middle section method to model the goaf in the estimation of solid mineral reserves. Secondly,the three-dimensional model of orebody and goaf model based on Geostatistics are intersected by Boolean method, and the reserves of goaf are calculated by volume weighting according to the cut-off model.Finally, by comparing the reserve information of the intersection results between the goaf and the section method,it is verified that the calculated reserve based on Geostatistics is closer to the actual exploration reserves,which is of great significance to the digitized dynamic management of mines and the guidance of mining.
The goaf is the stope,chamber,etc,left by the excavation in the process of solid mineral exploitation.The cataloging of the goaf reserves is the basic requirement for dynamic management of the mine reserves. The accurate calculation results of the reserves can effectively guide the subsequent production of the mines and improve economic efficiency. But at present, most of the mines in China adopt simple geometric calculation method to calculate the reserves of goaf, which can not evaluate the resources and reserves of mines accurately and objectively.In order to estimate the goaf reserves accurately,taking a mining area in Xinjiang as an example. Firstly,the author analyzes the three-dimensional model method for establishment of the goaf, and two ways of the section and middle section method to model the goaf in the estimation of solid mineral reserves. Secondly,the three-dimensional model of orebody and goaf model based on Geostatistics are intersected by Boolean method, and the reserves of goaf are calculated by volume weighting according to the cut-off model.Finally, by comparing the reserve information of the intersection results between the goaf and the section method,it is verified that the calculated reserve based on Geostatistics is closer to the actual exploration reserves,which is of great significance to the digitized dynamic management of mines and the guidance of mining.
引文
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[15] 苏昆,周钟生,易飞.基于地质统计学方法的某金矿采空区储量计算[J].现代矿业,2016,32(11):144-146.SU Kun,ZHOU Zhong-sheng,YI Fei.Calculation of reserves in a gold mine based on geostatistics method[J].Modern Mining,2016,32(11):144-146.
[16] 刘海英,刘修国,李超岭.基于地质统计学法的三维储量估算系统研究与应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2009,39(3):541-546.LIU Hai-ying,LIU Xiu-guo,LI Chao-ling.Research and application of three-dimensional reserves estimation system based on Geostatistics[J].Journal of Jilin University(Geoscience Edition),2009,39(3):541-546.
[17] 田玉川.基于3DMine软件下地质统计学在矿山储量计算中的应用[J].中国矿业,2018,27(S1):353-357.TIAN Yu-chuan.Application of geostatistics in mine reserves calculation based on 3DMine software[J].China Mining,2018,27(S1):353-357.
[18] 李华,宁化展,丁希旺.基于Delaunay三角网矿体和采空区储量计算算法与实现[J].全球定位系统,2012,37(3):82-85.LI Hua,NING Hua-zhan,DING Xi-wang.Algorithm for calculating reserves of ore bodies and mined areas based on Delaunay triangulation and implementation of[J].Global Positioning System,2012,37(3):82-85.
[19] 许磊,刘永团.地质统计学在矿山储量估算中的应用——以内蒙古大苏计钼矿为例[J].资源与产业,2017,19(5):65-70.XU Lei,LIU Yong-tuan.Application of geostatistics in estimation of mine reserves:taking Inner Mongolia Da Su Ji molybdenum mine as an example[J].Resources and Industry,2017,19(5):65-70.
[2] 孙玉建.非参数地质统计学进展[J].地质与勘探,2007,43(4):79-82.SUN Yu-jian.Advances in nonparametric geostatistics[J].Geology and Exploration,2007,43(4):79-82.
[3] 罗周全,王中民,刘晓明,等.基于地质统计学与Surpac的某铅锌矿床储量计算[J].矿业研究与开发,2010,30(2):4-6,69.LUO Zhou-quan,WANG Zhong-min,LIU Xiao-ming,et al.Reserve calculation of a lead-zinc deposit based on geostatistics and Surpac[J].Mining Research and Development,2010,30(2):4-6,69.
[4] 姚改委,张静娜,李增辉,等.矿山采空区调查中地质手段方法应用浅析[J].科技创业,2013,26(3):170-171,174.YAO Gai-wei,ZHANG Jing-na,LI Zeng-hui,et al.Brief analysis of the application of geological means and methods in mine goaf survey[J].Scientific and Technological Entrepreneurship,2013,26(3):170-171,174.
[5] 吴立新,朱旺喜,张瑞新.数字矿山与我国矿山未来发展[J].科技导报,2004(7):29-31,28.WU Li-xin,ZHU Wang-xi,ZHANG Rui-xin.Digital mines and future development of mines in China[J].Science and Technology Report,2004(7):29-31,28.
[6] 刘修国,陈国良,候卫生,等.基于线框架模型的三维复杂地质体建模方法[J].地球科学,2006(5):668-672.LIU Xiu-guo,CHEN Guo-liang,HOU Wei-sheng,et al.Three-dimensional complex geological body modeling method based on line frame model[J].Geosciences,2006(5):668-672.
[7] 査达剑,李乐林,江万寿,等.LiDAR三维重建中基于CSG方法的扩展研究[J].国土资源遥感,2016,28(4):35-42.CHA Da-jian,LI Le-lin,JIANG Wan-shou,et al.Extension of CSG based on LiDAR three-dimensional reconstruction[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2016,28(4):35-42.
[8] 王钰东,余传涛,刘欣玥.煤矿双层采空区高密度电阻率法正演模拟[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(10):212-215.WANG Yu-dong,YU Chuan-tao,LIU Xin-yue.The forward modeling of high density resistivity method in double-layer goaf of coal mine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(10):212-215.
[9] 刘晓明,罗周全,杨承祥,等.基于实测的采空区稳定性数值模拟分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(S1):521-526.LIU Xiao-ming,LUO Zhou-quan,YANG Cheng-xiang,et al.[J].Geotechnical Mechanics,2007,28(S1):521-526.
[10] Yavuz H Yavuz.An estimation method for cover pressure re-establishment distance and pressure distribution in the goaf of longwall coal mines[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004(2):193-205.
[11] Singh A K Singh,Rajendra Singh,Maiti J.Assessment of mining induced stress development over coal pillars during depillaring[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2011,(5):805-818.
[12] J.N.van der Merwe.Fundamental analysis of the interaction between overburden behaviour and snook stability in coalmines[J].Journal of the South African Institute of Mining & Metallurgy,2005(1):63-73.
[13] 龚国清,刘修国,倪平泽.基于iExploration-EM的数字矿产勘查成果编制方法研究[J].金属矿山,2009,23(1):34-38.GONG Guo-qing,LIU Xiu-guo,NI Ping-ze.Research on the compilation method of digital mineral exploration results based on iExploration-EM[J].Metal Mines,2009,23(1):34-38.
[14] 高帮飞.资源量估算的边界分析与矿化体圈定[J].地质与勘探,2018,54(2):415-425.GAO Bang-fei.Boundary analysis of resource estimation and mineralization delineation[J].Geology and Exploration,2018,54(2):415-425.
[15] 苏昆,周钟生,易飞.基于地质统计学方法的某金矿采空区储量计算[J].现代矿业,2016,32(11):144-146.SU Kun,ZHOU Zhong-sheng,YI Fei.Calculation of reserves in a gold mine based on geostatistics method[J].Modern Mining,2016,32(11):144-146.
[16] 刘海英,刘修国,李超岭.基于地质统计学法的三维储量估算系统研究与应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2009,39(3):541-546.LIU Hai-ying,LIU Xiu-guo,LI Chao-ling.Research and application of three-dimensional reserves estimation system based on Geostatistics[J].Journal of Jilin University(Geoscience Edition),2009,39(3):541-546.
[17] 田玉川.基于3DMine软件下地质统计学在矿山储量计算中的应用[J].中国矿业,2018,27(S1):353-357.TIAN Yu-chuan.Application of geostatistics in mine reserves calculation based on 3DMine software[J].China Mining,2018,27(S1):353-357.
[18] 李华,宁化展,丁希旺.基于Delaunay三角网矿体和采空区储量计算算法与实现[J].全球定位系统,2012,37(3):82-85.LI Hua,NING Hua-zhan,DING Xi-wang.Algorithm for calculating reserves of ore bodies and mined areas based on Delaunay triangulation and implementation of[J].Global Positioning System,2012,37(3):82-85.
[19] 许磊,刘永团.地质统计学在矿山储量估算中的应用——以内蒙古大苏计钼矿为例[J].资源与产业,2017,19(5):65-70.XU Lei,LIU Yong-tuan.Application of geostatistics in estimation of mine reserves:taking Inner Mongolia Da Su Ji molybdenum mine as an example[J].Resources and Industry,2017,19(5):65-70.