论黄震的《春秋》学思想
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摘要
黄震是南宋末年一位博学通儒,其为学反对空言心性,主张躬行实践。其主张体现在治《春秋》上,即将《春秋》视作史书,反对《春秋》学上的褒贬凡例之说,力图以史事为根据来注解《春秋》,反对没有根据的臆度和猜测;在《春秋》经传关系上,绝对信经疑传,但又反对时人将"三传"束之高阁,而是有所取舍,并且尤重《左传》;重视训诂之学,反对空言《春秋》大义,尤其注重结合社会现实阐发《春秋》经义,具有鲜明的时代特色。
Huang Zhen was a scholar of profound learning living in the end of the Song Dynasty. In the empty academic atmosphere,Huang Zhen insisted on studying for applying in practice. He took The Spring and Autumn Annals as a historical book,instead of a book of complimentary and critical commentaries. He tried to annotate The Spring and Autumn Annals on historical facts and opposed the unfounded assumptions and speculations. In the relationship of the book of the Annals and the commentaries on it,Huang Zhen absolutely believed the book and doubted the Commentaries. But he was against putting the three commentary books on the shelf and advocated having some choices. He paid special attention to Zuo Zhuan(Zuo's Commentary). Huang Zhen emphasized on exegesis and opposed pedant talks of the principles of the Annals. In particular,he paid attention to reinterpreting the Annals with the social reality. His studies had distinctive characteristics of the times.
Huang Zhen was a scholar of profound learning living in the end of the Song Dynasty. In the empty academic atmosphere,Huang Zhen insisted on studying for applying in practice. He took The Spring and Autumn Annals as a historical book,instead of a book of complimentary and critical commentaries. He tried to annotate The Spring and Autumn Annals on historical facts and opposed the unfounded assumptions and speculations. In the relationship of the book of the Annals and the commentaries on it,Huang Zhen absolutely believed the book and doubted the Commentaries. But he was against putting the three commentary books on the shelf and advocated having some choices. He paid special attention to Zuo Zhuan(Zuo's Commentary). Huang Zhen emphasized on exegesis and opposed pedant talks of the principles of the Annals. In particular,he paid attention to reinterpreting the Annals with the social reality. His studies had distinctive characteristics of the times.
引文
[1]黄宗羲.宋元学案(卷86)·东发学案[M].全祖望,补修.北京:中华书局,2013.
[2]朱彝尊.经义考(卷142)[M].北京:中华书局,1998:1642.
[3]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷7)·读春秋一[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[4]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷33)·读本朝诸儒理学书·程氏经说·春秋[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[5]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷9)·读春秋三[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[6]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷11)·读春秋五[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[7]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷8)·读春秋二[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本:137.
[8]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷12)·读春秋六[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本:293.
[9]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷31)·读春秋左氏传[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[10]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷31)·读春秋公羊传[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[11]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷31)·读春秋谷梁传[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[12]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷10)·读春秋四[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本:211.
(1)关于黄震的籍贯、生卒年月,各种文献记载不同,现代学者乐承耀在《晚宋哲学家黄震籍贯、生卒考》一文中依据新出土的材料《黄震墓志铭》进行考证,考证颇为精确,本文即采用了这一新的研究成果。
[2]朱彝尊.经义考(卷142)[M].北京:中华书局,1998:1642.
[3]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷7)·读春秋一[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[4]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷33)·读本朝诸儒理学书·程氏经说·春秋[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[5]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷9)·读春秋三[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[6]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷11)·读春秋五[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[7]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷8)·读春秋二[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本:137.
[8]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷12)·读春秋六[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本:293.
[9]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷31)·读春秋左氏传[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[10]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷31)·读春秋公羊传[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[11]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷31)·读春秋谷梁传[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本.
[12]黄震.黄氏日抄(卷10)·读春秋四[M].文渊阁《四库全书》本:211.
(1)关于黄震的籍贯、生卒年月,各种文献记载不同,现代学者乐承耀在《晚宋哲学家黄震籍贯、生卒考》一文中依据新出土的材料《黄震墓志铭》进行考证,考证颇为精确,本文即采用了这一新的研究成果。