饲料中添加谷胱甘肽对黄颡鱼幼鱼组织谷胱甘肽含量、免疫及抗氧化性能的影响
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摘要
研究旨在探讨饲料中添加还原型谷胱甘肽(Glutathione,GSH)对黄颡鱼幼鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)组织谷胱甘肽含量、免疫及抗氧化性能的影响。选用初始体重为(1.32±0.01)g的黄颡鱼800尾,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复40尾鱼,分别投喂基础饲料和添加100、300、500和700 mg/kg GSH的试验饲料,饲养56d后采样分析,并采用氯化铵进行96h氨氮应激试验。结果表明:除100 mg/kg组外,饲料中添加GSH显著提高黄颡鱼肝脏、血清GSH含量(P<0.05),当GSH添加量≥300 mg/kg时,肝脏和血清GSH含量均呈现稳定状态。随着饲料中谷胱甘肽水平的增加,血清免疫和肝脏抗氧化指标均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,其中300和500 mg/kg组溶菌酶与碱性磷酸酶活性、300 mg/kg组免疫球蛋白M与补体4含量、500 mg/kg组酸性磷酸酶活性与对照组相比显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组和700 mg/kg组相比,300 mg/kg组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力与血清超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性均显著高升高(P<0.05);且300 mg/kg组血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05)。氨氮应激96h时,与对照组相比,300 mg/kg组肝脏和血清超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性力均显著升高(P<0.05),且300 mg/kg组血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加谷胱甘肽能提高黄颡鱼幼鱼组织谷胱甘肽含量、免疫及抗氧化性能,其中以300—500 mg/kg为宜。
To assess the effects of dietary supplementation with glutathione(GSH) on tissue GSH levels, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), a total of 800 yellow catfish with a mean body weight of(1.32±0.01) g were considered and randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates per each group and40 fish per each replicate as well. During 56 d, the fish were fed by a basal diet and four test diets, which supplemented with 100, 300, 500, and 700 mg/kg of reduced GSH, respectively. The results indicated that, except for 100 mg/kg group, supplementation with GSH significantly increased the GSH content in liver and serum of yellow catfish(P<0.05). When GSH level was 300 mg/kg or higher, GSH content in liver and serum was in a stable state. With the increase of glutathione level, the immunity and antioxidant indices were initially increased, and then decreased. The lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase activities in 300 and 500 mg/kg groups, immunoglobulin M(Ig M) and complement component 4(C4) contents in 300 mg/kg group, and acid phosphatase activity in 500 mg/kg group markedly increased,compared with the control group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences(P>0.05) in complement component 3(C3) and nitric oxide contents among all groups. Compared with the control and 700 mg/kg groups, the liver superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, total antioxidant capacity and the serum superoxide dismutase, as well as glutathione peroxidase activities in 300 mg/kg group were significantly higher(P<0.05), while the serum malondialdehyde content in that group was considerably lower(P<0.05). Under ammonia-nitrogen stress for96 h, compared with the control group, the liver and serum superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in 300 mg/kg group were significantly greater(P<0.05), however, the serum malondialdehyde content in the mentioned group was significantly lower(P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with GSH could enhance the tissue GSH level, immunity and antioxidant capacity of juvenile yellow catfish, and the effective range of this enhancement was 300 to 500 mg/kg as well.
To assess the effects of dietary supplementation with glutathione(GSH) on tissue GSH levels, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), a total of 800 yellow catfish with a mean body weight of(1.32±0.01) g were considered and randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates per each group and40 fish per each replicate as well. During 56 d, the fish were fed by a basal diet and four test diets, which supplemented with 100, 300, 500, and 700 mg/kg of reduced GSH, respectively. The results indicated that, except for 100 mg/kg group, supplementation with GSH significantly increased the GSH content in liver and serum of yellow catfish(P<0.05). When GSH level was 300 mg/kg or higher, GSH content in liver and serum was in a stable state. With the increase of glutathione level, the immunity and antioxidant indices were initially increased, and then decreased. The lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase activities in 300 and 500 mg/kg groups, immunoglobulin M(Ig M) and complement component 4(C4) contents in 300 mg/kg group, and acid phosphatase activity in 500 mg/kg group markedly increased,compared with the control group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences(P>0.05) in complement component 3(C3) and nitric oxide contents among all groups. Compared with the control and 700 mg/kg groups, the liver superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, total antioxidant capacity and the serum superoxide dismutase, as well as glutathione peroxidase activities in 300 mg/kg group were significantly higher(P<0.05), while the serum malondialdehyde content in that group was considerably lower(P<0.05). Under ammonia-nitrogen stress for96 h, compared with the control group, the liver and serum superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in 300 mg/kg group were significantly greater(P<0.05), however, the serum malondialdehyde content in the mentioned group was significantly lower(P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with GSH could enhance the tissue GSH level, immunity and antioxidant capacity of juvenile yellow catfish, and the effective range of this enhancement was 300 to 500 mg/kg as well.
引文
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[7]Wang F Q,Zhang W B,Mai K S.Effects of dietary glutathione on growth and antioxidant capacity of Paralichthys olivaceus[J].Journal of Ocean University of China(Natural Science),2011,41(4):51-56[王芳倩,张文兵,麦康森,等.饲料中添加还原型谷胱甘肽对牙鲆生长和抗氧化能力的影响.中国海洋大学学报自然科学版,2011,41(4):51-56]
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[12]Goc Z,Szaroma W,Kapusta E,et al.Protective effects of melatonin on the activity of SOD,CAT,GSH-Px and GSH content in organs of mice after administration of SNP[J].Chinese Journal of Physiology,2017,60(1):1-10
[13]Pastore A,Federici G,Bertini E,et al.Analysis of glutathione:implication in redox and detoxification[J].Clinica Chimica Acta,2003,333(1):19-39
[14]Elskens M T,Jaspers C J,Penninckx M J.Glutathione as an endogenous sulphur source in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J].Journal of General Microbiology,1991,137(3):637
[15]Meister A,Anderson M E.Glutathione[M].Annu Rev Biochem.1983,52(1):711-760
[16]Lu Y K,Chen X Z.Glutathione metabolism system of kidney and its toxicological significance[J].Journal of Environmental Hygiene,2003,30(5):274-278[卢永科,陈新志.肾脏谷胱甘肽代谢系统及其毒理学意义.环境卫生学杂志,2003,30(5):274-278]
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[18]Wang W W,Tang L,Zhou W L,et al.Research progress of glutathione biosynthesis and metabolism related enzymes[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Engineering,2014,34(7):89-95[王玮玮,唐亮,周文龙,等.谷胱甘肽生物合成及代谢相关酶的研究进展.中国生物工程杂志,2014,34(7):89-95]
[19]Wang F Q.Effects of dietary glutathione,alpha lipoic acid and two respectively interactions with selenium on the growth and antioxidant activity of Paralichthys olivaceus[D].Thesis for Master of Science,Ocean University of China,Qingdao.2010[王芳倩.饲料中还原型谷胱甘肽、α-硫辛酸及二者分别与硒的交互作用对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)生长和抗氧化的影响.硕士学位论文,中国海洋大学,青岛.2010]
[20]Zhou T T,Cao J M,Huang Y H,et al.Effects of dietary glutathione on growth,tissue biochemical parameters and non-specific immune related enzymes of Oreochromis niloticus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2013,37(5):742 -750[周婷婷,曹俊明,黄燕华,等.饲料中添加谷胱甘肽对吉富罗非鱼生长、组织生化指标和非特异性免疫相关酶的影响.水产学报,2013,37(5):742-750]
[21]Cao J M,Liu X H,Zhou M,et al.Effects of dietary glutathione on non-specific immune factors and related enzyme activities in Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2007,26(4):528-532[曹俊明,刘晓华,周萌,等.饲料中添加谷胱甘肽对凡纳滨对虾非特异性免疫因子和相关酶活性的影响.华中农业大学学报,2007,26(4):528-532]
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