基于广域行波波头频率分量幅值比信息的输电网非同步故障定位
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摘要
现有电网行波故障定位方法大多依赖行波到达时间和波速信息,需要精确同步。提出一种利用线模电压初始行波波头频率分量幅值比信息的输电网故障定位方法。该方法基于初始行波波头频率分量幅值的衰减特征和行波最短传播路径,采用虚拟故障点法,利用全网测量点的实际和理论幅值比差值构建故障线路识别判据;在保证训练普适性和少训练样本的前提下,利用径向基函数(RBF)神经网络拟合初始行波波头2个不同频率分量幅值比与故障距离的非线性关系实现故障精确定位。所提方法只需初始行波波头较低的频率分量幅值比信息,无需全网布置测量点和精确同步。在PSCAD/EMTDC中建立了IEEE 30节点系统的仿真模型,仿真结果表明所提方法定位精确、可靠性较高。
Most of the existing fault location methods of traveling wave in power network mainly rely on the arrival time and wave velocity,which require accurate synchronization. A fault location method for transmission system based on the amplitude ratio information of frequency components in the aerial-mode voltage initial traveling wave front is proposed. Based on the attenuation characteristics of frequency component amplitude in the initial traveling wave front and the shortest propagation paths of traveling wave,a fault line detection criteria based on the difference between the actual and theoretical amplitude ratio of frequency components is constructed by using the virtual fault point method. Under the premise of ensuring the training universality and fewer training samples,the nonlinear relationship between the amplitude ratio of two different frequency components in the traveling wave front and the actual fault location is fitted by using RBF(Radial Basis Function) neural network,which can realize accurate fault location. The proposed method only relies on the amplitude ratio information of lower frequency component and does not need to arrange measuring points in the whole system and synchronize accurately. The simulation model of IEEE 30-bus system is set up in PSCAD/EMTDC,and the simulative results verify the high accuracy and reliability of the proposed method.
Most of the existing fault location methods of traveling wave in power network mainly rely on the arrival time and wave velocity,which require accurate synchronization. A fault location method for transmission system based on the amplitude ratio information of frequency components in the aerial-mode voltage initial traveling wave front is proposed. Based on the attenuation characteristics of frequency component amplitude in the initial traveling wave front and the shortest propagation paths of traveling wave,a fault line detection criteria based on the difference between the actual and theoretical amplitude ratio of frequency components is constructed by using the virtual fault point method. Under the premise of ensuring the training universality and fewer training samples,the nonlinear relationship between the amplitude ratio of two different frequency components in the traveling wave front and the actual fault location is fitted by using RBF(Radial Basis Function) neural network,which can realize accurate fault location. The proposed method only relies on the amplitude ratio information of lower frequency component and does not need to arrange measuring points in the whole system and synchronize accurately. The simulation model of IEEE 30-bus system is set up in PSCAD/EMTDC,and the simulative results verify the high accuracy and reliability of the proposed method.
引文
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[13] 王珺,董新洲,施慎行. 考虑参数依频变化特性的辐射状架空配电线路行波传播研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2013,33(22):96-102.WANG Jun,DONG Xinzhou,SHI Shenxing. Traveling wave transmission research for overhead lines of radial distribution power systems considering frequency characteristics[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(22):96-102.
[14] 徐铭铭,肖立业,林良真. 基于零模行波衰减特性的配电线路单相接地故障测距方法[J]. 电工技术学报,2015,30(14):397-404. XU Mingming,XIAO Liye,LIN Liangzhen. A fault location method for the single-phase-to-earth fault in distribution system based on the attenuation characteristic of zero-mode traveling wave[J]. Tran-sactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):397-404.
[15] LIANG Rui,LIU Chenglei,PENG Nan,et al. Fault location for power grid based on transient travelling wave data fusion via asynchronous voltage measurements[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,2017,93:426-439.
[16] 张文海,肖先勇,汪颖. 基于故障暂态信号及其衰减特征的配网单相接地故障测距[J]. 电力自动化设备,2013,33(3):46-52.ZHANG Wenhai,XIAO Xianyong,WANG Ying. Single-phase-to-ground fault location based on transient fault signal and its attenuation character for distribution network[J]. Electric Power Automa-tion Equipment,2013,33(3):46-52.
[17] 周品. 神经网络设计与应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2013:267-268.
[2] GAZZANA D S,FERREIRA G D,BRETAS A S,et al. An integra-ted technique for fault location and section identification in distribution systems[J]. Electric Power Systems Research,2014,115(6):65-73.
[3] 董清,赵远,刘志刚,等. 利用广域测量系统定位大电网中短路故障点的方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2013,33(31):140-146.DONG Qing,ZHAO Yuan,LIU Zhigang,et al. A locating method of earth faults in large-scale power grid by using wide area measurement system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(31):140-146.
[4] ESMAEILIAN A,KEZUNOVIC M. Fault location using sparse synchrophasor measurement of electromechanical-wave oscillations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(4):1787-1796.
[5] 程云峰,张欣然,陆超. 广域测量技术在电力系统中的应用研究进展[J]. 电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(4):145-153.CHENG Yunfeng,ZHANG Xinran,LU Chao. Research progress of the application of wide area measurement technology in power system[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(4):145-153.
[6] 陈羽,刘东,徐丙垠. 基于广域网络信息的行波测距算法[J]. 电力系统自动化,2011,35(11):65-70.CHEN Yu,LIU Dong,XU Bingyin. A travelling wave location algorithm based on wide area network information[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(11):65-70.
[7] NAMDARI F,SALEHI M. A new algorithm for wide area fault location in power system[C]//2015 30th International Power System Conference(PSC). Tehran,Iran:IEEE,2015:363-370.
[8] LI Xiaoping,HE Zhengyou,XIA Lulu. A novel fault location method using traveling wave natural frequencies for transmission grid[C]//2011 4th International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies(DRPT). Shandong,China:IEEE,2011,209-212.
[9] LI Zewen,ZENG Xiangjun,YAO Jiangang. Wide area traveling wave based power grid fault network location method[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,2014,63(63):173-177.
[10] LI Zewen,HUA Huanhuan,DENG Feng. Power grid fault traveling wave network location method[C]//2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting. Lake Buena Vista,FL,USA:IEEE,2013:1-6.
[11] CHEN Yu,LIU Dong,XU Bingyin. Wide-area traveling wave fault location system based on IEC61850[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(2):1207-1215.
[12] RAJU F,ALEX S S. Fault direction detection and fault location identification in transmission lines using traveling waves[C]//2015 Online International Conference on Green Engineering and Techno-logies(IC-GET). Coimbatore,India:IEEE,2015:1-6.
[13] 王珺,董新洲,施慎行. 考虑参数依频变化特性的辐射状架空配电线路行波传播研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2013,33(22):96-102.WANG Jun,DONG Xinzhou,SHI Shenxing. Traveling wave transmission research for overhead lines of radial distribution power systems considering frequency characteristics[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(22):96-102.
[14] 徐铭铭,肖立业,林良真. 基于零模行波衰减特性的配电线路单相接地故障测距方法[J]. 电工技术学报,2015,30(14):397-404. XU Mingming,XIAO Liye,LIN Liangzhen. A fault location method for the single-phase-to-earth fault in distribution system based on the attenuation characteristic of zero-mode traveling wave[J]. Tran-sactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):397-404.
[15] LIANG Rui,LIU Chenglei,PENG Nan,et al. Fault location for power grid based on transient travelling wave data fusion via asynchronous voltage measurements[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,2017,93:426-439.
[16] 张文海,肖先勇,汪颖. 基于故障暂态信号及其衰减特征的配网单相接地故障测距[J]. 电力自动化设备,2013,33(3):46-52.ZHANG Wenhai,XIAO Xianyong,WANG Ying. Single-phase-to-ground fault location based on transient fault signal and its attenuation character for distribution network[J]. Electric Power Automa-tion Equipment,2013,33(3):46-52.
[17] 周品. 神经网络设计与应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2013:267-268.