理解电子波性的教学探讨
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摘要
波性是原子或分子中电子的重要性质,但结构化学教材对电子波性概念的解释不够详尽。为降低学生在学习该概念时的难度,结合教学实践,尝试将电子波性的物理特征描述为微观环境中电子的运动没有确定的轨迹。通过详细的分析与讨论,多数学生较好地理解了电子波性的物理特征,并认识到正是电子的波性与粒性在不同条件下的转换,才产生了能同时体现出电子波粒二象性的衍射图谱。
The wave nature of electron is not explained in detail in current structural chemistry textbooks although the nature is an important one for the electrons in atoms and molecules. To reduce the learning difficulty of this concept in the teaching practice, we described the physical character of the wave nature of electron as that one cannot predict its future position when it moves in a microscopic system. Our teaching activity suggested that most students can understand the concept properly. Moreover, we found that the class discussions on the concept could help most students to understand that it is both the particle nature and the wave nature of electrons that collectively lead to the result of electron diffraction.
The wave nature of electron is not explained in detail in current structural chemistry textbooks although the nature is an important one for the electrons in atoms and molecules. To reduce the learning difficulty of this concept in the teaching practice, we described the physical character of the wave nature of electron as that one cannot predict its future position when it moves in a microscopic system. Our teaching activity suggested that most students can understand the concept properly. Moreover, we found that the class discussions on the concept could help most students to understand that it is both the particle nature and the wave nature of electrons that collectively lead to the result of electron diffraction.
引文
[1] 林水啸,林默君.化学教育,2014,35(14):1-6
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[10] Joseph M Brom.J.Chem.Educ.,2017,94(5):577-581
[11] Robert C Rittenhouse.J.Chem.Educ.,2015,92(6):1035-1039
[12] 简妮·爱丽·丝奥姆罗德.学习心理学.6版.汪玲,李燕平,廖凤林,等,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015:183-188,299-300
[2] 李川,王磊.化学教育(中英文),2018,39(12):1-10
[3] 周公度,段连运.结构化学基础.4版.北京:北京大学出版社,2014:4-5
[4] 黄元河,李奇,陈光巨.结构化学.2版.北京:北京师范大学出版社,2017:4-5
[5] 李柄瑞.结构化学.北京:高等教育出版社,2004:8-9
[6] 张季爽,申成.基础结构化学.2版.北京:科学出版社,2006:8-10
[7] 夏少武,夏树伟.结构化学.北京:科学出版社,2012:4-7
[8] Theodore L Brown,H Eugene LeMay,Jr Bruce E Bursten.Chemistry:The Central Science.8th ed.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:198-201
[9] Peter Atkins,Julio de Paula.Atkins’ Physical Chemistry.London:Oxford University Press,2008:252-253
[10] Joseph M Brom.J.Chem.Educ.,2017,94(5):577-581
[11] Robert C Rittenhouse.J.Chem.Educ.,2015,92(6):1035-1039
[12] 简妮·爱丽·丝奥姆罗德.学习心理学.6版.汪玲,李燕平,廖凤林,等,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015:183-188,299-300