基于探地雷达的煤层小构造超前探测
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摘要
针对煤矿掘进工作面前方小型地质构造隐蔽性强、探测难度大的问题,首先依据煤层巷道掘进面前方小构造(小断层、冲刷破碎带)的空间分布形态,构建其与雷达超前探测剖面相对应的二维地电模型;其次基于FDTD理论方法对构建的地电模型进行正演模拟与偏移处理,分析了一定频率下小构造的雷达波时域响应特征;最后使用防爆探地雷达系统配合50 MHz天线对新景矿3215辅助进风巷和3218回风巷掘进面进行了超前试验探测,并以数值模拟结果为参考,指导实测数据的解译工作。研究表明:煤层内部小构造的实测雷达信号响应特征与正演模拟结果的相似性高,50 MHz防爆天线能够对掘进面前方50 m范围内的小构造进行有效识别。
To dealing with the problems of high concealment and difficult detection of small structures of coal seam in front of the heading face in coal mine, we firstly build the a two-dimensional geoelectric model which corresponds to radar detection profiles according to the spatial distribution pattern of small geological structures(small faults and scouring fractured zones) in front of tunnel. Secondly, by making the forward modeling and migration processing to the geoelectric model based on FDTD theory, and the time domain response characteristics of the radar wave at a certain frequency to the small structure are analyzed. Finally, the explosion-proof GPR system with 50 MHz antenna are used to carry out advanced test detection for six times on the heading face of 3215 auxiliary air intake tunnel and 3218 return air tunnel in Xinjing Mine, and the numerical simulation results are used as a reference to guide the interpretation of the measured data. The results show that the response characteristics of measured radar signals of internal small structures in coal seam are similar to those of forward simulation. The 50 MHz explosion-proof antenna can effectively identify small structures within 50 meters in front of tunneling.
To dealing with the problems of high concealment and difficult detection of small structures of coal seam in front of the heading face in coal mine, we firstly build the a two-dimensional geoelectric model which corresponds to radar detection profiles according to the spatial distribution pattern of small geological structures(small faults and scouring fractured zones) in front of tunnel. Secondly, by making the forward modeling and migration processing to the geoelectric model based on FDTD theory, and the time domain response characteristics of the radar wave at a certain frequency to the small structure are analyzed. Finally, the explosion-proof GPR system with 50 MHz antenna are used to carry out advanced test detection for six times on the heading face of 3215 auxiliary air intake tunnel and 3218 return air tunnel in Xinjing Mine, and the numerical simulation results are used as a reference to guide the interpretation of the measured data. The results show that the response characteristics of measured radar signals of internal small structures in coal seam are similar to those of forward simulation. The 50 MHz explosion-proof antenna can effectively identify small structures within 50 meters in front of tunneling.
引文
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[13]许献磊,杨峰,夏云海,等.矿井超深探测地质雷达天线的开发及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(4):124-129.
[2]张平松,胡雄武.矿井巷道掘进电磁法超前探测技术研究现状[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(1):112-115.
[3]杨思通,程久龙.煤巷小构造Rayleigh型槽波超前探测数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(2):655-62.
[4]杨思通,程久龙.煤巷地震超前探测数值模拟及波场特征研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(10):1633-1637.
[5]韩德品,李丹,程久龙,等.超前探测灾害性含导水地质构造的直流电法[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(4):635.
[6]程久龙,王玉和,于师建,等.巷道掘进中电阻率法超前探测原理与应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2000(4):60-62.
[7]于景邨,刘志新,刘树才,等.深部采场突水构造矿井瞬变电磁法探查理论及应用[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(8):818-821.
[8]PENG Suping,YANG Feng.Fine Geological Radar Proces-sing and Interpretation[J].Applied Geophysics,2004,1(2):89-94.
[9]CUI Fan,WU Zhiyuan,CHEN Jia,et al.Fine Detection of mine collapse column by anti-explosive ground penetrating radar[J].Computer Modeling and New Technologies,2014,18(11):1306-1311.
[10]梁庆华,吴燕清,宋劲,等.探地雷达在煤巷掘进中超前探测试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(5):91-94.
[11]文虎,张铎,郑学召,等.基于FDTD的电磁波在煤中传播特性[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(11):2959-2967.
[12]冯德山,戴前伟,何继善.探地雷达的正演模拟及有限差分波动方程偏移处理[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006(2):361-365.
[13]许献磊,杨峰,夏云海,等.矿井超深探测地质雷达天线的开发及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(4):124-129.