LNG工厂重烃脱除工艺研究
|
摘要
针对LNG工厂出现的重烃冻堵问题,依托内蒙古某LNG工厂,对吸附+再生气冷却、重烃洗涤、气提+重烃回流以及低温精馏四种工艺方案,从工艺模拟、流程描述、适用性、温度参数、液化能耗、主要设备、投资等方面,详细分析各方案的优劣性,最终比选出一套流程简单、能耗低、操作方便的适合该工厂的脱重烃工艺方案。
With regard to the issue of heavy hydrocarbon frozen blocking in LNG plant,four processes as "adsorption + regeneration gas cooling","heavy hydrocarbon scrubbing","gas stripping + heavy hydrocarbon reflux"and " low temperature rectification"are analyzed in detail with reliance on certain LNG plant in Inner Mongolia from the aspects of process simulation,process description,applicability,temperature parameters,liquefaction energy consumption,main equipment,investment and the like,and finally a set of process scheme suitable for heavy hydrocarbon removal in the plant is selected,which is simple in process,low in energy consumption and easy to operate.
With regard to the issue of heavy hydrocarbon frozen blocking in LNG plant,four processes as "adsorption + regeneration gas cooling","heavy hydrocarbon scrubbing","gas stripping + heavy hydrocarbon reflux"and " low temperature rectification"are analyzed in detail with reliance on certain LNG plant in Inner Mongolia from the aspects of process simulation,process description,applicability,temperature parameters,liquefaction energy consumption,main equipment,investment and the like,and finally a set of process scheme suitable for heavy hydrocarbon removal in the plant is selected,which is simple in process,low in energy consumption and easy to operate.
引文
[1]李彩云.天然气处理厂脱重烃系统工艺优化[D].西安:西安石油大学,2015.Li Caiyun.Process Optimization of Heavy Hydrocarbon Removal System of Natural Gas Treatment Plant.[D].Xi'an:Xi'an Shiyou University,2015.
[2]钱伯章,朱建芳.世界液化天然气的现状及展望[J].天然气与石油,2008,26(4):34-38.Qian Bozhang,Zhu Jianfang.Present Situation of LNG in the World and Its Prospect[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2008,26(4):34-38.
[3]宋俊平,戴成阳,王转红.浅谈天然气液化脱重烃技术[J].山东化工,2014,43(1):137-139.Song Junping,Dai Chengyang,Wang Zhuanhong.Introduction to Natural Gas Liquefaction Technology of Heavy Hydrocarbon[J].Shandong Chemical Industry,2014,43(1):137-139.
[4]Antonio B F.Adsorption-selective Carbon Membrane for Gas Separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2000,177:9-16.
[5]岳春静.液化天然气系统中重烃脱除系统的研究[J].广东化工,2013,40(12):222-223.Yue Chunjing.Study on Removal of Heavy Hydrocarbon in Liquefied Natural Gas System[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2013,40(12):222-223.
[6]Liu P C,Li W H,Hao M Q,et al.Quantitative Evaluation of Factors Affecting Foamy Oil Recovery in the Development of Heavy Hydrocarbon Reservoirs[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2016,41:1562-15631.
[7]黎玉萍,文洪江.LNG工厂重烃脱除工艺方案应用研究[J].天然气与石油,2017,35(3):41-45.Li Yuping,Wen Hongjiang.Research on the Application of Heavy Hydrocarbon Removal Process Transformation in LNG Plant[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2017,35(3):41-45.
[8]Yang H,Zhan Z L,Yao Y X,et al.Influence of Gravity-induced Brine Drainage on Seawater Ice Desalination[J].Desalination,2017,407:33-40.
[9]曾凡平,田广新.液化天然气工厂重烃脱除工艺方案比选[J].石油与天然气化工,2015,44(1):35-38.Zeng Fanping,Tian Guangxin.Scheme Comparison and Selection of Heavy Hydrocarbon Removal Process in LNG Plant[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2015,44(1):35-38.
[10]岳春静.液化天然气系统中重烃脱除系统的研究[J].广东化工,2013,40(12):222-224.Yue Chunjing.Study on Removal of Heavy Hydrocarbon in Liquefied Natural Gas System[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2013,40(12):222-224.
[11]张守江,兰颖,黄霞.LNG净化与液化工艺概述[J].化工进展,2012,31(增刊2):96-99.Zhang Shoujiang,Lan Ying,Huang Xia.Purification and LNG Liquefaction Process Overview[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2012,31(Suppl 2):96-99.
[12]高忠杰,刘德俊,张治国,等.LNG原料气预处理[J].当代化工,2010,39(6):689-692.Gao Zhongjie,Liu Dejun,Zhang Zhiguo,et al.Pretreatment of LNG Feed Gas[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2010,39(6):689-692.
[13]祁强,吴效楠,崔苗苗.天然气液化预处理的研究进展[J].天津化工,2010,24(3):7-10.Qi Qiang,Wu Xiaonan,Cui Miaomiao.Research Progress of Natural Gas Liquefaction Pretreatment[J].Tianjin Chemical Industry,2010,24(3):7-10.
[14]Avidan A,Messersmith D,Martinez B.LNG Liquefaction Technologies Moves Toward Greater Efficiencies,Lower Emissions[J].Oil&Gas Journal,2002,100(33):60-68.
[15]董加庆,张云霄.液化天然气工厂脱苯工艺的改造[J].天然气工业,2007,27(6):118-119.Dong Jiaqing,Zhang Yunxiao.Reform on De-benzene Technology in LNG Manufactures[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(6):118-119.
[16]陈文杰.液化天然气工厂天然气净化工艺的选择[J].化学工业与工程技术,2014,35(5):16-19.Chen Wenjie.Selecting Natural Gas Purification Process in Liquefied Natural Gas Factory[J].Journal of Chemical Industry&Engineering,2014,35(5):16-19.
[17]Bernardo P,Drioli E,Golemme G.Membrane Gas Separation:A Review/State of the Art[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2009,48(10):4638-4663.
[18]张鑫,芦刚,陈秋燕.洗涤塔在LNG实际生产中的应用[J].化工管理,2016,(5):192-194.Zhang Xin,Lu Gang,Chen Qiuyan.Application of Scrubber in LNG Production[J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2016,(5):192-194.
[19]徐正斌,王世清,乔志刚,等.LNG凝液回收技术经济浅析[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):133-135.Xu Zhengbin,Wang Shiqing,Qiao Zhigang,et al.Economic Analysis of LNG Condensate Recovery Techniques[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(10):133-135.
[20]赖秀文,张淑文,胡明辉,等.煤制甲醇中合成气深冷分离制LNG的流程研制[J].深冷技术,2015,(2):34-38.Lai Xiuwen,Zhang Shuwen,Hu Minghui,et al.Development of LNG Making Process Through Deep Cooling Separation of Synthetic Gas in Coal-based Methanol Plant[J].Cryogenic Technology,2015,(2):34-38.
[21]王道广.液化天然气生产中重烃分离技术综述[J].现代化工,2017,37(8):170-173.Wang Daoguang.Review on Technologies for Removal of Heavy Hydrocarbons During LNG Production[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2017,37(8):170-173.
[22]王治红,吴明鸥,王小强,等.富含CO2天然气低温分离防冻堵工艺研究[J].天然气与石油,2012,30(4):26-29.Wang Zhihong,Wu Ming'ou,Wang Xiaoqiang,et al.Study on Technology for Preventing Ice Plug in Low Temperature Separation of Natural Gas Containing Rich CO2[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2012,30(4):26-29.
[23]程振华.天然气处理厂脱甲烷塔CO2冻堵的规律及解决方案研究[J].现代化工,2010,30(8):80-82.Cheng Zhenhua.Research on CO2Freeze Blocking Law and Solutions for Demethanizing Tower in Natural Gas Processing Plant[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2010,30(8):80-82.
[24]Yoo B Y.Economic Assessment of Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG)as a Marine Fuel for CO2Carriers Compared to Marine Gas Oil(MGO)[J].Energy,2017,121:772-780.
[25]刘盛鹏.广安LNG装置冷箱积液处理[J].石油与天然气化工,2013,42(2):154-155.Liu Shengpeng.Treatment of Cold-box Abnormal Liquidflooding Phenomenon in Guang'an LNG Plant[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2013,42(2):154-155.
[26]钟志良,汪宏伟,白宇恒,等.LNG工厂冷箱堵塞问题解决方案研究[J].天然气与石油,2013,31(5):26-30.Zhong Zhiliang,Wang Hongwei,Bai Yuheng,et al.Study on Solution for Cold Box Blockage in LNG Plant[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2013,31(5):26-30.
[27]孙博,宋俊平,刘振华,等.LNG装置冷箱中混合冷剂偏流处理方案探讨[J].天然气与石油,2015,33(6):30-32.Sun Bo,Song Junping,Liu Zhenhua,et al.Discussion on Treatment Scheme of Mixed Refrigerant Flow Deviation in Cool Box of LNG Unit[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2015,33(6):30-32.
[28]马高永,刘学志.液氮洗冷箱冻堵因素分析及预防措施[J].氮肥技术,2015,36(1):39-43.Ma Gaoyong,Liu Xuezhi.Analysis and Preventive Measures of Liquid Nitrogen Wash Cold Box Frozen Block Factor[J].Nitrogenous Fertilizer Technology,2015,36(1):39-43.
[29]Zhao W H,Mc Phail F.Roll Response of an LNG Carrier Considering the Liquid Cargo Flow[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,129:83-91.
[30]贾震宇.液氮洗装置冷箱冻堵事故分析与讨论[J].化肥工业,2014,41(4):47-52.Jia Zhenyu.Analysis and Discussion of Cold Box FrozenBlockage Accident of Liquid Nitrogen Wash Unit[J].Chemical Fertilizer Industry,2014,41(4):47-52.
[31]Gao G,Huang Z L,Huang B J,et al.The Solution and Exsolution Characteristics of Natural Gas Components in Water at High Temperature and Pressure and Their Geological Meaning[J].Petroleum Science,2014,9:25-30.
[32]岑兆海.天然气净化厂单元能耗评价指标探讨[J].天然气与石油,2011,29(4):29-32.Cen Zhaohai.Discussion on Evaluation Index of Unit Energy Consumption in Gas Purification Plant[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2011,29(4):29-32.
[33]Stefanie Tesch,Tatiana Morosuk,George Tsatsaronis.Exergetic and Economic Evaluation of Safety-related Concepts for the Regasification of LNG Integrated into Air Separation Processes[J].Energy,2017,141:2458-2469.
[34]Kogbara R B,Iyengar S R,Grasley Z C,et al.Relating Damage Evolution of Concrete Cooled to Cryogenic Temperatures to Permeability[J].Cryogenics,2014,64:282-288.
[35]毕艳龙.浅析天然气管道冻堵处理方法及预防措施[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013,34(4):60.Bi Yanlong.Analysis on the Treatment and Preventive Measures of Freezing and Blocking of Natural Gas Pipeline[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2013,34(4):60.
[36]Messineo A,Panno D.Potential Applications Using LNG Cold Energy in Sicily[J].International Journal of Energy Research,2008,32(11):1058-1064.
[37]Congliang Ye,Min Hua,Xuhai Pan,et al.Development of Heat Transfer and Evaporation Model of LNG Covered by Hi-Ex Foam[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2016,44:564-572.
[38]范印帅.天然气深冷装置再生气冬季冻堵分析及解决方案[J].油气田地面工程,2015,34(9):28-30.Fan Yinshuai.Problems and Countermeasures of FreezeBlockage in Winter for Cryogenic Gas Device Recycling for[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2015,34(9):28-30.
[39]张玉红,梁后飞,王燕妮,等.天然气深冷装置的冻堵与解冻[J].河南化工,2010,27(3下):31.Zhang Yuhong,Liang Houfei,Wang Yanni,et al.Natural Gas Cryogenic Devices Freeze Blocking and Thawing[J].Henan Chemical Industry,2010,27(06):31.
[40]贾荣,宋阳,林文胜.混合制冷剂重烃组分对PRICO液化流程的影响[J].制冷技术,2016,36(3):15-18.Jia Rong,Song Yang,Lin Wensheng.Influence of Heavy Hydrocarbon in Mixed Refrigerant on PRICO Liquefaction Process[J].Chinese Journal of Refrigeration Technology,2016,36(3):15-18.
[2]钱伯章,朱建芳.世界液化天然气的现状及展望[J].天然气与石油,2008,26(4):34-38.Qian Bozhang,Zhu Jianfang.Present Situation of LNG in the World and Its Prospect[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2008,26(4):34-38.
[3]宋俊平,戴成阳,王转红.浅谈天然气液化脱重烃技术[J].山东化工,2014,43(1):137-139.Song Junping,Dai Chengyang,Wang Zhuanhong.Introduction to Natural Gas Liquefaction Technology of Heavy Hydrocarbon[J].Shandong Chemical Industry,2014,43(1):137-139.
[4]Antonio B F.Adsorption-selective Carbon Membrane for Gas Separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2000,177:9-16.
[5]岳春静.液化天然气系统中重烃脱除系统的研究[J].广东化工,2013,40(12):222-223.Yue Chunjing.Study on Removal of Heavy Hydrocarbon in Liquefied Natural Gas System[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2013,40(12):222-223.
[6]Liu P C,Li W H,Hao M Q,et al.Quantitative Evaluation of Factors Affecting Foamy Oil Recovery in the Development of Heavy Hydrocarbon Reservoirs[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2016,41:1562-15631.
[7]黎玉萍,文洪江.LNG工厂重烃脱除工艺方案应用研究[J].天然气与石油,2017,35(3):41-45.Li Yuping,Wen Hongjiang.Research on the Application of Heavy Hydrocarbon Removal Process Transformation in LNG Plant[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2017,35(3):41-45.
[8]Yang H,Zhan Z L,Yao Y X,et al.Influence of Gravity-induced Brine Drainage on Seawater Ice Desalination[J].Desalination,2017,407:33-40.
[9]曾凡平,田广新.液化天然气工厂重烃脱除工艺方案比选[J].石油与天然气化工,2015,44(1):35-38.Zeng Fanping,Tian Guangxin.Scheme Comparison and Selection of Heavy Hydrocarbon Removal Process in LNG Plant[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2015,44(1):35-38.
[10]岳春静.液化天然气系统中重烃脱除系统的研究[J].广东化工,2013,40(12):222-224.Yue Chunjing.Study on Removal of Heavy Hydrocarbon in Liquefied Natural Gas System[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2013,40(12):222-224.
[11]张守江,兰颖,黄霞.LNG净化与液化工艺概述[J].化工进展,2012,31(增刊2):96-99.Zhang Shoujiang,Lan Ying,Huang Xia.Purification and LNG Liquefaction Process Overview[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2012,31(Suppl 2):96-99.
[12]高忠杰,刘德俊,张治国,等.LNG原料气预处理[J].当代化工,2010,39(6):689-692.Gao Zhongjie,Liu Dejun,Zhang Zhiguo,et al.Pretreatment of LNG Feed Gas[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2010,39(6):689-692.
[13]祁强,吴效楠,崔苗苗.天然气液化预处理的研究进展[J].天津化工,2010,24(3):7-10.Qi Qiang,Wu Xiaonan,Cui Miaomiao.Research Progress of Natural Gas Liquefaction Pretreatment[J].Tianjin Chemical Industry,2010,24(3):7-10.
[14]Avidan A,Messersmith D,Martinez B.LNG Liquefaction Technologies Moves Toward Greater Efficiencies,Lower Emissions[J].Oil&Gas Journal,2002,100(33):60-68.
[15]董加庆,张云霄.液化天然气工厂脱苯工艺的改造[J].天然气工业,2007,27(6):118-119.Dong Jiaqing,Zhang Yunxiao.Reform on De-benzene Technology in LNG Manufactures[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(6):118-119.
[16]陈文杰.液化天然气工厂天然气净化工艺的选择[J].化学工业与工程技术,2014,35(5):16-19.Chen Wenjie.Selecting Natural Gas Purification Process in Liquefied Natural Gas Factory[J].Journal of Chemical Industry&Engineering,2014,35(5):16-19.
[17]Bernardo P,Drioli E,Golemme G.Membrane Gas Separation:A Review/State of the Art[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2009,48(10):4638-4663.
[18]张鑫,芦刚,陈秋燕.洗涤塔在LNG实际生产中的应用[J].化工管理,2016,(5):192-194.Zhang Xin,Lu Gang,Chen Qiuyan.Application of Scrubber in LNG Production[J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2016,(5):192-194.
[19]徐正斌,王世清,乔志刚,等.LNG凝液回收技术经济浅析[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):133-135.Xu Zhengbin,Wang Shiqing,Qiao Zhigang,et al.Economic Analysis of LNG Condensate Recovery Techniques[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(10):133-135.
[20]赖秀文,张淑文,胡明辉,等.煤制甲醇中合成气深冷分离制LNG的流程研制[J].深冷技术,2015,(2):34-38.Lai Xiuwen,Zhang Shuwen,Hu Minghui,et al.Development of LNG Making Process Through Deep Cooling Separation of Synthetic Gas in Coal-based Methanol Plant[J].Cryogenic Technology,2015,(2):34-38.
[21]王道广.液化天然气生产中重烃分离技术综述[J].现代化工,2017,37(8):170-173.Wang Daoguang.Review on Technologies for Removal of Heavy Hydrocarbons During LNG Production[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2017,37(8):170-173.
[22]王治红,吴明鸥,王小强,等.富含CO2天然气低温分离防冻堵工艺研究[J].天然气与石油,2012,30(4):26-29.Wang Zhihong,Wu Ming'ou,Wang Xiaoqiang,et al.Study on Technology for Preventing Ice Plug in Low Temperature Separation of Natural Gas Containing Rich CO2[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2012,30(4):26-29.
[23]程振华.天然气处理厂脱甲烷塔CO2冻堵的规律及解决方案研究[J].现代化工,2010,30(8):80-82.Cheng Zhenhua.Research on CO2Freeze Blocking Law and Solutions for Demethanizing Tower in Natural Gas Processing Plant[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2010,30(8):80-82.
[24]Yoo B Y.Economic Assessment of Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG)as a Marine Fuel for CO2Carriers Compared to Marine Gas Oil(MGO)[J].Energy,2017,121:772-780.
[25]刘盛鹏.广安LNG装置冷箱积液处理[J].石油与天然气化工,2013,42(2):154-155.Liu Shengpeng.Treatment of Cold-box Abnormal Liquidflooding Phenomenon in Guang'an LNG Plant[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2013,42(2):154-155.
[26]钟志良,汪宏伟,白宇恒,等.LNG工厂冷箱堵塞问题解决方案研究[J].天然气与石油,2013,31(5):26-30.Zhong Zhiliang,Wang Hongwei,Bai Yuheng,et al.Study on Solution for Cold Box Blockage in LNG Plant[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2013,31(5):26-30.
[27]孙博,宋俊平,刘振华,等.LNG装置冷箱中混合冷剂偏流处理方案探讨[J].天然气与石油,2015,33(6):30-32.Sun Bo,Song Junping,Liu Zhenhua,et al.Discussion on Treatment Scheme of Mixed Refrigerant Flow Deviation in Cool Box of LNG Unit[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2015,33(6):30-32.
[28]马高永,刘学志.液氮洗冷箱冻堵因素分析及预防措施[J].氮肥技术,2015,36(1):39-43.Ma Gaoyong,Liu Xuezhi.Analysis and Preventive Measures of Liquid Nitrogen Wash Cold Box Frozen Block Factor[J].Nitrogenous Fertilizer Technology,2015,36(1):39-43.
[29]Zhao W H,Mc Phail F.Roll Response of an LNG Carrier Considering the Liquid Cargo Flow[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,129:83-91.
[30]贾震宇.液氮洗装置冷箱冻堵事故分析与讨论[J].化肥工业,2014,41(4):47-52.Jia Zhenyu.Analysis and Discussion of Cold Box FrozenBlockage Accident of Liquid Nitrogen Wash Unit[J].Chemical Fertilizer Industry,2014,41(4):47-52.
[31]Gao G,Huang Z L,Huang B J,et al.The Solution and Exsolution Characteristics of Natural Gas Components in Water at High Temperature and Pressure and Their Geological Meaning[J].Petroleum Science,2014,9:25-30.
[32]岑兆海.天然气净化厂单元能耗评价指标探讨[J].天然气与石油,2011,29(4):29-32.Cen Zhaohai.Discussion on Evaluation Index of Unit Energy Consumption in Gas Purification Plant[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2011,29(4):29-32.
[33]Stefanie Tesch,Tatiana Morosuk,George Tsatsaronis.Exergetic and Economic Evaluation of Safety-related Concepts for the Regasification of LNG Integrated into Air Separation Processes[J].Energy,2017,141:2458-2469.
[34]Kogbara R B,Iyengar S R,Grasley Z C,et al.Relating Damage Evolution of Concrete Cooled to Cryogenic Temperatures to Permeability[J].Cryogenics,2014,64:282-288.
[35]毕艳龙.浅析天然气管道冻堵处理方法及预防措施[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013,34(4):60.Bi Yanlong.Analysis on the Treatment and Preventive Measures of Freezing and Blocking of Natural Gas Pipeline[J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2013,34(4):60.
[36]Messineo A,Panno D.Potential Applications Using LNG Cold Energy in Sicily[J].International Journal of Energy Research,2008,32(11):1058-1064.
[37]Congliang Ye,Min Hua,Xuhai Pan,et al.Development of Heat Transfer and Evaporation Model of LNG Covered by Hi-Ex Foam[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2016,44:564-572.
[38]范印帅.天然气深冷装置再生气冬季冻堵分析及解决方案[J].油气田地面工程,2015,34(9):28-30.Fan Yinshuai.Problems and Countermeasures of FreezeBlockage in Winter for Cryogenic Gas Device Recycling for[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2015,34(9):28-30.
[39]张玉红,梁后飞,王燕妮,等.天然气深冷装置的冻堵与解冻[J].河南化工,2010,27(3下):31.Zhang Yuhong,Liang Houfei,Wang Yanni,et al.Natural Gas Cryogenic Devices Freeze Blocking and Thawing[J].Henan Chemical Industry,2010,27(06):31.
[40]贾荣,宋阳,林文胜.混合制冷剂重烃组分对PRICO液化流程的影响[J].制冷技术,2016,36(3):15-18.Jia Rong,Song Yang,Lin Wensheng.Influence of Heavy Hydrocarbon in Mixed Refrigerant on PRICO Liquefaction Process[J].Chinese Journal of Refrigeration Technology,2016,36(3):15-18.