辐射改性对铅/铜高分子辐射屏蔽材料性能的影响
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摘要
采用熔融共混和电子加速器辐射改性方法,制备了以高分子材料乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)为基底、铅粉和铜粉为填料的高分子辐射屏蔽材料。综合该材料的力学性能、电性能、辐射屏蔽性能以及交联度的表征结果,可以得出:在EVA中添加质量分数为20%的铜粉和30%的铅粉,采用熔融共混法在110℃下共混,并给予材料50 kGy的辐射剂量照射,可制得综合性能良好的高分子屏蔽材料。其中,该材料在接受辐照后的抗拉强度达到12.25 MPa;表面电阻率为1.843 4×10~(13)Ω,相较纯EVA下降了两个数量级;对~(241)Am所放出的59.5 keV的射线的屏蔽率可达81.315 5%。
A polymer radiation shielding material based on polymer ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA) and lead powder and copper powder as fil-ler was prepared by melt blending and electron accelerator radiation modification. Based on the characterization of the mechanical properties, electrical properties, radiation shielding properties and cross-linking degree of the material, it can be concluded that it is more appropriate to add 20% by mass of copper powder and 30% of lead powder in EVA. The material was firstly processed with melt blending under 110 ℃ and then irradiated with a radiation does of 50 kGy to achieve great comprehensive properties. The tensile strength of the material after irradiation is 12.25 MPa; the surface resistivity is 1.843 4×10~(13) Ω, which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of pure EVA; the shielding rate of 59.5 keV emitted by ~(241)Am is 81.315 5%.
A polymer radiation shielding material based on polymer ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA) and lead powder and copper powder as fil-ler was prepared by melt blending and electron accelerator radiation modification. Based on the characterization of the mechanical properties, electrical properties, radiation shielding properties and cross-linking degree of the material, it can be concluded that it is more appropriate to add 20% by mass of copper powder and 30% of lead powder in EVA. The material was firstly processed with melt blending under 110 ℃ and then irradiated with a radiation does of 50 kGy to achieve great comprehensive properties. The tensile strength of the material after irradiation is 12.25 MPa; the surface resistivity is 1.843 4×10~(13) Ω, which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of pure EVA; the shielding rate of 59.5 keV emitted by ~(241)Am is 81.315 5%.
引文
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