碳纳米管改性泡沫镍/环氧树脂复合材料阻尼性能
|
摘要
采用一种新型简易的化学气相沉积法(CVD)直接在泡沫镍表面均匀地沉积生长碳纳米管(CNTs),然后通过真空导入模塑成型工艺(VIMP)将选定的环氧树脂体系填入表面负载CNTs的泡沫镍孔洞,制备CNTs-泡沫镍/环氧树脂复合材料。利用FE-SEM、TEM和Raman对在不同反应温度条件下泡沫镍表面形貌和所生成CNTs的形貌、结构及石墨化程度进行了表征,并采用动态机械分析仪(DMA)研究了CNTs对泡沫镍/环氧树脂复合材料阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:当反应温度为680℃时,在泡沫镍表面可获得较好的CNTs沉积效果,且所生成的CNTs石墨化程度和纯度较高且直径尺寸较为均匀。同时所制备的CNTs-泡沫镍/环氧树脂复合材料比泡沫镍/环氧树脂复合材料,最大损耗因子tanδ_(max)从0.69提高到0.78,玻璃化转变温度Tg从60℃偏移到68℃,有效阻尼温域ΔT从39℃扩宽到44℃,整体阻尼性能提高了18.9%。
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were directly and uniformly deposited on Ni foam by a simple chemical vapor deposition(CVD)method,and then the selected epoxy resin system was induced into Ni foam supported CNTs to prepare Ni foam/epoxy resin composites modified with CNTs by vacuum infusion molding process(VIMP).Surface morphology of Ni foam and morphology,structure and graphitization of as-formed CNTs were characterized by FESEM,TEM and Raman at different reaction temperatures.Meanwhile,the effect of CNTs on damping properties of composites was investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA).The results show that the CNTs with uniform diameter,high graphitization and purity can be well deposited on Ni foam at 680℃.Compared with Ni foam/epoxy resin composites modified without CNTs,the maximum loss factor tanδmaxof Ni foam/epoxy resin composites modified with CNTs increases from 0.69 to 0.78,the glass transition temperature Tgshifts from 60℃to 68℃,the effective damping temperature rangeΔTextends from 39℃to 44℃,and the damping property increases by 18.9%.
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were directly and uniformly deposited on Ni foam by a simple chemical vapor deposition(CVD)method,and then the selected epoxy resin system was induced into Ni foam supported CNTs to prepare Ni foam/epoxy resin composites modified with CNTs by vacuum infusion molding process(VIMP).Surface morphology of Ni foam and morphology,structure and graphitization of as-formed CNTs were characterized by FESEM,TEM and Raman at different reaction temperatures.Meanwhile,the effect of CNTs on damping properties of composites was investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA).The results show that the CNTs with uniform diameter,high graphitization and purity can be well deposited on Ni foam at 680℃.Compared with Ni foam/epoxy resin composites modified without CNTs,the maximum loss factor tanδmaxof Ni foam/epoxy resin composites modified with CNTs increases from 0.69 to 0.78,the glass transition temperature Tgshifts from 60℃to 68℃,the effective damping temperature rangeΔTextends from 39℃to 44℃,and the damping property increases by 18.9%.
引文
[1]汪正兴.多孔陶瓷/铝基高阻尼复合材料的制备及性能研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2009.WANG Z X.Preparation and properties study of aluminum matrix porous ceramic high damping composite[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2009(in Chinese).
[2]常冠军.黏弹性阻尼材料[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2012:3-5.CHANG G J.Viscoelastic damping material[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2012:3-5(in Chinese).
[3]倪楠楠,温月芳,贺德龙,等.结构-阻尼复合材料研究进展[J].材料工程,2015,43(6):90-101.NI N N,WEN Y F,HE D L,et al.Process on the research of structure-damping composites[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2015,43(6):90-101(in Chinese).
[4]DUKHAN N,REYESS N,HADLEY J.Characterization of aluminum foam-polypropylene interpenetrating phase composites:Flexural test results[J].Mechanics of Materials,2010,42(2):134-141.
[5]谢卫红,杜红涛,李顺才.聚氨酯泡沫铝复合材料动态力学实验[J].复合材料学报,2011,28(3):103-108.XIE W H,DU H T,LI S C.Experimental study on dynamic mechanical performance of polyurethane aluminum foams composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2011,28(3):103-108(in Chinese).
[6]田爱平,余为,李东杰.泡沫铝-空心玻璃微珠/环氧泡沫复合材料压缩及弯曲力学性能[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(4):74-81.TIAN A P,YU W,LI D J.Compressive and flexural mechanical properties of foam Al-HGM/epoxy foam composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2013,30(4):74-81(in Chinese).
[7]余兴泉,何德.泡沫金属-高分子聚合物的复合体机械阻尼性能研究[J].功能材料,1996,27(2):171-175.YU X Q,HE D.Research on the mechanical damping properties of the compound of metallic foam and polymer[J].Journal of Functional Materials,1996,27(2):171-175(in Chinese).
[8]LIU Y C,YANG G C,LU Y L,et al.Damping behavior and tribological properties of as-spray-deposited high silicon alloy ZA27[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1999,87(3):53-58.
[9]王志远,杨留栓.泡沫金属基高阻尼复合材料的研究进展[J].材料开发与应用,2004,19(3):38-40.WANG Z Y,YANG L S.Progress of high damping foam metal matrix composite[J].Development and Application of Materials,2004,19(3):38-40(in Chinese).
[10]徐平,杨昆,于英华.泡沫铝/环氧树脂复合材料阻尼性能的研究[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(16):110-112.XU P,YANG K,YU Y H.Research on damping property of foam aluminum-epoxy resin composite[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(16):110-112(in Chinese).
[11]王雁冰,黄志雄,石敏先,等.柔性环氧树脂复合材料的阻尼性能研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2007,29(8):14-18.WANG Y B,HUANG Z X,SHI M X,et al.Research on damping properties of flexible epoxy composites[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2007,29(8):14-18(in Chinese).
[12]曾尤,王函.纳米炭/环氧树脂复合材料黏弹阻尼性能[J].科技通报,2014,59(33):3232-3239.ZENG Y,WANG H.Viscoelastic damping of nanocarbon/epoxy composites[J].Bulletin of Science and Technology,2014,59(33):3232-3239(in Chinese).
[13]KISHI H,KUWATA M,MATSUDA S,et al.Damping properties of thermoplastic-elastomer interleaved carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composite[J].Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(16):2517-2523.
[14]FEREIDOON A,KORDANI N,AHANGARI M G,et al.Damping augmentation of epoxy using carbon nanotubes[J].International Journal of Polymeric Materials,2011,60(1):11-26.
[15]樊序敏,顾轶卓,刘亚男,等.碳纳米管浸润剂对碳纤维/环氧树脂界面性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2012,29(4):17-22.FAN X M,GU Y Z,LIU Y N,et al.Effects of wetting agent containing carbon nanotubes on interfacial property of carbon fiber/epoxy resin[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2012,29(4):17-22(in Chinese).
[16]KHAN S U,LI C Y,SIDDIQUI N A,et al.Vibration damping characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced composites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J].Composites Science and Technology,2011,71(12):1486-1494.
[17]DONG L B,HOU F,LI Y,et al.Preparation of continuous carbon nanotube networks in carbon fiber/epoxy composite[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacture,2014,56(1):248-255.
[18]ATTHIPALLI G,EPUR R,KUMTA P N,et al.The effect of temperature on the growth of carbon nanotubes on copper foil using a nickel thin film as catalyst[J].Thin Solid Films,2011,519(16):5371-5375.
[19]DU C S,PAN N.CVD growth of carbon nanotubes directly on nickel substrate[J].Materials Letters,2005,59(13):1678-1682.
[20]CHAI S P,ZEIN S H S,MOHAMED A R.Synthesizing carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers over supported nickel oxide catalysts via catalytic decomposition of methane[J].Diamond and Related Materials,2007,16(8):1656-1664.
[21]AVDEEVA L B,GONCHAROVA O V,KOCHU-BEY D I,et al.Co precipitated Ni-alumina and Ni-Cu-alumina catalysts of methane decomposition and carbon deposition II:Evolution of the catalysts in reaction[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,1996,141(1-2):117-129.
[22]CHEN J L,LI Y D,LI Z Q,et al.Production of COx-free hydrogen and nano-carbon by direct decomposition of undiluted methane on Ni-Cu-alumina catalysts[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,2004,269(1-2):179-186.
[23]URBONAITE S,HALLDAHL L,SVENSSON G.Raman spectroscopy studies of carbide derived carbons[J].Carbon,2008,46(14):1942-1947.
[24]THOSTENSON E T,LI W Z,WANG D Z,et al.Carbon nanotube/carbon fiber hybrid multiscale composites[J].Applied Physics,2002,91(9):6034-6037.
[25]SAGER R J,KLEIN P J,LAGOUDAS D C,et al.Effect of carbon nanotubes on the interfacial shear strength of T650carbon fiber in an epoxy matrix[J].Composite Science and Technology,2009,69(7-8):898-904.
[26]ZHANG F H,WANG R G,HE X D,et al.Interfacial shearing strength and reinforcing mechanisms of an epoxy composite reinforced using a carbon nanotube/carbon fiber hybrid[J].Journal of Materials Science,2009,44(13):3574-3577.
[27]QIAN H,BISMARCK A,GREENHALGH E S,et al.Carbon nanotube grafted carbon fibres:A study of wetting and fibre fragmentation[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacture,2010,41(9):1107-1114.
[28]TSANTZALIS S,KARAPAPPAS P,VAVOULI-OTIS A,et al.Enhancement of the mechanical performance of an epoxy resin and fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites by the introduction of CNF and PZT particles at the microscale[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacture,2007,38(4):1076-1081.
[29]GU J H,ZHANG X N,GU M Y,et al.Internal friction peak and damping mechanism in high damping 6061Al/SiCP/Gr hybrid metal matrix composite[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2004,372(1-2):304-308.
[30]BURAVALLA V R,REMILLAT C,RONGONG J A.Advances in damping materials and technology[J].Smart Materials Bulletin,2001,2001(8):10-13.
[31]过梅丽.高聚物与复合材料的动态力学热分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002:140-144.GUO M L.Dynamic mechanical analysis of high polymers and composites[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2002:140-144(in Chinese).
[2]常冠军.黏弹性阻尼材料[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2012:3-5.CHANG G J.Viscoelastic damping material[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2012:3-5(in Chinese).
[3]倪楠楠,温月芳,贺德龙,等.结构-阻尼复合材料研究进展[J].材料工程,2015,43(6):90-101.NI N N,WEN Y F,HE D L,et al.Process on the research of structure-damping composites[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2015,43(6):90-101(in Chinese).
[4]DUKHAN N,REYESS N,HADLEY J.Characterization of aluminum foam-polypropylene interpenetrating phase composites:Flexural test results[J].Mechanics of Materials,2010,42(2):134-141.
[5]谢卫红,杜红涛,李顺才.聚氨酯泡沫铝复合材料动态力学实验[J].复合材料学报,2011,28(3):103-108.XIE W H,DU H T,LI S C.Experimental study on dynamic mechanical performance of polyurethane aluminum foams composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2011,28(3):103-108(in Chinese).
[6]田爱平,余为,李东杰.泡沫铝-空心玻璃微珠/环氧泡沫复合材料压缩及弯曲力学性能[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(4):74-81.TIAN A P,YU W,LI D J.Compressive and flexural mechanical properties of foam Al-HGM/epoxy foam composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2013,30(4):74-81(in Chinese).
[7]余兴泉,何德.泡沫金属-高分子聚合物的复合体机械阻尼性能研究[J].功能材料,1996,27(2):171-175.YU X Q,HE D.Research on the mechanical damping properties of the compound of metallic foam and polymer[J].Journal of Functional Materials,1996,27(2):171-175(in Chinese).
[8]LIU Y C,YANG G C,LU Y L,et al.Damping behavior and tribological properties of as-spray-deposited high silicon alloy ZA27[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1999,87(3):53-58.
[9]王志远,杨留栓.泡沫金属基高阻尼复合材料的研究进展[J].材料开发与应用,2004,19(3):38-40.WANG Z Y,YANG L S.Progress of high damping foam metal matrix composite[J].Development and Application of Materials,2004,19(3):38-40(in Chinese).
[10]徐平,杨昆,于英华.泡沫铝/环氧树脂复合材料阻尼性能的研究[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(16):110-112.XU P,YANG K,YU Y H.Research on damping property of foam aluminum-epoxy resin composite[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(16):110-112(in Chinese).
[11]王雁冰,黄志雄,石敏先,等.柔性环氧树脂复合材料的阻尼性能研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2007,29(8):14-18.WANG Y B,HUANG Z X,SHI M X,et al.Research on damping properties of flexible epoxy composites[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2007,29(8):14-18(in Chinese).
[12]曾尤,王函.纳米炭/环氧树脂复合材料黏弹阻尼性能[J].科技通报,2014,59(33):3232-3239.ZENG Y,WANG H.Viscoelastic damping of nanocarbon/epoxy composites[J].Bulletin of Science and Technology,2014,59(33):3232-3239(in Chinese).
[13]KISHI H,KUWATA M,MATSUDA S,et al.Damping properties of thermoplastic-elastomer interleaved carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composite[J].Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(16):2517-2523.
[14]FEREIDOON A,KORDANI N,AHANGARI M G,et al.Damping augmentation of epoxy using carbon nanotubes[J].International Journal of Polymeric Materials,2011,60(1):11-26.
[15]樊序敏,顾轶卓,刘亚男,等.碳纳米管浸润剂对碳纤维/环氧树脂界面性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2012,29(4):17-22.FAN X M,GU Y Z,LIU Y N,et al.Effects of wetting agent containing carbon nanotubes on interfacial property of carbon fiber/epoxy resin[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2012,29(4):17-22(in Chinese).
[16]KHAN S U,LI C Y,SIDDIQUI N A,et al.Vibration damping characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced composites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J].Composites Science and Technology,2011,71(12):1486-1494.
[17]DONG L B,HOU F,LI Y,et al.Preparation of continuous carbon nanotube networks in carbon fiber/epoxy composite[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacture,2014,56(1):248-255.
[18]ATTHIPALLI G,EPUR R,KUMTA P N,et al.The effect of temperature on the growth of carbon nanotubes on copper foil using a nickel thin film as catalyst[J].Thin Solid Films,2011,519(16):5371-5375.
[19]DU C S,PAN N.CVD growth of carbon nanotubes directly on nickel substrate[J].Materials Letters,2005,59(13):1678-1682.
[20]CHAI S P,ZEIN S H S,MOHAMED A R.Synthesizing carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers over supported nickel oxide catalysts via catalytic decomposition of methane[J].Diamond and Related Materials,2007,16(8):1656-1664.
[21]AVDEEVA L B,GONCHAROVA O V,KOCHU-BEY D I,et al.Co precipitated Ni-alumina and Ni-Cu-alumina catalysts of methane decomposition and carbon deposition II:Evolution of the catalysts in reaction[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,1996,141(1-2):117-129.
[22]CHEN J L,LI Y D,LI Z Q,et al.Production of COx-free hydrogen and nano-carbon by direct decomposition of undiluted methane on Ni-Cu-alumina catalysts[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,2004,269(1-2):179-186.
[23]URBONAITE S,HALLDAHL L,SVENSSON G.Raman spectroscopy studies of carbide derived carbons[J].Carbon,2008,46(14):1942-1947.
[24]THOSTENSON E T,LI W Z,WANG D Z,et al.Carbon nanotube/carbon fiber hybrid multiscale composites[J].Applied Physics,2002,91(9):6034-6037.
[25]SAGER R J,KLEIN P J,LAGOUDAS D C,et al.Effect of carbon nanotubes on the interfacial shear strength of T650carbon fiber in an epoxy matrix[J].Composite Science and Technology,2009,69(7-8):898-904.
[26]ZHANG F H,WANG R G,HE X D,et al.Interfacial shearing strength and reinforcing mechanisms of an epoxy composite reinforced using a carbon nanotube/carbon fiber hybrid[J].Journal of Materials Science,2009,44(13):3574-3577.
[27]QIAN H,BISMARCK A,GREENHALGH E S,et al.Carbon nanotube grafted carbon fibres:A study of wetting and fibre fragmentation[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacture,2010,41(9):1107-1114.
[28]TSANTZALIS S,KARAPAPPAS P,VAVOULI-OTIS A,et al.Enhancement of the mechanical performance of an epoxy resin and fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites by the introduction of CNF and PZT particles at the microscale[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacture,2007,38(4):1076-1081.
[29]GU J H,ZHANG X N,GU M Y,et al.Internal friction peak and damping mechanism in high damping 6061Al/SiCP/Gr hybrid metal matrix composite[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2004,372(1-2):304-308.
[30]BURAVALLA V R,REMILLAT C,RONGONG J A.Advances in damping materials and technology[J].Smart Materials Bulletin,2001,2001(8):10-13.
[31]过梅丽.高聚物与复合材料的动态力学热分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002:140-144.GUO M L.Dynamic mechanical analysis of high polymers and composites[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2002:140-144(in Chinese).