东中国海秋季三维环流诊断计算分析
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摘要
基于2000年秋季东中国海水文观测资料,应用三维有限元模式FEOM(Finite Element Ocean circulation Model),在温盐保持不变的情况下进行诊断计算100 d,模拟结果再现了环流的主要特征:由于海表面风的影响,秋季东中国海表层的环流以西南向流为主,在10m深以下由于风的影响减弱环流特征比较清晰完整。黄海北部出现一个气旋式涡旋,10m层流速大小为5 cm/s左右;浙闽沿岸流从表层到50～60m深都是存在的,流速基本不变;台湾暖流在10m层流速较大,且向陆架方向入侵明显,但是越向下越不明显,流速也有所减小。诊断计算60d后的后报计算结果显示,松弛尺度为5d可以更好地消除资料的不匹配。因此最终在诊断计算60d后开展了松弛时间为5d的40d的强诊断计算,强诊断模拟结果显示:强诊断计算能更好的模拟东中国海环流结构,相较于诊断计算,表层流速有所减弱,10 m层流速有所加强,各层流向强诊断计算和诊断计算基本一致。
Using hydrological data observed in the East China Sea during October 2000, the three-dimensional finite model FEOM(Finite Element Ocean Circulation Model) was run diagnostically for 100 days with temperature and salinity remaining unchanged. The simulation results reproduced the main characteristics of the circulation as follows: Due to the influence of wind, the circulation is dominated by the southwestward current at the sea surface.With weakening influence of wind, the circulation characteristics become clearer and more complete at depths below 10 m. There is a cyclonic eddy in the northern part of the Yellow Sea, and its speed is about 5 cm/s at a depth of 10 m. The Zhejiang-Fujian coastal current always exists from the surface to the 50-60 m level, its velocity being stable with depth. The Taiwan Warm Current intrudes into the continental shelf with a greater velocity at a depth of 10 m, weakening at deeper levels. The prognostic simulation following the 60-day diagnostic spin-up showed that the adjustment process to remove small-scale noise seems very fast with a timescale of 5 days. Therefore, the strong diagnostic simulation was performed for 40 days with a relaxing timescale of 5 days following the 60-day diagnostic spin-up. The strong diagnostic simulation is shown to reproduce the circulation structure of the East China Sea very well. Comparing the strong diagnostic simulation with the diagnostic one, the current becomes slightly weaker at the sea surface but slightly stronger at a depth of 10 m, while the flow direction almost keeps unchanged at all levels.
Using hydrological data observed in the East China Sea during October 2000, the three-dimensional finite model FEOM(Finite Element Ocean Circulation Model) was run diagnostically for 100 days with temperature and salinity remaining unchanged. The simulation results reproduced the main characteristics of the circulation as follows: Due to the influence of wind, the circulation is dominated by the southwestward current at the sea surface.With weakening influence of wind, the circulation characteristics become clearer and more complete at depths below 10 m. There is a cyclonic eddy in the northern part of the Yellow Sea, and its speed is about 5 cm/s at a depth of 10 m. The Zhejiang-Fujian coastal current always exists from the surface to the 50-60 m level, its velocity being stable with depth. The Taiwan Warm Current intrudes into the continental shelf with a greater velocity at a depth of 10 m, weakening at deeper levels. The prognostic simulation following the 60-day diagnostic spin-up showed that the adjustment process to remove small-scale noise seems very fast with a timescale of 5 days. Therefore, the strong diagnostic simulation was performed for 40 days with a relaxing timescale of 5 days following the 60-day diagnostic spin-up. The strong diagnostic simulation is shown to reproduce the circulation structure of the East China Sea very well. Comparing the strong diagnostic simulation with the diagnostic one, the current becomes slightly weaker at the sea surface but slightly stronger at a depth of 10 m, while the flow direction almost keeps unchanged at all levels.
引文
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[3]朱建荣,丁平兴,朱首贤.黄海、东海夏季环流的数值模拟[J].海洋学报,2002(s1):124-134.ZHU Jianrong, DING Pingxing, ZHU Shouxian. Numerical simulation of the circulation in the Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea in summertime[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2002(s1):124-134.
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[9]赵瑞祥,刘志亮.台湾东北部黑潮表层水人侵东海陆架的季节变化规律[J].海洋科学,2015, 39(7):118-123.ZHAO Ruixiang, LIU Zhiliang. The seasonal variability of the Kuroshio surface water intrusion onto the East China Sea continental shelf derived from Argos drifter data[J]. Marine Sciences, 2015, 39(7):118-123.
[10]张松,于非,刁新源,等.渤、黄、东海海表面温度年际变化特征分析[J].海洋科学,2009, 33(8):76-81.ZHANG Song, YU Fei, DIAO Xing-yuan, et al. The characteristic analysis on sea surface temperature interannual variation in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea[J]. Marine Sciences, 2009, 33(8):76-81.
[11]王惠群,袁耀初,管卫兵,等.用广义随底坐标海洋模式研究南海2000年夏季环流[J].海洋学报,2003,25(6):20-30.WANG Huiqun, YUAN Yaochu, GUAN Weibing, et al.A study of the circulation in the South China Sea during the summer of 2000 using a generalized terrain following ocean model[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2003,25(6):20-30.
[12]Wunsch C. The North Atlantic general circulation west of 50°W determined by inverse methods[J]. Reviews of Geophysics,1978, 16(4):583-620.
[13]Danilov S,Kivman G, Schroter J. A finite-element ocean model:principles and evaluation[J]. Ocean Modelling,2004, 6(2):125-150.
[14]Wang Q,Danilov S, Schr6ter J. Finite element oceancirculation model based on triangular prismatic elements, with application in studying the effect of topography representation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, 2008, 113(C5):C05015.
[15]Pacanowski R C, Philander S G H. Parameterization of Vertical Mixing in Numerical Models of the Tropical Oceans'[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography,1981,11(11):1443-1451.
[16]Smith N R, Dale Hess G. A Comparison of Vertical Eddy Mixing Parameterizations for Equatorial Ocean Models[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2010,23(8):1823-1830.
[2]YUAN Yaochu, SU Jilan, PAN Ziqin. Volume and heat transports of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea in1989[J]. Lamer,1992, 30:251-262.
[3]朱建荣,丁平兴,朱首贤.黄海、东海夏季环流的数值模拟[J].海洋学报,2002(s1):124-134.ZHU Jianrong, DING Pingxing, ZHU Shouxian. Numerical simulation of the circulation in the Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea in summertime[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2002(s1):124-134.
[4]苏纪兰.中国近海的环流动力机制研究[J].海洋学报,2001, 23(4):1-16.SU Jilan. A review of circulation dynamics of the coastal oceans near China[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2001,23(4):1-16.
[5]鲍献文,林霄沛,吴德星,等.东海陆架环流季节变化的模拟与分析[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)自然科学版,2005, 35(3):349-356.BAO Xianwen, LIN Xiaopei, WU Dexing, et al. Simulation and Analysis of Shelf Circulation and Its Seasonal Variability in the East China Sea[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2005, 35(3):349-356.
[6]连展,魏泽勋,王永刚,等.中国近海环流数值模拟研究综述[J].海洋科学进展,2009, 27(2):250-265.LIAN Zhan, WEI Zexun, WANG Yonggang, et al.Overview of Numerical Studies on the China Adjacent Seas[J]. Advances in Marine Science, 2009, 27(2):250-265.
[7]BAI Xuezhi, HU Dunxin. A numerical study on seasonal variations of the Taiwan Warm Current[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2004, 22(3):278-285.
[8]汤毓祥,邹娥梅,李兴宰,等.南黄海环流的若干特征[J].海洋学报,2000,22(1):1-16.Tang Yuxiang, Zou Emei, Li Xingzai, et al. Some features of circulation in the southern Huanghai Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2000, 22(1):1-16.
[9]赵瑞祥,刘志亮.台湾东北部黑潮表层水人侵东海陆架的季节变化规律[J].海洋科学,2015, 39(7):118-123.ZHAO Ruixiang, LIU Zhiliang. The seasonal variability of the Kuroshio surface water intrusion onto the East China Sea continental shelf derived from Argos drifter data[J]. Marine Sciences, 2015, 39(7):118-123.
[10]张松,于非,刁新源,等.渤、黄、东海海表面温度年际变化特征分析[J].海洋科学,2009, 33(8):76-81.ZHANG Song, YU Fei, DIAO Xing-yuan, et al. The characteristic analysis on sea surface temperature interannual variation in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea[J]. Marine Sciences, 2009, 33(8):76-81.
[11]王惠群,袁耀初,管卫兵,等.用广义随底坐标海洋模式研究南海2000年夏季环流[J].海洋学报,2003,25(6):20-30.WANG Huiqun, YUAN Yaochu, GUAN Weibing, et al.A study of the circulation in the South China Sea during the summer of 2000 using a generalized terrain following ocean model[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2003,25(6):20-30.
[12]Wunsch C. The North Atlantic general circulation west of 50°W determined by inverse methods[J]. Reviews of Geophysics,1978, 16(4):583-620.
[13]Danilov S,Kivman G, Schroter J. A finite-element ocean model:principles and evaluation[J]. Ocean Modelling,2004, 6(2):125-150.
[14]Wang Q,Danilov S, Schr6ter J. Finite element oceancirculation model based on triangular prismatic elements, with application in studying the effect of topography representation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, 2008, 113(C5):C05015.
[15]Pacanowski R C, Philander S G H. Parameterization of Vertical Mixing in Numerical Models of the Tropical Oceans'[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography,1981,11(11):1443-1451.
[16]Smith N R, Dale Hess G. A Comparison of Vertical Eddy Mixing Parameterizations for Equatorial Ocean Models[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2010,23(8):1823-1830.