南京市和苏州市大气黑碳气溶胶污染特征比对研究
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摘要
利用黑碳仪在南京和苏州两市开展大气黑碳气溶胶的外场观测,分析其季节变化和日变化特征,结果表明,2013全年苏州市黑碳浓度高于南京市,苏州市黑碳污染更为严重。通过分析风速风向对黑碳气溶胶的影响,在静稳天气形势下黑碳浓度较高,受西北方向的污染气团传输影响较大。同时对黑碳气溶胶与主要气态污染物相关关系研究,表明两市城区大气黑碳污染受机动车尾气排放影响。
This paper analyzed the seasonal and dial variations of black carbon(BC) aerosol in Nanjing and Suzhou based on the real-time and on-line measurements of seven-wavelength Aethalometer in this two cities.. The results show that the concentration of black carbon aerosol observed in Suzhou was higher than that of black carbon concentration of Nanjing in 2013. Trough analyzing the effects of wind speed and wind direction, it is concluded that BC concentration was higher in the stable and quiet weather, and was affected by the polluted air mass from northwest. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis between BC aerosol concentration and the major gaseous pollutants indicated that BC in the two city were mainly affected by the motor vehicle exhaust emissions.
This paper analyzed the seasonal and dial variations of black carbon(BC) aerosol in Nanjing and Suzhou based on the real-time and on-line measurements of seven-wavelength Aethalometer in this two cities.. The results show that the concentration of black carbon aerosol observed in Suzhou was higher than that of black carbon concentration of Nanjing in 2013. Trough analyzing the effects of wind speed and wind direction, it is concluded that BC concentration was higher in the stable and quiet weather, and was affected by the polluted air mass from northwest. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis between BC aerosol concentration and the major gaseous pollutants indicated that BC in the two city were mainly affected by the motor vehicle exhaust emissions.
引文
[1] 章秋英, 牛生杰, 沈建国, 等. 半干旱区冬春季黑碳气溶胶吸收特性的观测研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2009, 29(1): 184-187.
[2] 罗运阔, 陈尊裕, 张秩男, 等. 中国南部四背景地区春季大气碳质气溶胶特征与来源[J]. 中国环境科学, 2010, 30(11): 1543-1549.
[3] Koch D, Del G A D. Black carbon semi-direct effects on cloud cover: review and synthesis [J]. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2010,10: 7685-7696.
[4] Mordukhovich I, Wilker E, Suh H, et al. Black carbon exposure, oxidative stress genes, and blood pressure in a repeated-measures study.[J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2009, 117(11):1767-1772.
[5] Cooke W F, Liousse C, Cachier H, et al. Construction of a 1°×1° fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model[J]. Contemporary Longterm Care, 2010, 11(1):20-1.
[6] 张予燕,陆晓波,任兰,等.秸秆焚烧期间空气中细颗粒的组分特征[J].环境监控与预警, 2011,3(5):38-41.
[7] 吴兑. 新版《环境空气质量标准》热点污染物PM2.5监控策略的思考与建议[J].环境监控与预警, 2012,4(4):1-7.
[8] 徐昶, 沈建东, 叶辉, 等. 杭州黑碳气溶胶污染特性及来源研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,(12): 3026-3033.
[9] Schleicher N, Norra S, Fricker M, et al. Spatio-temporal variations of black carbon concentrations in the Megacity Beijing [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2013, 182(6): 392-401.
[10] 姚青, 蔡子颖, 韩素芹, 等. 天津城区秋冬季黑碳气溶胶观测与分析[J]. 环境化学, 2012, 31(3): 324-329.
[11] 肖秀珠, 刘鹏飞, 耿福海, 等. 上海市区和郊区黑碳气溶胶的观测对比[J]. 应用气象学报, 2011, 22(2): 158-168.
[12] 吴兑, 刘放汉, 梁延刚, 等. 粤港细粒子(PM2.5)污染导致能见度下降与灰霾天气形成的研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2012, 32(11): 2660-2669.
[13] 孙杰, 孙天乐, 何凌燕. 深圳市环境空气中黑碳气溶胶的污染特征研究[J]. 中国测试, 2012,(3): 8-11.
[14] 陈慧忠, 吴兑, 廖碧婷, 等. 东莞与帽峰山黑碳气溶胶浓度变化特征的对比[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(4): 605-612.
[15] 杜川利, 余兴, 李星敏, 等. 西安泾河夏季黑碳气溶胶及其吸收特性的观测研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(4): 613-622.
[16] 赵玉成, 德力格尔, 蔡永祥, 等. 西宁地区大气中黑碳气溶胶浓度的观测研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2008, 30(5): 789-794.
[17] 张磊, 张镭, 张丁玲, 等. 兰州远郊区黑碳气溶胶浓度特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2011, 31(8): 1248-1255.
[18] 邹强, 宋福明, 张晓华, 等.苏州市区能见度变化特征及影响因素分析[J].环境监控与预警, 2011,3(3):41-44.
[19] Streets D G, Yarber K F, Woo J H, et al. Biomass burning in Asia: annual and seasonal estimates and atmospheric emissions [J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2003, 17(4): 1759-1768.
[2] 罗运阔, 陈尊裕, 张秩男, 等. 中国南部四背景地区春季大气碳质气溶胶特征与来源[J]. 中国环境科学, 2010, 30(11): 1543-1549.
[3] Koch D, Del G A D. Black carbon semi-direct effects on cloud cover: review and synthesis [J]. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2010,10: 7685-7696.
[4] Mordukhovich I, Wilker E, Suh H, et al. Black carbon exposure, oxidative stress genes, and blood pressure in a repeated-measures study.[J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2009, 117(11):1767-1772.
[5] Cooke W F, Liousse C, Cachier H, et al. Construction of a 1°×1° fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model[J]. Contemporary Longterm Care, 2010, 11(1):20-1.
[6] 张予燕,陆晓波,任兰,等.秸秆焚烧期间空气中细颗粒的组分特征[J].环境监控与预警, 2011,3(5):38-41.
[7] 吴兑. 新版《环境空气质量标准》热点污染物PM2.5监控策略的思考与建议[J].环境监控与预警, 2012,4(4):1-7.
[8] 徐昶, 沈建东, 叶辉, 等. 杭州黑碳气溶胶污染特性及来源研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,(12): 3026-3033.
[9] Schleicher N, Norra S, Fricker M, et al. Spatio-temporal variations of black carbon concentrations in the Megacity Beijing [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2013, 182(6): 392-401.
[10] 姚青, 蔡子颖, 韩素芹, 等. 天津城区秋冬季黑碳气溶胶观测与分析[J]. 环境化学, 2012, 31(3): 324-329.
[11] 肖秀珠, 刘鹏飞, 耿福海, 等. 上海市区和郊区黑碳气溶胶的观测对比[J]. 应用气象学报, 2011, 22(2): 158-168.
[12] 吴兑, 刘放汉, 梁延刚, 等. 粤港细粒子(PM2.5)污染导致能见度下降与灰霾天气形成的研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2012, 32(11): 2660-2669.
[13] 孙杰, 孙天乐, 何凌燕. 深圳市环境空气中黑碳气溶胶的污染特征研究[J]. 中国测试, 2012,(3): 8-11.
[14] 陈慧忠, 吴兑, 廖碧婷, 等. 东莞与帽峰山黑碳气溶胶浓度变化特征的对比[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(4): 605-612.
[15] 杜川利, 余兴, 李星敏, 等. 西安泾河夏季黑碳气溶胶及其吸收特性的观测研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(4): 613-622.
[16] 赵玉成, 德力格尔, 蔡永祥, 等. 西宁地区大气中黑碳气溶胶浓度的观测研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2008, 30(5): 789-794.
[17] 张磊, 张镭, 张丁玲, 等. 兰州远郊区黑碳气溶胶浓度特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2011, 31(8): 1248-1255.
[18] 邹强, 宋福明, 张晓华, 等.苏州市区能见度变化特征及影响因素分析[J].环境监控与预警, 2011,3(3):41-44.
[19] Streets D G, Yarber K F, Woo J H, et al. Biomass burning in Asia: annual and seasonal estimates and atmospheric emissions [J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2003, 17(4): 1759-1768.