甜瓜植株和果实生长模型的拟合与分析
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摘要
【目的】拟合分析甜瓜植株和果实的生长发育模型,为甜瓜精细化和标准化栽培管理提供参考依据。【方法】连续观察甬甜5号甜瓜植株和果实的生长发育过程,使用Logistic方程分别对其地上部鲜重、叶面积、果长、果宽和果重的生长动态过程进行拟合,获得Logistic生长模型及生长特征参数,通过分析各性状的生长特征参数,划分甜瓜植株和果实的生长期。【结果】甜瓜不同生长指标的生长规律均符合S形生长曲线,拟合方程的决定系数(R~2)均≥0.976;定植天数与甜瓜各性状的相关系数(R)均≥0.988,达极显著水平(P<0.01);根据S形生长曲线和甜瓜生长特点可将甜瓜生长阶段划分为生长前期、速生期和生长后期,不同性状速生期的起始和持续时间存在差异。【结论】采用Logistic方程可准确拟合甜瓜的生长动态,并将甜瓜植株和果实的生长期划分为生长前期、速生期和生长后期,建议在甜瓜速生期加强肥水管理,以增加线性生长量,提高甜瓜产量和品质。
【Objective】The growth of melon plant and fruit were fitted and analyzed to provide reference for the refinement and standardized cultivation and management of melon.【Method】Continuous observation on growth and development of plant and fruit of Yongtian No.5 melon was conducted. The growth dynamic processes of aboveground fresh weight,leaf area,fruit length,fruit width,fruit weight were fitted by Logistic equation,and the Logistic growth model and growth characteristic parameters were obtained. The growth period of plants and fruits of melon was divided by analyzing the growth parameters of plant traits. 【Result】The results showed that the growth rhythms of various melon growth indexes were basically the same,which were consistent with the growth curve of S type,and the coefficient of determination(R~2)of the fitting equation was≥0.976. The correlation coefficient(R)between planting days and melon traits were≥0.988,reaching an extremely significant level(P<0.01). According to S growth curve and melon growth characteristics, melon growth stage could be divided into early growth stage, fast growing stage and late growth stage. The starting and stopping time, duration of different traits in the fast growth stage were different.【Conclusion】The growth equation of melon can be accurately fitted by Logistic equation. The melon plant and fruit growth stage can be divided into early growth stage, fast growing stage and late growth stage. The management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened during the fast growing stage to promote linear growth and improve the yield and quality of melon.
【Objective】The growth of melon plant and fruit were fitted and analyzed to provide reference for the refinement and standardized cultivation and management of melon.【Method】Continuous observation on growth and development of plant and fruit of Yongtian No.5 melon was conducted. The growth dynamic processes of aboveground fresh weight,leaf area,fruit length,fruit width,fruit weight were fitted by Logistic equation,and the Logistic growth model and growth characteristic parameters were obtained. The growth period of plants and fruits of melon was divided by analyzing the growth parameters of plant traits. 【Result】The results showed that the growth rhythms of various melon growth indexes were basically the same,which were consistent with the growth curve of S type,and the coefficient of determination(R~2)of the fitting equation was≥0.976. The correlation coefficient(R)between planting days and melon traits were≥0.988,reaching an extremely significant level(P<0.01). According to S growth curve and melon growth characteristics, melon growth stage could be divided into early growth stage, fast growing stage and late growth stage. The starting and stopping time, duration of different traits in the fast growth stage were different.【Conclusion】The growth equation of melon can be accurately fitted by Logistic equation. The melon plant and fruit growth stage can be divided into early growth stage, fast growing stage and late growth stage. The management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened during the fast growing stage to promote linear growth and improve the yield and quality of melon.
引文
陈波浪,吴海华,罗佳,郝丽娜,盛建东,齐晓晨,赵库.2016a.不同施肥组合下立架甜瓜干物质积累与养分吸收的分析模拟[J].西南农业学报,29(4):852-858.[Chen B L,Wu H H,Luo J,Hao L N,Sheng J D,Qi X C,Zhao K.2016a.Simulation of dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption of trellis-cultivated melon under different fertilizer combinations[J].Southwest China Journal of A-gricultural Sciences,29(4):852-858.]
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王怀松,张志斌,贺超兴,王耀林,周晓星.2002.网纹甜瓜果实发育规律的观察[J].中国西瓜甜瓜,(2):20-21.[Wang H S,Zhang Z B,He C X,Wang Y L,Zhou X X.2002.Observation on the fruit development of muskme-lon[J].Journal of China Watermelon and Melon,(2):20-21.]
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谢恒星,蔡焕杰,张振华,王加蓬.2009.基于主成分分析法的温室甜瓜生长方程研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,27(6):134-138.[Xie H X,Cai H J,Zhang Z H,Wang J P.2009.Research on muskmelon growth formula in greenhouse based on principal component analysis[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,27(6):134-138.]
袁昌梅,罗卫红,邰翔,张生飞,金亮,陈永山,卜崇兴,徐刚.2006a.温室网纹甜瓜干物质分配、产量形成与采收期模拟研究[J].中国农业科学,39(2):353-360.[Yuan C M,Luo W H,Tai X,Zhang S F,Jin L,Chen Y S,Bu C X,Xu G.2006a.Simulation of dry matter partitioning,yield formation and fruit harvest date of greenhouse muskmelon[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,39(2):353-360.]
袁昌梅,罗卫红,张生飞,戴剑锋,金亮.2005.温室网纹甜瓜发育模拟模型研究[J].园艺学报,32(2):262-267.[Yuan C M,Luo W H,Zhang S F,Dai J F,Jin L.2005.Simulation of the development of greenhouse muskmelon[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,32(2):262-267.]
袁昌梅,罗卫红,张生飞,金亮,倪纪恒,陈永山,戴剑锋,卜崇兴,徐刚.2006b.温室网纹甜瓜叶面积与光合生产模拟模型研究[J].南京农业大学学报,29(1):7-12.[Yuan CM,Luo W H,Zhang S F,Jin L,Ni J H,Chen Y S,Dai JF,Bu C X,Xu G.2006b.Simulation of leaf area and photosynthetic production of greenhouse muskmelon[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,29(1):7-12.]
张大龙,常毅博,李建明,张中典,潘铜华,杜清洁,郑刚.2014.大棚甜瓜蒸腾规律及其影响因子[J].生态学报,34(4):953-962.[Zhang D L,Chang Y B,Li J M,Zhang Z D,Pan T H,Du Q J,Zheng G.2014.The critical factors of transpiration on muskmelon in plastic greenhouse[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,34(4):953-962.]
张红,贺超兴,王怀松,张志斌,张显,伊鸿平,吴明珠.2009.温室甜瓜果实糖酸积累模拟模型研究[J].华北农学报,24(S):183-186.[Zhang H,He C X,Wang H S,Zhang ZB,Zhang X,Yi H P,Wu M Z.2009.Simulation model on the accumulation of sucrose citrate with temperature accumulative of melon fruit under protected cultivation[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,24(S):183-186.]
郑贺云,耿新丽,张翠环,姚军,再吐娜·买买提,廖新福.2017.甜瓜生长发育与糖组分梯度积累动态研究[J].江西农业学报,29(9):32-35.[Zheng H Y,Geng X L,Zhang C H,Yao J,Zaituna·Maimaiti,Liao X F.2017.Dynamic study on growth,development and sugar component gradient accumulation in melon[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,29(9):32-35.]
中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所.2000.中国西瓜甜瓜[M].北京:中国农业出版社.[Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS.2000.Watermelon and Melon of China[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.]
朱仁海,杨琪瑜,沈文瑛.1990.统计分析方法[M].北京:中国林业出版社.[Zhu R H,Yang Q Y,Shen W Y.1990.Statistical Analysis Method[M].Beijing:China Forestry Press.]
陈波浪,吴海华,罗佳,郝丽娜,盛建东,齐晓晨.2016b.土壤速效磷浓度对立架甜瓜生物量和磷素累积特征的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,34(4):153-158.[Chen B L,Wu H H,Luo J,Hao L N,Sheng J D,Qi X C.2016b.E-ffects of soil olsen P concentration on biomass and phosphorus accumulation characteristics of trellis-cultivated melon[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,34(4):153-158.]
李建明,邹志荣,刘迎春,王忠红.2006.温度与水分驱动的甜瓜幼苗生长形态模拟模型研究[J].农业工程学报,22(11):203-208.[Li J M,Zou Z R,Liu Y C,Wang Z H.2006.Temperature and water driven growth shape simulation and model of muskmelon seedlings[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,22(11):203-208.]
刘君,朱良其,黑银秀,刘灿,谢菲,何道根.2016.西兰花苗期生长模型的拟合和分析[J].浙江农业学报,28(12):2040-2046.[Liu J,Zhu L Q,Hei Y X,Liu C,Xie F,He D G.2016.Growth model fitting and analysis of broccoli seedlings[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,28(12):2040-2046.]
马二磊,臧全宇,宋革联,陈献丁,徐富华,朱绍军,黄芸萍,丁伟红,王毓洪,唐子立.2016.甜瓜甬甜5号植株和果实生长发育特性研究[J].浙江农业科学,57(3):318-321.[Ma E L,Zang Q Y,Song G L,Chen X D,Xu F H,Zhu S J,Huang Y P,Ding W H,Wang Y H,Tang Z L.2016.Study on the growth and development of plant and fruit of Yongtian No.5[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Science,57(3):318-321.]
王怀松,张志斌,贺超兴,王耀林,周晓星.2002.网纹甜瓜果实发育规律的观察[J].中国西瓜甜瓜,(2):20-21.[Wang H S,Zhang Z B,He C X,Wang Y L,Zhou X X.2002.Observation on the fruit development of muskme-lon[J].Journal of China Watermelon and Melon,(2):20-21.]
伍德林,毛罕平,李萍萍.2007.我国设施园艺作物生长模型研究进展[J].长江蔬菜,(2):36-40.[Wu D L,Mao H P,Li P P.2007.Progress on the growth model of horticultural crops in greenhouse in China[J].Journal of Changjiang Vegetables,(2):36-40.]
谢恒星,蔡焕杰,张振华,王加蓬.2009.基于主成分分析法的温室甜瓜生长方程研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,27(6):134-138.[Xie H X,Cai H J,Zhang Z H,Wang J P.2009.Research on muskmelon growth formula in greenhouse based on principal component analysis[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,27(6):134-138.]
袁昌梅,罗卫红,邰翔,张生飞,金亮,陈永山,卜崇兴,徐刚.2006a.温室网纹甜瓜干物质分配、产量形成与采收期模拟研究[J].中国农业科学,39(2):353-360.[Yuan C M,Luo W H,Tai X,Zhang S F,Jin L,Chen Y S,Bu C X,Xu G.2006a.Simulation of dry matter partitioning,yield formation and fruit harvest date of greenhouse muskmelon[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,39(2):353-360.]
袁昌梅,罗卫红,张生飞,戴剑锋,金亮.2005.温室网纹甜瓜发育模拟模型研究[J].园艺学报,32(2):262-267.[Yuan C M,Luo W H,Zhang S F,Dai J F,Jin L.2005.Simulation of the development of greenhouse muskmelon[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,32(2):262-267.]
袁昌梅,罗卫红,张生飞,金亮,倪纪恒,陈永山,戴剑锋,卜崇兴,徐刚.2006b.温室网纹甜瓜叶面积与光合生产模拟模型研究[J].南京农业大学学报,29(1):7-12.[Yuan CM,Luo W H,Zhang S F,Jin L,Ni J H,Chen Y S,Dai JF,Bu C X,Xu G.2006b.Simulation of leaf area and photosynthetic production of greenhouse muskmelon[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,29(1):7-12.]
张大龙,常毅博,李建明,张中典,潘铜华,杜清洁,郑刚.2014.大棚甜瓜蒸腾规律及其影响因子[J].生态学报,34(4):953-962.[Zhang D L,Chang Y B,Li J M,Zhang Z D,Pan T H,Du Q J,Zheng G.2014.The critical factors of transpiration on muskmelon in plastic greenhouse[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,34(4):953-962.]
张红,贺超兴,王怀松,张志斌,张显,伊鸿平,吴明珠.2009.温室甜瓜果实糖酸积累模拟模型研究[J].华北农学报,24(S):183-186.[Zhang H,He C X,Wang H S,Zhang ZB,Zhang X,Yi H P,Wu M Z.2009.Simulation model on the accumulation of sucrose citrate with temperature accumulative of melon fruit under protected cultivation[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,24(S):183-186.]
郑贺云,耿新丽,张翠环,姚军,再吐娜·买买提,廖新福.2017.甜瓜生长发育与糖组分梯度积累动态研究[J].江西农业学报,29(9):32-35.[Zheng H Y,Geng X L,Zhang C H,Yao J,Zaituna·Maimaiti,Liao X F.2017.Dynamic study on growth,development and sugar component gradient accumulation in melon[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,29(9):32-35.]
中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所.2000.中国西瓜甜瓜[M].北京:中国农业出版社.[Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS.2000.Watermelon and Melon of China[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.]
朱仁海,杨琪瑜,沈文瑛.1990.统计分析方法[M].北京:中国林业出版社.[Zhu R H,Yang Q Y,Shen W Y.1990.Statistical Analysis Method[M].Beijing:China Forestry Press.]