青贮饲料大麦新品种川农饲麦1号高产栽培方案研究
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摘要
为了明确新选育的饲料大麦品种川农饲麦1号作青贮用时的适宜收获时期及其栽培技术,采用4因素5水平二次回归通用旋转组合设计方法研究了播种密度(X_1)、播种期(X_2)、收割期(X_3)和氮肥用量(X_4)4个因素在成都种植时的最佳栽培技术模式。其鲜质量产量为目标函数Y(kg/667 m~2)的数学回归模型为:Y=2 172.172 1+104.449 7 X_1-276.310 1 X_2-76.485 3 X_3-64.818 1 X_4+3.789 9 X_1~2+42.680 7X_2~2-5.377 3 X_3~2+13.234 8 X_4~2+7.778 2 X_1X_2-105.005 2 X_1X_3-2.222 3 X_1X_4+27.223 6 X_2X_3+91.115 7 X_2X_4-23.890 1 X_3X_4。全株鲜质量产量大于3 500 kg/667 m~2时的农艺措施优化组合方案为:播种密度为9.89～11.32kg/667 m~2,播种期为10月24—26日,收割期为4月13—18日,氮肥用量为10.83～16.71 kg/667 m~2。在4个参试因素中,播种期对全株鲜质量产量的影响最大,其次是播种密度,氮肥施用量对全株鲜质量产量的影响最小。
Aiming to determine appropriate harvest dates and to optimize the cultivation mode of the newly bred silage feeding barley cultivar "Chuannongsimai 1", this study assessed the effects of four variables(X_1, seeding density; X_2, sowing date; X_3, harvest date,and X_4, nitrogen application rate) on the fresh weight yield of the whole plant of this cultivar grown in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China. The study adopted the second order regression current rotation design, testing each variable at five levels. The mathematical regression model, in which the fresh weight yield(Y, kg/667 m~2) is the objective function, is as follows: Y=2172.172 1+104.449 7 X_1-276.310 1 X_2-76.485 3 X_3-64.818 1 X_4+3.789 9 X_1~2+42.680 7 X_2~2-5.377 3 X_3~2+13.234 8 X_4~2+7.778 2 X_1 X_2-105.005 2 X_1 X_3-2.222 3 X_1 X_4+27.223 6 X_2 X_3+91.115 7 X_2 X_4-23.890 1 X_3 X_4. As a result, when the fresh weight yield of whole plant was >3500 kg/667 m~2,the optimal combination of agronomic measures was as follows: the seeding density of 9.89～11.32 kg/667 m~2, the sowing dates being during October 24—26, the harvest dates being during April 13—18, and nitrogen fertilizer application rate at 10.83 ～16.71 kg/667 m~2. Among the four variables, sowing date had the greatest impact on the fresh weight yield of whole plant, followed by seeding density, while nitrogen fertilizer application rate had the smallest effect on it. These results are instrumental in establishing standard cultivation techniques for this cultivar.
Aiming to determine appropriate harvest dates and to optimize the cultivation mode of the newly bred silage feeding barley cultivar "Chuannongsimai 1", this study assessed the effects of four variables(X_1, seeding density; X_2, sowing date; X_3, harvest date,and X_4, nitrogen application rate) on the fresh weight yield of the whole plant of this cultivar grown in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China. The study adopted the second order regression current rotation design, testing each variable at five levels. The mathematical regression model, in which the fresh weight yield(Y, kg/667 m~2) is the objective function, is as follows: Y=2172.172 1+104.449 7 X_1-276.310 1 X_2-76.485 3 X_3-64.818 1 X_4+3.789 9 X_1~2+42.680 7 X_2~2-5.377 3 X_3~2+13.234 8 X_4~2+7.778 2 X_1 X_2-105.005 2 X_1 X_3-2.222 3 X_1 X_4+27.223 6 X_2 X_3+91.115 7 X_2 X_4-23.890 1 X_3 X_4. As a result, when the fresh weight yield of whole plant was >3500 kg/667 m~2,the optimal combination of agronomic measures was as follows: the seeding density of 9.89～11.32 kg/667 m~2, the sowing dates being during October 24—26, the harvest dates being during April 13—18, and nitrogen fertilizer application rate at 10.83 ～16.71 kg/667 m~2. Among the four variables, sowing date had the greatest impact on the fresh weight yield of whole plant, followed by seeding density, while nitrogen fertilizer application rate had the smallest effect on it. These results are instrumental in establishing standard cultivation techniques for this cultivar.
引文
[1]叶燕萍.大麦不同播种密度和不同播种期叶面积动态及经济性状的表现[J].广西农学院学报,1991,10(3):45-50.
[2]陈松林,罗仕林,刘平,等.大麦播期与产量及产量构成因子关系的初步分析[J].作物研究,1993,7(3):21-25.
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[7]包海柱,徐寿军,吕二锁,等.内蒙古通辽地区播种期与密度对蒙啤麦3号大麦的产量效应分析[J].大麦与谷类科学,2016,33(4):29-31,49.
[8]周军,党爱华,张宝辉,等.不同播种时期对啤酒大麦垦啤麦13的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2018(4):123-126.
[9]董静,许甫超,秦丹丹,等.不同密度和播期对鄂大麦263产量相关性状的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2018,57(24):57-59.
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[11]王贤智,张京,葛双桃,等.不同密度和施氮量对鄂507产量相关性状的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2009,48(12):2959-2961.
[12]乔海龙,沈会权,陈和,等.施氮量和种植密度对苏啤4号产量性状的影响[J].大麦与谷类科学,2010(1):17-20.
[13]吕超,郭三红,王金华,等.播种密度对扬农啤5号茎蘖动态及产量的影响分析[J].大麦与谷类科学,2010(4):27-29.
[14]赖丽芳,郭天文,胡志桥,等.施磷对啤酒大麦产量及品质的影响[J].甘肃农业科技,2007(11):14-16.
[15]李长亚.高产优质饲料大麦的栽培技术及其生理机制研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2004.
[16]叶少平,罗小娇,王世茂,等.大麦新品系F0797高产栽培模式研究[J].大麦与谷类科学,2010(4):20-25.
[17]陈晓东,赵斌,季昌好,等.刈割期对多棱饲料大麦饲草及籽粒产量与品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(3):409-413.
[18]明道绪.高级生物统计[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:149-175.
[2]陈松林,罗仕林,刘平,等.大麦播期与产量及产量构成因子关系的初步分析[J].作物研究,1993,7(3):21-25.
[3]普晓英,曾亚文,杜娟,等.施氮量和播种期对优质啤酒大麦经济性状的影响[J].大麦科学,2005(4):27-31.
[4]许如根,李忠芹,吕超,等.大麦品种扬农啤4号优质高产栽培技术研究[J].江苏农业科学,2006(1):20-23.
[5]杜志钊,张志奇,陆瑞菊,等.不同播期、密度及施肥量对大麦新品种“海花1号”产量的影响[J].上海农业学报,2013,29(2):17-19.
[6]张新忠,徐肖,吕超,等.啤用大麦品种扬农啤10号高产栽培技术研究[J].大麦与谷类科学,2015(4):18-22.
[7]包海柱,徐寿军,吕二锁,等.内蒙古通辽地区播种期与密度对蒙啤麦3号大麦的产量效应分析[J].大麦与谷类科学,2016,33(4):29-31,49.
[8]周军,党爱华,张宝辉,等.不同播种时期对啤酒大麦垦啤麦13的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2018(4):123-126.
[9]董静,许甫超,秦丹丹,等.不同密度和播期对鄂大麦263产量相关性状的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2018,57(24):57-59.
[10]刘铁梅,邹薇,孙东发,等.优质啤酒大麦华大麦6号综合栽培措施的数学模型及优化方案[J].麦类作物学报,2007,27(4):725-730.
[11]王贤智,张京,葛双桃,等.不同密度和施氮量对鄂507产量相关性状的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2009,48(12):2959-2961.
[12]乔海龙,沈会权,陈和,等.施氮量和种植密度对苏啤4号产量性状的影响[J].大麦与谷类科学,2010(1):17-20.
[13]吕超,郭三红,王金华,等.播种密度对扬农啤5号茎蘖动态及产量的影响分析[J].大麦与谷类科学,2010(4):27-29.
[14]赖丽芳,郭天文,胡志桥,等.施磷对啤酒大麦产量及品质的影响[J].甘肃农业科技,2007(11):14-16.
[15]李长亚.高产优质饲料大麦的栽培技术及其生理机制研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2004.
[16]叶少平,罗小娇,王世茂,等.大麦新品系F0797高产栽培模式研究[J].大麦与谷类科学,2010(4):20-25.
[17]陈晓东,赵斌,季昌好,等.刈割期对多棱饲料大麦饲草及籽粒产量与品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(3):409-413.
[18]明道绪.高级生物统计[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:149-175.