加载速率和初始损伤对砂岩能量演化影响的试验研究
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摘要
为研究加载速率和初始损伤对砂岩能量演化特性的影响,通过预压使部分岩样产生初始损伤,并进行原始岩样和含初始损伤岩样不同加载速率下的单轴压缩试验,分析了砂岩试件加载速率和初始损伤影响下的能量演化特征。试验结果表明,预压产生的初始损伤较为真实地反应岩石内部随机分布的微裂隙损伤,声发射技术能较为准确地表征损伤量及其位置信息;加载速率的不同对弹性能演化过程基本无影响,但造成岩样破坏前积聚的最大弹性能增加;初始损伤的存在使弹性能增长较无损伤岩样变缓,破坏前积聚的最大弹性能减少;从能量耗散的角度建立了岩石损伤演化方程,验算结果表明基于能量耗散分析建立的岩石损伤演化方程可以很好地描述岩石的损伤演化过程。
To study the effect of loading rate and initial damage on the energy evolution characteristics of sandstone, the test of some rock samples initial damage by preloading, and the uniaxial compression tests of the original rock samples and the initial damaged rock samples with different loading rates are carried out to analyze the energy evolution characteristics of sandstone specimen under the influence of loading rate and initial damage. Experimental results have shown that the initial damage caused by the pre-pressure truly reflects the random distribution of micro-crack damage in rock; the acoustic emission technique can accurately characterize the damage and its position. Different loading rates have little effect on the evolution of the elastic properties, but the maximum elastic energy accumulated before the rock failure increases. Additionally, compared with original rock samples, the initial damage slows down the increase of elastic energy and reduces the maximum elastic energy accumulated before failure.Finally, the rock damage evolution equation is established from the perspective of energy dissipation,and the calculation results show that the damage evolution equation based on energy dissipation analysis can well describe the rock damage evolution process.
To study the effect of loading rate and initial damage on the energy evolution characteristics of sandstone, the test of some rock samples initial damage by preloading, and the uniaxial compression tests of the original rock samples and the initial damaged rock samples with different loading rates are carried out to analyze the energy evolution characteristics of sandstone specimen under the influence of loading rate and initial damage. Experimental results have shown that the initial damage caused by the pre-pressure truly reflects the random distribution of micro-crack damage in rock; the acoustic emission technique can accurately characterize the damage and its position. Different loading rates have little effect on the evolution of the elastic properties, but the maximum elastic energy accumulated before the rock failure increases. Additionally, compared with original rock samples, the initial damage slows down the increase of elastic energy and reduces the maximum elastic energy accumulated before failure.Finally, the rock damage evolution equation is established from the perspective of energy dissipation,and the calculation results show that the damage evolution equation based on energy dissipation analysis can well describe the rock damage evolution process.
引文
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[17]谢和平.岩石、混凝土损伤力学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1990:182-187.
[2]王磊,谢广祥.综采面推进速度对煤岩动力灾害的影响研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(1):70-74.WANG Lei,XIE Guangxiang.Influence of mining velocity on dynamic disasters in the coal and rock mass at a fully mechanized mining face[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2010,39(1):70-74.
[3]王家臣,王兆会.高强度开采工作面顶板动载冲击效应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):3987-3997.WANG Jiachen,WANG Zhaohui.Impact effect on dynamic load induced by roof in high-intensity mining face[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup 2):3987-3997.
[4]谭志祥,王宗胜,李运江,等.高强度综放开采地表沉陷规律实测研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(1):59-62.TAN Zhixiang,WANG Zongsheng,LI Yunjiang,et al.Field research on ground subsidence rules of intensive fully-mechanized mining by sublevel caving[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2008,25(1):59-62.
[5]曹安业,井广成,窦林名,等.不同加载速率下岩样损伤演化的声发射特征研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(6):923-928.CAO Anye,JING Guangcheng,DOU Linming,et al.Damage evolution law based on acoustic emission of sandy mudstone under different uniaxial loading rate[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(6):923-928.
[6]梁昌玉,李晓,王声星,等.岩石单轴压缩应力-应变特征的率相关性及能量机制试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(9):1830-1838.LIANG Changyu,LI Xiao,WANG Shengxing,et al.Experimental investigations on rate-dependent stressstrain characteristics and energy mechanism of rock under uniaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(9):1830-1838.
[7]姜耀东,李海涛,赵毅鑫,等.加载速率对能量积聚与耗散的影响[J].中国矿业大学学报,2014,43(3):369-373.JIANG Yaodong,LI Haitao,ZHAO Yixin,et al.Effect of loading rate on energy Accumulation and dissipation in rocks[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2014,43(3):369-373.
[8]张志镇,高峰.单轴压缩下红砂岩能量演化试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(5):953-962.ZHANG Zhizhen,GAO Feng.Experimental research on energy evolution of red sandstone samples under uniaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(5):953-962.
[9]张波,李术才,杨学英,等.含交叉多裂隙类岩石材料单轴压缩力学性能研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(9):1777-1785.ZHANG Bo,LI Shucai,YANG Xueying,et al.Mechanical property of rock-like material with intersecting multi-flaws under uniaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(9):1777-1785.
[10]李树忱,汪雷,李术才,等.不同倾角贯穿节理类岩石试件峰后变形破坏试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增刊2):3391-3395.LI Shuchen,WANG Lei,LI Shucai,et al.Post-peak deformation and failure experimental study of rock-like specimens with different inclination angles persistent joints[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(Sup 2):3391-3395.
[11]肖桃李,李新平,郭运华.三轴压缩条件下单裂隙岩石的破坏特性研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(11):3251-3256.XIAO Taoli,LI Xinping,GUO Yunhua.Experimental study of failure characteristic of single jointed rock mass under triaxial compression tests[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(11):3251-3256.
[12]肖桃李,李新平,贾善坡.含2条断续贯通预制裂隙岩样破坏特性的三轴压缩试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(12):2455-2462.XIAO Taoli,LI Xinping,JIA Shanpo.Failure characteristics of rock with two pre-existing transfixion cracks under triaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(12):2455-2462.
[13]李银平,王元汉,陈龙珠,等.含预制裂纹大理岩的压剪试验分析[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):120-124.LI Yinping,WANG Yuanhan,CHEN Longzhu,et al.Experimental research on pre-existing cracks in marble under compression[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(1):120-124.
[14]杨圣奇,戴永浩,韩立军,等.断续预制裂隙脆性大理岩变形破坏特性单轴压缩试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2391-2404.YANG Shengqi,DAI Yonghao,HAN Lijun,et al.Uniaxial compression experimental research on deformation and failure properties of brittle marble specimen with pre-existing fissures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(12):2391-2404.
[15]杨圣奇,吕朝辉,渠涛.含单个孔洞大理岩裂纹扩展细观试验和模拟[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(6):774-781.YANG Shengqi,LYU Chaohui,QU Tao.Investigations of crack expansion in marble having a single pre-existing hole:experiment and simulations[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2009,38(6):774-781.
[16]谢和平,鞠杨,黎立云.基于能量耗散与释放原理的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3003-3010.XIE Heping,JU Yang,LI Liyun.Criteria for strength and structural failure of rock based on energy dissipation and energy release principles[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(17):3003-3010.
[17]谢和平.岩石、混凝土损伤力学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1990:182-187.