网络文化时代笔名的商业化及其侵权标准判定
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摘要
笔名源自中国古代的"自号",然而事易时移,笔名由于命名规则、掌控规则和商业价值的形成等诸多原因,已经由人身符号逐步演变为具有财产价值的权利。尤其是在网络文学商业发展的大背景下,应对笔名属性及其侵权标准进行法律界定。在法律上对笔名的财产性质进行确认,建立以相似性为基础,混淆可能性为限定的笔名侵权标准。
Pseudonym, which originates from "alias" of ancient China, has gradually evolved from personal symbol to have some attributes of property with the evolution of the naming rules and regulations as well as its commercial value. It is essential to make an explicit legal definition of pseudonym not only concerning its nature but also the standard of its infringement. Based on the confirmation of pseudonym's legal definition, this research suggests that we should set up the standard of infringement which should be built on the theory of similarity and restricted by the theory of the likelihood of confusion.
Pseudonym, which originates from "alias" of ancient China, has gradually evolved from personal symbol to have some attributes of property with the evolution of the naming rules and regulations as well as its commercial value. It is essential to make an explicit legal definition of pseudonym not only concerning its nature but also the standard of its infringement. Based on the confirmation of pseudonym's legal definition, this research suggests that we should set up the standard of infringement which should be built on the theory of similarity and restricted by the theory of the likelihood of confusion.
引文
[1]张慧春.图书出版者权利的再认识--基于《著作权法》第三次修改的思考[J].中国出版,2012(19):50-53.
[2]程丽红.笔名与时代--晚清报人笔名探析(2005)[J].社会科学战线,2005(1):161-166.
[3]齐爱民.知识产权法总论[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010:126.
[4]FISHER I,EUGENE L F.How to live:rules for healthful living based on modern science[M].New York:Funk and Wagnalls Company,1919:26-27.
[5]陈娟.作家笔名的背后故事[J].东西南北,2013(18):24-25.
[6]王迁.著作权法[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015:149-150.
[7]刘家瑞.郑成思知识产权文集-版权与邻接权卷[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2017:228.
[8]朱谢群.郑成思知识产权文集-基本理论卷[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2017:142.
[9]郑成思.知识产权论[M].3版.北京:法律出版社,2007:51-54.
[10]余俊.商标法律进化论[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2011:175.
[11]王太平.商标法:原理与案例[M].2版.北京:北京大学出版社,2015:229-233.
[12]李明德.美国知识产权法[M].2版.北京:法律出版社,2014:567-571.
[13]李明德,等.欧盟知识产权法[M].北京:法律出版社,2010:492.
[14]BARTON BEEBE.An Empirical Study of the Multifactor Tests for Trademark Infringement[J].94Cal.L.Rev.2006:1611.
[15]齐爱民.电子商务法原论[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2010:48-49.
(1)上海艾瑞市场咨询有限公司发布的《2015中国网络文学IP价值研究报告》对2015年度网络文学作品的销售量及其在其他行业产生的市场价值进行了报道,指出网络文学的价值呈现了井喷式增长。
(2)郭德纲于微博发表声明,禁止其徒曹云金在日后演艺生涯中使用“云”字艺名,一时引发学术界艺名归属问题的争论。有学者指出解决这一问题的核心在于,对演员对艺名所拥有的权利是否等于姓名权以及该“云”字艺名的实际拥有者为何“人”进行论证。
(3)参见Camon Kabushiki Kaisha.v.Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc,Case C-39/97.
[2]程丽红.笔名与时代--晚清报人笔名探析(2005)[J].社会科学战线,2005(1):161-166.
[3]齐爱民.知识产权法总论[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010:126.
[4]FISHER I,EUGENE L F.How to live:rules for healthful living based on modern science[M].New York:Funk and Wagnalls Company,1919:26-27.
[5]陈娟.作家笔名的背后故事[J].东西南北,2013(18):24-25.
[6]王迁.著作权法[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015:149-150.
[7]刘家瑞.郑成思知识产权文集-版权与邻接权卷[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2017:228.
[8]朱谢群.郑成思知识产权文集-基本理论卷[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2017:142.
[9]郑成思.知识产权论[M].3版.北京:法律出版社,2007:51-54.
[10]余俊.商标法律进化论[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2011:175.
[11]王太平.商标法:原理与案例[M].2版.北京:北京大学出版社,2015:229-233.
[12]李明德.美国知识产权法[M].2版.北京:法律出版社,2014:567-571.
[13]李明德,等.欧盟知识产权法[M].北京:法律出版社,2010:492.
[14]BARTON BEEBE.An Empirical Study of the Multifactor Tests for Trademark Infringement[J].94Cal.L.Rev.2006:1611.
[15]齐爱民.电子商务法原论[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2010:48-49.
(1)上海艾瑞市场咨询有限公司发布的《2015中国网络文学IP价值研究报告》对2015年度网络文学作品的销售量及其在其他行业产生的市场价值进行了报道,指出网络文学的价值呈现了井喷式增长。
(2)郭德纲于微博发表声明,禁止其徒曹云金在日后演艺生涯中使用“云”字艺名,一时引发学术界艺名归属问题的争论。有学者指出解决这一问题的核心在于,对演员对艺名所拥有的权利是否等于姓名权以及该“云”字艺名的实际拥有者为何“人”进行论证。
(3)参见Camon Kabushiki Kaisha.v.Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc,Case C-39/97.