肌肉减少症与代谢综合征关系的研究进展
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摘要
肌肉减少症是一种渐进性、全身性的综合征,属于增龄性疾病,主要表现为骨骼肌体积减少,肌力下降和机能减退。肌肉减少症不仅是机体运动系统衰老的一个表现,也是全身病理生理状态的反应。骨骼肌不仅是人体的运动系统,同时也是机体不可或缺的物质代谢器官,参与机体的分泌和代谢过程,如葡萄糖、糖原、脂质代谢及分泌多种细胞因子等。代谢综合征是以肥胖、糖代谢异常或糖尿病、高血压和血脂异常为主,多种代谢性疾病并存的一组临床症候群。老人由于体力活动水平下降和机体代谢能力下降,发生肌肉减少症的几率大大增加,进而导致代谢性疾病如高血脂、高血压、糖尿病等老年疾病频发。两者都与人体老化、代谢能力的下降密切相关,均属于年龄相关性疾病,由于代谢综合征并不是指一种疾病,因此研究代谢综合征与肌肉减少症之间的关系,本质是研究相关疾病与肌肉减少症之间的关系,本文将从两种疾病共同的病理基础、代谢异常角度对两者之间的关系进行综述。
Sarcopenia is a progressive, systemic syndrome, which is an age-related disease, mainly manifests in the reduction of skeletal muscle mass, decreased muscle strength and function. Skeletal muscle is not only the movement system of human body, but also the body metabolism organ, which involves in the secretion and metabolism of the body, such as glucose, glycogen and lipid metabolism, secreting a variety of cytokines, etc. Metabolic syndrome is a group of clinical syndromes with multiple metabolic disease are mainly characterized by obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism or diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Due to physical activity levels falling and metabolism ability decreasing, the chance of muscle reduce disease has greatly increased in elder people, leading to metabolic diseases such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and other diseases of the elderly. The two diseases are both closely related to the declining ability of the human body aging, metabolism, and belong to age-related diseases. Because the metabolic syndrome is not a single disease, the research of the relationship between metabolic syndrome and reduce muscle diseases is truly studying the relationship between the related disease and reduce muscle disease. This article will interpret the relationship between the two diseases from both the common pathological basis and metabolic abnormality aspects.
Sarcopenia is a progressive, systemic syndrome, which is an age-related disease, mainly manifests in the reduction of skeletal muscle mass, decreased muscle strength and function. Skeletal muscle is not only the movement system of human body, but also the body metabolism organ, which involves in the secretion and metabolism of the body, such as glucose, glycogen and lipid metabolism, secreting a variety of cytokines, etc. Metabolic syndrome is a group of clinical syndromes with multiple metabolic disease are mainly characterized by obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism or diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Due to physical activity levels falling and metabolism ability decreasing, the chance of muscle reduce disease has greatly increased in elder people, leading to metabolic diseases such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and other diseases of the elderly. The two diseases are both closely related to the declining ability of the human body aging, metabolism, and belong to age-related diseases. Because the metabolic syndrome is not a single disease, the research of the relationship between metabolic syndrome and reduce muscle diseases is truly studying the relationship between the related disease and reduce muscle disease. This article will interpret the relationship between the two diseases from both the common pathological basis and metabolic abnormality aspects.
引文
1.帅波,沈霖,杨艳萍,等.武汉地区中老年男性肌肉减少症与骨密度的相关性.中华骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病杂志.2016;9(3):257-263.
2.Sarcopenia IWGO.Sarcopenia:an undiagnosed condition in older adults.Current consensus definition:prevalence,etiology,and consequences.International working group on sarcopenia.J Am Med Dir Assoc.2011;12(4):249-256.
3.洪维,朱晓颖,程群,等.老年髋部骨折患者肌肉减少症与骨密度的关系.中华骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病杂志.2014;7(2):106-111.
4.Pedersen BK,Febbraio MA.Muscles,exercise and obesity:skeletal muscle as a secretory organ.Nat Rev Endocrinol.2012;8(8):457-465.
5.Fernandez-Quintela A,Churruca I,Portillo MP.The role of dietary fat in adipose tissue metabolism.Public Health Nutrition.2007;10(10):1126-1131.
6.Buford TW,Anton SD,Judge AR,et al.Models of accelerated sarcopenia:critical pieces for solving the puzzle of age-related muscle atrophy.Ageing Res Rev.2010;9(4):369-383.
7.Pasiakos SM,Vislocky LM,Carbone JW,et al.Acute energy deprivation affects skeletal muscle protein synthesis and associated intracellular signaling proteins in physically active adults.J Nutr.2010;140(4):745-751.
8.Ali S,Garcia JM.Sarcopenia,cachexia and aging:diagnosis,mechanisms and therapeutic options-amini-review.Gerontology.2014;60(4):294-305.
9.韩佩佩,郭琪,潘翔.老年人肌肉衰减综合征的诊断标准与运动疗法.中国康复医学杂志.2015;16(6):415-416.
10.Landi F,Liperoti R,Fusco D,et al.Prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia among nursing home older residents.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.2012;67(1):48-55.
11.Cheng Q,Zhu X,Zhang X,et al.A cross-sectional study of loss of muscle mass corresponding to sarcopenia In healthy Chinese men and women:reference values,prevalence,and association with bone mass.J Bone Miner Metab.2014;32(1):78-88.
12.卢艳敏,陈强谱.肌肉减少症的诊断及治疗.中华临床医师杂志(电子版).2014;8(24):114-118.
13.Beaudart C,Reginster JY,Petermans J,et al.Quality of life and physical components linked to sarcopenia:the sarcoPhAge study.Exp Gerontol.2015;69:103-110.
14.杨丽梅.代谢综合征的危害及其综合干预.中国民康医学.2012;24(5):583-586.
15.陈素娟,林瑶.老年人群代谢综合征危险因素相关性分析.中国老年学.2011;31(24):4900-4901.
16.Gu DF,Reynolds K,Wu XG,et al.Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and overweight among adults in China.Lancet.2005;365(9468):1398-1405.
17.汪明芳,王丽娟,任姗姗,等.糖尿病患者的营养评价及其少肌症发生的影响因素.中华临床营养杂志.2015;25(5):271-277.
18.Kim KS,Park KS,Kim MJ,et al.Type 2 diabetes is associated with low muscle mass in older adults.Geriatr Gerontol Int.2014;14(S1):115-121.
19.Leenders M,Verdijk LB,vander Hoeven L,et al.Patients with type2 diabete show a greater decline in muscle mass,muscle strength,and functional capacity with aging.J Am Med Dir Assoc.2013;14:585-592.
20.Cruz-Jentoft AJ,Baeyens JP,Bauer JM,et al.Sarcopenia:European consensus on definition and diagnosis:report of the European working group on Sarcopenia in older people.Age Ageing.2010;39(4):412-423.
21.Perkisas S,Vandewoude M.Where frailty meets diabetes.Diabetes Metab Res Rev.2016;32(1)261-267.
22.Kalyani RR,Metter EJ,Egan J,et al.Hyperglycemia predicts persistently lower muscle strength with aging.Diabetes Care.2015;38(1):82-90.
23.Momma H,Niu K,Kobayashi Y,et al.Skin advanced glycation end product accumulation and muscle strength among adult men.Eur JAppl Physiol.2011;111:1545-1552.
24.Semba RD,Bandinelli S,Sun K,et al.Relationship of an advanced glycation end product,plasma carboxymethyl-lysine,with slow walking speed in older adults:the InCHIANTI study.Eur J Appl Physiol.2010;108(1):191-195.
25.Halvatsiotis P,Short KR,Bigelow M,et al.Synthesis rate of muscle proteins,muscle functions,and amino acid kinetics in type 2diabetes.Diabetes.2002;51(8):2395-2404.
26.Gougeon R,Morais JA,Chevalier S,et al.Determinants of wholebody protein metabolism in subjects with and without type 2diabetes.Diabetes Care.2008;31(1):128-133.
27.Wen MJ,Hsieh CH,Wu CZ,et al.The adipokines and inflammatory marker in young type 2 diabetics with metabolic syndrome:a pilot study.Obes Res Clin Pract.2013;7(3):206-210.
28.范利,王蓉,胡亦新.肌肉减少症与炎性细胞因子的研究进展.中华保健医学杂志.2014;16(6):491-492,496.
29.Glass DJ.Signaling pathways perturbing muscle mass.Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care.2010;13(3):225-229.
30.Alexandraki K,Piperi C,Kalofoutis C,et al.Inflammatory process in type 2 diabetes:the role of cytokines.Ann N Y Acad Sci.2006;1084:89-117.
31.Theuma P,Fonseca VA.Inflammation,insulin resistance,and atherosclerosis.Metab Syndr Relat Disord.2004;2(2):105-113.
32.Cruz NG,Sousa LP,Sousa MO,et al.The linkage between inflammation and Type 2diabetes mellitus.Diabetes Res Clin Pract.2013;99(2):85-92.
33.Walsh K.Adipokines,myokines and cardiovascular disease.Circ J.2009;73(1):13-18.
34.Hung J,McQuillan BM,Thompson PL.Circulating adiponectin levels associate with inflammatory markers,insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome independent of obesity.Int J Obes(Lond).2008;32(5):772-779.
35.Schaap LA,Pluijm SM,Deeg DJ.Inflammatory markers and loss of muscle mass(sarcopenia)and strength.Am J Med.2006;(6):526,529-517.
36.Thornell LE.Sarcopenic obesity:satellite cells in the aging muscle.Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care.2011;14(1):22-27.
37.Park SW,Good paster BH,Lee JS,et al.Excessive loss of skeletal muscle mass in older adults with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes Care.2009;32(11):1993-1997.
38.Kalyani RR,Corriere M,Ferrucci L.Age-related and diseaserelated muscle loss:the effect of diabetes,obesity,and other diseases.Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol.2014;2(10):819-829.
39.Cuthbertson DJ,Bell JA,Ng SY,et al.Dynapenic obesity and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes:the english longitudinal study of ageing.Diabetes Medicine.2016;8(33):1052-1059.
40.李骥,雷晓妮,魏优秀,等.脂肪组织与骨骼肌信号之间的分子代谢关系.中国组织工程研究.2007;11(45):9165-9168.
41.Kanaley JA,Sames C,Swisher L,et al.Abdominal fat distribution in pre-and postmenopausal women:the impact of physical activity,age,and menopausal status.Metabolism.2001;50(8):976-982.
42.Tuttle LJ,Sinacore DR,Cade WT,et al.Lower physical activity is associated with higher intermuscular adipose tissue in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy.Phys Ther.2011;91(6):923-930.
43.Krause MP,Al-Sajee D,D'Souza DM,et al.Impaired macrophage and satellite cell infiltration occurs in a muscle-specific fashion following injury in diabetic skeletal muscle.Plos one.2013;8(8):e70971.
44.Zheng J,Hasting MK,Zhang X,et al.A pilot study of regional perfusion and oxygenation in calf muscles of individuals with diabetes with a noninvasive measure.J Vasc Surg.2014;59(2):419-426.
45.Dufour AB,Hannan MT,Murabito JM,et al.Sarcopenia definition s considering body size and fat mass are associated with mobilityl imitations:the framingham study.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.2013;68(2):168-174.
46.Friedman J,Lussiez A,Sullivan J,et al.Implications of sarcopenia in major surgery.Nutr Clin Pract.2015;30(2):175-179.
47.中国抗癌协会肿瘤营养与支持治疗专业委员会.肌肉减少症营养治疗指南.肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志.2015;2(3):32-36.
48.Morley JE,Argiles JM,Evans WJ,et al.Nutritional recommendations for the management of sarcopenia.J Am Med Dir Assoc.2010;11(6):391-396.
49.Labonte CC,Chevalier S,Marliss EB,et al.Effect of 10%dietary protein intake on whole body protein kinetics in type 2 diabetic adults.Clin Nutr.2015;34(6):1115-1121.
50.Gougeon R.Insulin resistance of protein metabolism in type 2diabetes and impact on dietary needs:a review.Can J Diabetes.2013;37(2):115-120.
51.Leenders M,Verdijk LB,Varlder HL,et al.Patients with type2diabetes show a greater decline in muscle mass,muscle strertsth,and functional capacity with asing.J Am Med Dir Assec.2013;14(8):585-592.
52.Manders RJ,Little JP,Forbes SC.Insulin resistance of protein metabolism in type 2 diabetes and impact on dietary needs:a review.Can J Diabetes.2013;37(2):115-120.
2.Sarcopenia IWGO.Sarcopenia:an undiagnosed condition in older adults.Current consensus definition:prevalence,etiology,and consequences.International working group on sarcopenia.J Am Med Dir Assoc.2011;12(4):249-256.
3.洪维,朱晓颖,程群,等.老年髋部骨折患者肌肉减少症与骨密度的关系.中华骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病杂志.2014;7(2):106-111.
4.Pedersen BK,Febbraio MA.Muscles,exercise and obesity:skeletal muscle as a secretory organ.Nat Rev Endocrinol.2012;8(8):457-465.
5.Fernandez-Quintela A,Churruca I,Portillo MP.The role of dietary fat in adipose tissue metabolism.Public Health Nutrition.2007;10(10):1126-1131.
6.Buford TW,Anton SD,Judge AR,et al.Models of accelerated sarcopenia:critical pieces for solving the puzzle of age-related muscle atrophy.Ageing Res Rev.2010;9(4):369-383.
7.Pasiakos SM,Vislocky LM,Carbone JW,et al.Acute energy deprivation affects skeletal muscle protein synthesis and associated intracellular signaling proteins in physically active adults.J Nutr.2010;140(4):745-751.
8.Ali S,Garcia JM.Sarcopenia,cachexia and aging:diagnosis,mechanisms and therapeutic options-amini-review.Gerontology.2014;60(4):294-305.
9.韩佩佩,郭琪,潘翔.老年人肌肉衰减综合征的诊断标准与运动疗法.中国康复医学杂志.2015;16(6):415-416.
10.Landi F,Liperoti R,Fusco D,et al.Prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia among nursing home older residents.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.2012;67(1):48-55.
11.Cheng Q,Zhu X,Zhang X,et al.A cross-sectional study of loss of muscle mass corresponding to sarcopenia In healthy Chinese men and women:reference values,prevalence,and association with bone mass.J Bone Miner Metab.2014;32(1):78-88.
12.卢艳敏,陈强谱.肌肉减少症的诊断及治疗.中华临床医师杂志(电子版).2014;8(24):114-118.
13.Beaudart C,Reginster JY,Petermans J,et al.Quality of life and physical components linked to sarcopenia:the sarcoPhAge study.Exp Gerontol.2015;69:103-110.
14.杨丽梅.代谢综合征的危害及其综合干预.中国民康医学.2012;24(5):583-586.
15.陈素娟,林瑶.老年人群代谢综合征危险因素相关性分析.中国老年学.2011;31(24):4900-4901.
16.Gu DF,Reynolds K,Wu XG,et al.Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and overweight among adults in China.Lancet.2005;365(9468):1398-1405.
17.汪明芳,王丽娟,任姗姗,等.糖尿病患者的营养评价及其少肌症发生的影响因素.中华临床营养杂志.2015;25(5):271-277.
18.Kim KS,Park KS,Kim MJ,et al.Type 2 diabetes is associated with low muscle mass in older adults.Geriatr Gerontol Int.2014;14(S1):115-121.
19.Leenders M,Verdijk LB,vander Hoeven L,et al.Patients with type2 diabete show a greater decline in muscle mass,muscle strength,and functional capacity with aging.J Am Med Dir Assoc.2013;14:585-592.
20.Cruz-Jentoft AJ,Baeyens JP,Bauer JM,et al.Sarcopenia:European consensus on definition and diagnosis:report of the European working group on Sarcopenia in older people.Age Ageing.2010;39(4):412-423.
21.Perkisas S,Vandewoude M.Where frailty meets diabetes.Diabetes Metab Res Rev.2016;32(1)261-267.
22.Kalyani RR,Metter EJ,Egan J,et al.Hyperglycemia predicts persistently lower muscle strength with aging.Diabetes Care.2015;38(1):82-90.
23.Momma H,Niu K,Kobayashi Y,et al.Skin advanced glycation end product accumulation and muscle strength among adult men.Eur JAppl Physiol.2011;111:1545-1552.
24.Semba RD,Bandinelli S,Sun K,et al.Relationship of an advanced glycation end product,plasma carboxymethyl-lysine,with slow walking speed in older adults:the InCHIANTI study.Eur J Appl Physiol.2010;108(1):191-195.
25.Halvatsiotis P,Short KR,Bigelow M,et al.Synthesis rate of muscle proteins,muscle functions,and amino acid kinetics in type 2diabetes.Diabetes.2002;51(8):2395-2404.
26.Gougeon R,Morais JA,Chevalier S,et al.Determinants of wholebody protein metabolism in subjects with and without type 2diabetes.Diabetes Care.2008;31(1):128-133.
27.Wen MJ,Hsieh CH,Wu CZ,et al.The adipokines and inflammatory marker in young type 2 diabetics with metabolic syndrome:a pilot study.Obes Res Clin Pract.2013;7(3):206-210.
28.范利,王蓉,胡亦新.肌肉减少症与炎性细胞因子的研究进展.中华保健医学杂志.2014;16(6):491-492,496.
29.Glass DJ.Signaling pathways perturbing muscle mass.Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care.2010;13(3):225-229.
30.Alexandraki K,Piperi C,Kalofoutis C,et al.Inflammatory process in type 2 diabetes:the role of cytokines.Ann N Y Acad Sci.2006;1084:89-117.
31.Theuma P,Fonseca VA.Inflammation,insulin resistance,and atherosclerosis.Metab Syndr Relat Disord.2004;2(2):105-113.
32.Cruz NG,Sousa LP,Sousa MO,et al.The linkage between inflammation and Type 2diabetes mellitus.Diabetes Res Clin Pract.2013;99(2):85-92.
33.Walsh K.Adipokines,myokines and cardiovascular disease.Circ J.2009;73(1):13-18.
34.Hung J,McQuillan BM,Thompson PL.Circulating adiponectin levels associate with inflammatory markers,insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome independent of obesity.Int J Obes(Lond).2008;32(5):772-779.
35.Schaap LA,Pluijm SM,Deeg DJ.Inflammatory markers and loss of muscle mass(sarcopenia)and strength.Am J Med.2006;(6):526,529-517.
36.Thornell LE.Sarcopenic obesity:satellite cells in the aging muscle.Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care.2011;14(1):22-27.
37.Park SW,Good paster BH,Lee JS,et al.Excessive loss of skeletal muscle mass in older adults with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes Care.2009;32(11):1993-1997.
38.Kalyani RR,Corriere M,Ferrucci L.Age-related and diseaserelated muscle loss:the effect of diabetes,obesity,and other diseases.Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol.2014;2(10):819-829.
39.Cuthbertson DJ,Bell JA,Ng SY,et al.Dynapenic obesity and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes:the english longitudinal study of ageing.Diabetes Medicine.2016;8(33):1052-1059.
40.李骥,雷晓妮,魏优秀,等.脂肪组织与骨骼肌信号之间的分子代谢关系.中国组织工程研究.2007;11(45):9165-9168.
41.Kanaley JA,Sames C,Swisher L,et al.Abdominal fat distribution in pre-and postmenopausal women:the impact of physical activity,age,and menopausal status.Metabolism.2001;50(8):976-982.
42.Tuttle LJ,Sinacore DR,Cade WT,et al.Lower physical activity is associated with higher intermuscular adipose tissue in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy.Phys Ther.2011;91(6):923-930.
43.Krause MP,Al-Sajee D,D'Souza DM,et al.Impaired macrophage and satellite cell infiltration occurs in a muscle-specific fashion following injury in diabetic skeletal muscle.Plos one.2013;8(8):e70971.
44.Zheng J,Hasting MK,Zhang X,et al.A pilot study of regional perfusion and oxygenation in calf muscles of individuals with diabetes with a noninvasive measure.J Vasc Surg.2014;59(2):419-426.
45.Dufour AB,Hannan MT,Murabito JM,et al.Sarcopenia definition s considering body size and fat mass are associated with mobilityl imitations:the framingham study.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.2013;68(2):168-174.
46.Friedman J,Lussiez A,Sullivan J,et al.Implications of sarcopenia in major surgery.Nutr Clin Pract.2015;30(2):175-179.
47.中国抗癌协会肿瘤营养与支持治疗专业委员会.肌肉减少症营养治疗指南.肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志.2015;2(3):32-36.
48.Morley JE,Argiles JM,Evans WJ,et al.Nutritional recommendations for the management of sarcopenia.J Am Med Dir Assoc.2010;11(6):391-396.
49.Labonte CC,Chevalier S,Marliss EB,et al.Effect of 10%dietary protein intake on whole body protein kinetics in type 2 diabetic adults.Clin Nutr.2015;34(6):1115-1121.
50.Gougeon R.Insulin resistance of protein metabolism in type 2diabetes and impact on dietary needs:a review.Can J Diabetes.2013;37(2):115-120.
51.Leenders M,Verdijk LB,Varlder HL,et al.Patients with type2diabetes show a greater decline in muscle mass,muscle strertsth,and functional capacity with asing.J Am Med Dir Assec.2013;14(8):585-592.
52.Manders RJ,Little JP,Forbes SC.Insulin resistance of protein metabolism in type 2 diabetes and impact on dietary needs:a review.Can J Diabetes.2013;37(2):115-120.