变齿距电磁作动器集中参数热模型的构建与分析
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摘要
根据变齿距电磁作动器的几何结构和传热特点,建立其集中参数热模型。对加工好的样机温度进行了试验测量,并将集中参数热模型的计算结果与试验数据进行了对比,结果表明,在不同线圈电压下,作动器线圈和外壳温度的最大相对误差仅为8.40%和9.22%,证明了所建立模型的有效性。利用所建立的集中参数热模型,研究了作动器温升对各个热阻的敏感性,结果表明,作动器温升对外壳与环境之间的散热热阻最为敏感,当其增加20%时,线圈温度和外壳温度将分别增加6.10%和8.40%,而其他热阻对作动器的线圈和外壳温度的影响都非常小。最后,对变齿距电磁作动器的冷却方式进行了探讨,高电密的情况下,在外壳设计散热肋片是提高冷却效果的实用方式。
The lumped parameter thermal model was established according to the geometric structure and heat transfer characteristic of variable tooth electromagnetic actuator.The temperature test bench of the processed prototype was set up to validate the accuracy of the developed lumped parameter thermal model.The experimentally measured coil temperature and the surface temperature of shell were compared with the calculated values of the lumped parameter thermal model at different coil voltages and the maximum deviation of coil temperature is 8.40%,the surface temperature of the shell is 9.22%.The sensitivity of temperature rise to thermal resistances was studied by the lumped parameter thermal model. The results showed that the temperature rise of variable tooth electromagnetic actuator is most sensitive to the thermal resistance between the shell and the environment,and the coil and surface temperature would rise 6.10% and 8.40% respectively when the thermal resistance was increased 20%,and the other thermal resistances have little impact on the temperature rise of the actuator.Finally,the cooling methods of variable tooth electromagnetic actuator were studied and adding fins to the surface of the actuator shell is a practical method to improve the cooling effect.
The lumped parameter thermal model was established according to the geometric structure and heat transfer characteristic of variable tooth electromagnetic actuator.The temperature test bench of the processed prototype was set up to validate the accuracy of the developed lumped parameter thermal model.The experimentally measured coil temperature and the surface temperature of shell were compared with the calculated values of the lumped parameter thermal model at different coil voltages and the maximum deviation of coil temperature is 8.40%,the surface temperature of the shell is 9.22%.The sensitivity of temperature rise to thermal resistances was studied by the lumped parameter thermal model. The results showed that the temperature rise of variable tooth electromagnetic actuator is most sensitive to the thermal resistance between the shell and the environment,and the coil and surface temperature would rise 6.10% and 8.40% respectively when the thermal resistance was increased 20%,and the other thermal resistances have little impact on the temperature rise of the actuator.Finally,the cooling methods of variable tooth electromagnetic actuator were studied and adding fins to the surface of the actuator shell is a practical method to improve the cooling effect.
引文
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[2]宁一高,石勇,郭强,等.变齿距电磁作动器温度场仿真与试验[J].现代制造工程,2016(8):20-24,37.NING Yi-gao,SHI Yong,GUO Qiang,et al.Simulation and experiment on temperature field of variable tooth electromagnetic actuator[J].Modern Manufacturing Engineering,2016(8):20-24,37.(in Chinese)
[3]BOGLIETTI A,CAVAGNINO A,SHANEL M,et al.Evolution and modern approaches for thermal analysis of electrical machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2009,56(3):871-882.
[4]GUEMO G G,CHANTRENNE P,JAC J.Application of classic and T lumped parameter thermal models for permanent magnet synchronous machines[C]//Proceedings of Electric Machines&Drives Conference.Chicago,USA:IEEE,2013:809-815.
[5]SIMPSON N,WROBEL R,MELLOR P H.An accurate mesh-based equivalent circuit approach to thermal modelling[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2014,50(2):269-272.
[6]ROSTAMI N,FEYZI M R,PYRHONEN J.Lumped-parameter thermal model for axial flux permanent magnet machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2013,49(3):1178-1184.
[7]汪文博.永磁同步电机的热路模型研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.WANG Wen-bo.LumpedParameter Thermal Model Analysis for PMSM[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2014.(in Chinese)
[8]MELLOR P H,ROBERTS D,TURNER D R.Lumped parameter thermal model for electrical machines of TEFC design[J].IEE Proceedings:B,1991,138(5):205-218.
[9]许国良,王晓墨,邬田华,等.工程传热学[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2011.XU Guo-liang,WANG Xiao-mo,WU Tian-hua,et al.Engineering Heat Transfer[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[10]MELLOR P H.Improvements in the Efficiency and Thermal Ageing of Single and Parallel Machine Drives[D].Liverpool:University of Liverpool,1983.
[11]BOUSBAINE A.An Investigation into the Thermal Modelling of Induction Motors[D].Sheffield:University of Sheffield,1993.
[12]石勇,宁一高,赵建辉,等.变齿距电磁作动器优化设计[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(6):394-400,407.SHI Yong,NING Yi-gao,ZHAO Jian-hui,et al.Optimal design of variable tooth electromagnetic actuator[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(6):394-400,407.(in Chinese)
[13]李伟力,李守法,谢颖,等.感应电动机定转子全域温度场数值计算及相关因素敏感性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(24):85-91.LI Wei-li,LI Shou-fa,XIE Ying,et al.Statorrotor coupled thermal field numerical calculation of induction motors and correlated factors sensitivity analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(24):85-91.(in Chinese)
[14]ROBERTS D.The Application of an Induction Motor Thermal Model to Motor Protection and Other Functions[D].Liverpool:University of Liverpool,1986.
[15]PEREZ I J,KASSAKIAN J G.A stationary thermal model for smooth air-gap rotating electric machines[J].Electric Machines&Power Systems,1979,3(3):285-303.
[16]黄世泽,郭其一,李凡璋,等.基于Ansys的电磁系统温度场仿真技术研究[J].电气与能效管理技术,2015(2):32-37.HUANG Shi-ze,GUO Qi-yi,LI Fan-zhang,et al.Simulation of thermal field of electromagnetic system based on Ansys[J].Electrical&Energy Management Technology,2015(2):32-37.(in Chinese)
[17]李立毅,张江鹏,赵国平,等.考虑极限热负荷下高过载永磁同步电机的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(3):845-852.LI Li-yi,ZHANG Jiang-peng,ZHAO Guo-ping,et al.Research on the high overload permanent magnet synchronous motor considering extreme thermal load[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(3):845-852.(in Chinese)
[18]胡俊明.纯电动汽车驱动电机定子温度场仿真与散热优化[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2014.HU Jun-ming.Stator′s Temperature Field Simulation and Cooling Optimization of Electric Vehicle Driving Motor[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2014.(in Chinese)