五平行轴压缩机齿轮系统非线性动力学特性研究
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摘要
齿轮啮合式多平行轴高端压缩机在现代能源装备中十分重要,具有效率高,造价低,结构紧凑优点,其重要特征是多个转子通过齿轮啮合而成,使得整个转子系统的动力学特性十分复杂,这也造成了齿轮非线性啮合特性会对机组工作性能产生明显的影响。以某五轴压缩机的齿轮系统为研究对象,建立考虑齿轮时变刚度,齿侧间隙以及齿轮啮合误差的系统动力学模型,并对建立的系统的模型进行了无量纲处理。利用数值分析方法计算分析了不同啮合频率以及不同负载作用下齿轮系统的响应特性及其复杂动力学行为。计算结果表明,由于轮齿间的啮合与冲击作用,齿轮系统会随着啮合频率的变化出现明显的非线性现象;通过控制负载可以减小齿轮的冲击现象,进而保证齿轮系统工作在特定的振动状态。
Integral gear assembly centrifugal compressor is critical in modern energy equipment field, which has advantages of high efficiency, lower cost and compact structure. The most important characteristic of its rotor system is its complicated dynamic characteristics due to the interaction of the multiple rotors in paralleled arrangement and coupled by different gears, which would make the performance of the equipment significantly influenced by the nonlinear characteristics of mesh force. In this paper, a dynamic model of the gear system in a five shaft integrally geared centrifugal compressor is proposed, where the time-varying stiffness, tooth backlash and the gear mesh errors are considered and the dimensionless method is applied. Then, the response characteristics and complex dynamics behaviors of the gear system are analyzed with different meshing frequencies and different loads with numerical analysis method. The result shows that the obvious nonlinear phenomena of the gear system are shown with the increasing meshing frequency. The impact between the gears could be reduced under controlled loading, which would ensure the gear system vibrate in a particular state.
Integral gear assembly centrifugal compressor is critical in modern energy equipment field, which has advantages of high efficiency, lower cost and compact structure. The most important characteristic of its rotor system is its complicated dynamic characteristics due to the interaction of the multiple rotors in paralleled arrangement and coupled by different gears, which would make the performance of the equipment significantly influenced by the nonlinear characteristics of mesh force. In this paper, a dynamic model of the gear system in a five shaft integrally geared centrifugal compressor is proposed, where the time-varying stiffness, tooth backlash and the gear mesh errors are considered and the dimensionless method is applied. Then, the response characteristics and complex dynamics behaviors of the gear system are analyzed with different meshing frequencies and different loads with numerical analysis method. The result shows that the obvious nonlinear phenomena of the gear system are shown with the increasing meshing frequency. The impact between the gears could be reduced under controlled loading, which would ensure the gear system vibrate in a particular state.
引文
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[14]WEI J,SUN Q,SUN W,et al.Dynamic analysis and load-sharing characteristic of multiple pinion drives in tunnel boring machine[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2013,27(5):1385-1392.
[15]WEI J,LüC,SUN W.A study on optimum design method of gear transmission system for wind turbine[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,2013,14(5):767-778
[16]雷亚国,罗希,刘宗尧,等.行星轮系动力学新模型及其故障响应特性研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(13):111-122.LEI Yaguo,LUO Xi,LIU Zongyao,et al.A new dynamic model of planetary gear sets and research on fault response characteristics[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(13):111-122.
[2]MORINI M,PINELLI M,VENTURINI M.Analysis of biogas compression system dynamics[J].Applied Energy,2009,86(11):2466-2475.
[3]JIANG W,KHAN J,DOUGAL R A.Dynamic centrifugal compressor model for system simulation[J].Journal of power sources,2006,158(2):1333-1343.
[4]LEE Y B,KIM T H,KIM C H,et al.Suppression of subsynchronous vibrations due to aerodynamic response to surge in a two-stage centrifugal compressor with air foil bearings[J].Tribology Transactions,2003,46(3):428-434.
[5]GRUNTFEST P M,ANDRONIS L,MARSCHER M D.Rotor instability problems in an integrally geared compressor supported by tilting pad bearings[C]//Turbomachinery Symposium Proceedings,Texas,2001:39-48.
[6]MOORE J J,WALKER S T,KUZDZAL M J.Rotordynamic stability measurement during full-load,full-pressure testing of a 6000 Psi re-injection centrifugal compressor[C]//Proc.of the Thirty-first Turbomachinery Symposium,Texas,2002:29-38.
[7]KIM K H,FLEETER S.Compressor unsteady aerodynamic response to rotating stall and surge excitations[J].Journal of Propulsion and Power,1994,10(5):698-708.
[8]THEODOSSIADES S,NATSIAVAS S.Non-linear dynamics of gear-pair systems with periodic stiffness and backlash[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2000,229(2):287-310.
[9]VELEX P,CAHOUET V.Experimental and numerical investigations on the influence of tooth friction in spur and helical gear dynamics[J].Transactions-American Society of Mechanical Engineers Journal of Mechanical Design,2000,122(4):515-522.
[10]VAISHYA M,SINGH R.Analysis of periodically varying gear mesh systems with Coulomb friction using Floquet theory[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2001,243(3):525-545.
[11]KIRACOFE D R,PARKER R G.Structured vibration modes of general compound planetary gear systems[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,2007,129(1):1-16.
[12]GUERINE A,HAMI A E,WALHA L,et al.A perturbation approach for the dynamic analysis of one stage gear system with uncertain parameters[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2015:113-126.
[13]秦大同,白温毓,张福平.制动工况下风电齿轮传动系统的动力学特性分析[J].太阳能学报,2015,36(2):305-312.QIN Datong,BAI Wenyu,ZHANG Fuping.Dynamic characteristic analysis of gear transmission system of wind turbine during braking process[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2015,36(2):305-312.
[14]WEI J,SUN Q,SUN W,et al.Dynamic analysis and load-sharing characteristic of multiple pinion drives in tunnel boring machine[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2013,27(5):1385-1392.
[15]WEI J,LüC,SUN W.A study on optimum design method of gear transmission system for wind turbine[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,2013,14(5):767-778
[16]雷亚国,罗希,刘宗尧,等.行星轮系动力学新模型及其故障响应特性研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(13):111-122.LEI Yaguo,LUO Xi,LIU Zongyao,et al.A new dynamic model of planetary gear sets and research on fault response characteristics[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(13):111-122.