基于微通道板选通的飞行时间测量技术
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摘要
研究了基于微通道板(MCP)选通技术的电子飞行时间(TOF)测量系统。调节MCP选通脉冲延时,使得电子和选通脉冲同时到达MCP,从而产生动态图像。利用高速示波器获得电子在50cm漂移区的TOF。当阴极电压为-3.5kV时,测得电子从阴极到MCP的TOF约为15ns。改变阴极电压,获得了TOF与电子能量之间的关系。结果表明,随着电子能量的增大,TOF不断减小。该TOF测量系统的时间分辨率为88ps。
A time of flight(TOF)measurement system based on the gated microchannel plate(MCP)technology is reported.The electrons and the strobe pulse can simultaneously arrive at the MCP under a suitable MCP strobe pulse delay,and so that dynamic images can be produced.The TOF of electrons at the drift space of 50 cm is measured by using a high speed oscilloscope.When the cathode voltage of-3.5 kV is applied,it takes electrons about 15 ns to travel from cathode to MCP.The relationship between the TOF and electron energy is obtained via tuning the cathode voltage.The results show that the TOF decreases with the increase of electron energy,and the temporal resolution of the TOF measurement system is 88 ps.
A time of flight(TOF)measurement system based on the gated microchannel plate(MCP)technology is reported.The electrons and the strobe pulse can simultaneously arrive at the MCP under a suitable MCP strobe pulse delay,and so that dynamic images can be produced.The TOF of electrons at the drift space of 50 cm is measured by using a high speed oscilloscope.When the cathode voltage of-3.5 kV is applied,it takes electrons about 15 ns to travel from cathode to MCP.The relationship between the TOF and electron energy is obtained via tuning the cathode voltage.The results show that the TOF decreases with the increase of electron energy,and the temporal resolution of the TOF measurement system is 88 ps.
引文
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[2]Cameron A E,Eggers D F.An ion“velocitron”[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1948,19(9):605-607.
[3]Wang C,Tian J S,Zhang M Z,et al.Design of combined magnetic field system for magnetic-bottle time-of-flight spectrometer[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2011,23(7):1810-1812.王超,田进寿,张美志,等.磁瓶飞行时间谱仪用复合磁场系统设计[J].强激光与粒子束,2011,23(7):1810-1812.
[4]Gao R,Brook N,García L C,et al.Precision electronics for a system of custom MCPs in the TORCHtime-of-flight detector[J].Journal of Instrumentation,2017,12(3):C03008.
[5]García L C,Brook N,Cussans D,et al.The TORCHtime-of-flight detector for particle identification and photon vertex association[J].Journal of Instrumentation,2017,12:C02005.
[6]Buckwalter S P,Olson S L,Connelly B J,et al.Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry for identification of mycobacterium species,nocardia species,and other aerobic actinomycetes[J].Journal of Clinical Microbiology,2016,54(2):376-384.
[7]Sano K,Takahashi Y,Yamanashi Y,et al.Demonstration of single-flux-quantum readout circuits for time-of-flight mass spectrometry systems using superconducting strip ion detectors[J].Superconductor Science and Technology,2015,28(7):074003.
[8]Kataoka M,Johnson N,Emary C,et al.Time-offlight measurements of single-electron wave packets in quantum Hall edge states[J].Physical Review Letters,2016,116(12):126803.
[9]Lin W J,Zhao J W,Sun B H,et al.Plastic scintillation detectors for precision time-of-flight measurements of relativistic heavy ions[J].Chinese Physics C,2017,41(6):066001.
[10]de Angelis R,Consoli F,Verona C,et al.High performance diagnostics for time-of-flight and X ray measurements in laser produced plasmas,based on fast diamond detectors[J].Journal of Instrumentation,2016,11(12):C12048.
[11]Caggiano J A,Barbosa F,Clancy T J,et al.Design of a north pole neutron time-of-flight(NTOF)system at NIF[J].Journal of Physics,2016,717(1):012087.
[12]Hilsabeck T J,Hares J D,Kilkenny J D,et al.Pulse-dilation enhanced gated optical imager with 5ps resolution[J].Review of Science Instruments,2010,81(10):10E317.
[13]Cai H Z,Long J H,Liu J Y,et al.Picosecond framing camera based on electron pulse time-dilation[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2016,45(12):1206001.蔡厚智,龙井华,刘进元,等.电子束时间展宽皮秒分幅相机[J].红外与激光工程,2016,45(12):1206001.
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[15]Cai H Z,Long J H,Liu J Y,et al.Non-gain microchannel plate picosecond framing technology[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2015,44(S):109-112.蔡厚智,龙井华,刘进元,等.无增益微通道板皮秒分幅技术研究[J].红外与激光工程,2015,44(S):109-112.
[16]Nagel S R,Hilsabeck T J,Bell P M,et al.Investigating high speed phenomena in laser plasma interactions using dilation X-ray imager[J].Review of Science Instruments,2014,85(11):11E504.
[17]Cai H Z,Long J H,Liu J Y,et al.Time focus technology for the electron bunch[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2016,36(2):0204001.蔡厚智,龙井华,刘进元,等.电子束时间聚焦技术[J].光学学报,2016,36(2):0204001.
[18]Bai Y L.Research on temporal and spatial resolution of pulse-dilation framing tube[D].Shenzhen:Shenzhen University,2017:1-10.白雁力.时间展宽分幅变像管时空性能研究[D].深圳:深圳大学,2017:1-10.
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[20]Lei Y F,Long J H,Liu J Y,et al.Design of framing image tube with large detection area[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2016,43(9):0904009.雷云飞,龙井华,刘进元,等.大探测面积分幅变像管设计[J].中国激光,2016,43(9):0904009.
[21]Betti R,Hurricane O A.Inertial-confinement fusion with lasers[J].Nature Physics,2016,12:435-449.
[22]Liao Y B,Long J H,Cai H Z,et al.Numerically simulated static spatial resolution of framing image converter using magnetic focusing via matlab[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2016,53(1):012301.廖昱博,龙井华,蔡厚智,等.磁聚焦分幅变像管静态空间分辨率的Matlab模拟研究[J].激光与光电子学进展,2016,53(1):012301.
[23]Callahan D A,Hurricane O A,Hinke D E,et al.Higher velocity,high-foot implosions on the national ignition facility laser[J].Physics of Plasmas,2015,22(5):056314.
[24]Bai Y L,Long J H,Cai H Z,et al.Influence of double magnetic lenses on performance of pulse-dilation framing tube[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2016,53(1):013201.白雁力,龙井华,蔡厚智,等.双磁透镜对时间展宽分幅变像管性能的影响[J].激光与光电子学进展,2016,53(1):013201.
[25]Hurricane O A,Callahan D A,Casey D T,et al.Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion[J].Nature,2014,506(7488):343-348.
[26]Cai H Z,Liu J Y.Investigation and application of ultrafast pulse circuitry[J].Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering,2010,27(1):33-36.蔡厚智,刘进元.超快脉冲电路的研制及应用[J].深圳大学学报理工版,2010,27(1):33-36.
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