甘蔗叶表蜡质检测及其与农艺性状和抗逆性的相关性分析
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摘要
【目的】初步筛选适宜的甘蔗叶表蜡质检测方法,并探讨甘蔗野生资源与栽培品系(种)叶表蜡质含量的差异及叶表蜡质与农艺性状、抗逆表现的关系,以期为辅助甘蔗新品种选育提供参考。【方法】以39份甘蔗野生材料和12份甘蔗栽培品系(种)为试验材料,测定不同浸提时间和采样部位的甘蔗叶表蜡质含量,并结合农艺性状指标、产量、蔗糖分及抗性指标进行相关分析和聚类分析。【结果】氯仿浸提30 s处理的蜡质含量与其他处理差异不显著(P>0.05,下同)。同一甘蔗品系(种)3个叶位间叶表蜡质含量差异不显著,不同甘蔗品系(种)+1叶叶表蜡质含量差异显著(P<0.05,下同)。39份甘蔗野生材料间叶表蜡质含量差异显著,割手密92_3叶表蜡质含量(18.8 mg/g)最高,割手密87_6(2)叶表蜡质含量(8.3 mg/g)最低。参试品系(种)GT08-223和GT08-68叶表蜡质含量(均为8.1 mg/g)最高,GT08-13叶表蜡质含量(3.9 mg/g)最低。不同甘蔗材料群体间株高等性状均差异明显。各参试品系(种)中,GT08-120宿根蔗产量最高,ROC22、GT08-13、GT08-223和GT08-68较抗梢腐病,GT08-56、GT08-120和GT08-68受霜冻影响较小。相关性分析结果表明,不同材料甘蔗的叶表蜡质含量均与叶长呈显著或极显著(P<0.01)负相关。聚类分析可将不同甘蔗材料均分成两大类,聚类结果与多年试验结果高度一致。【结论】甘蔗叶表蜡质含量的检测以采用氯仿浸提甘蔗+1叶30 s较适宜。野生材料叶表蜡质含量明显高于栽培品系(种),叶片较短的甘蔗叶表蜡质含量较高。
【Objective】In order to provide reference for sugarcane variety breeding,the suitable detection methods for the determination of epicuticular wax on sugarcane leaves were screen,difference of leaf epicuticular wax between wild resources and sugarcane cultivated lines(varieties)was researched and relationship between leaf epicuticular wax and agronomic characters as well as stress resistance was also analyzed.【Method】The epicuticular wax on sugarcane leaves at different extraction times and sampling sites was determined by using 39 wild resources and 12 sugarcane cultivated lines(varieties) as test materials. The correlation analysis and cluster analysis were carried out in combination with agronomic characters,yield,sucrose content and resistance indexes.【Result】The extracted wax by 30 s with chloroform was not significantly different from other treatments(P>0.05,the same below). There was no significant difference in the content of leaf epicuticular wax among three different leave positions of the same sugarcane lines(varieties).There was significant differences in the content of leaf epicuticular wax on +1 leaves between different sugarcane lines(varieties)(P<0.05,the same below). There were significant differences in leaf epicuticular wax content among the 39 wild sugarcane resources.Saccharum spontaneum 92_3 exhibited the maximum leaf epicuticular wax content(18.8 mg/g),while S. spontaneum 87_6(2)showed the minimum leaf epicuticular wax content(8.3 mg/g). The tested lines(varieties)GT08-223 and GT08-68 had the maximum leaf epicuticular wax contents,which were both 8.1 mg/g,and GT08-13 had the minimum leaf epicuticularwax content,which was 3.9 mg/g. The plant height and other traits were significantly different among different sugarcane populations. Among the tested lines(varieties),GT08-120 had the highest cane yield of ratoon,ROC22,GT08-13,GT08-223 and GT08-68 were resistant to pokkahboeng,and GT08-56,GT08-120 and GT08-68 were cold resistant. The results of correlation analysis showed that the leaf length of sugarcane had significant or extreme(P<0.01)negative correlation with the content of leaf epicuticular wax in different sugarcane materials. Cluster analysis divided different sugarcane materials into two categories,and the clustering results were highly consistent with the multi-year test results.【Conclusion】The proper detection of leaf epicuticular wax on sugarcane is using +1 leaves by chloroform extraction for 30 s. The content of leaf epicuticular wax of wild sugarcane materials is higher than that of cultivated lines(varieties),and the content of leaf epicuticular wax of sugarcane with short leaves is high.
【Objective】In order to provide reference for sugarcane variety breeding,the suitable detection methods for the determination of epicuticular wax on sugarcane leaves were screen,difference of leaf epicuticular wax between wild resources and sugarcane cultivated lines(varieties)was researched and relationship between leaf epicuticular wax and agronomic characters as well as stress resistance was also analyzed.【Method】The epicuticular wax on sugarcane leaves at different extraction times and sampling sites was determined by using 39 wild resources and 12 sugarcane cultivated lines(varieties) as test materials. The correlation analysis and cluster analysis were carried out in combination with agronomic characters,yield,sucrose content and resistance indexes.【Result】The extracted wax by 30 s with chloroform was not significantly different from other treatments(P>0.05,the same below). There was no significant difference in the content of leaf epicuticular wax among three different leave positions of the same sugarcane lines(varieties).There was significant differences in the content of leaf epicuticular wax on +1 leaves between different sugarcane lines(varieties)(P<0.05,the same below). There were significant differences in leaf epicuticular wax content among the 39 wild sugarcane resources.Saccharum spontaneum 92_3 exhibited the maximum leaf epicuticular wax content(18.8 mg/g),while S. spontaneum 87_6(2)showed the minimum leaf epicuticular wax content(8.3 mg/g). The tested lines(varieties)GT08-223 and GT08-68 had the maximum leaf epicuticular wax contents,which were both 8.1 mg/g,and GT08-13 had the minimum leaf epicuticularwax content,which was 3.9 mg/g. The plant height and other traits were significantly different among different sugarcane populations. Among the tested lines(varieties),GT08-120 had the highest cane yield of ratoon,ROC22,GT08-13,GT08-223 and GT08-68 were resistant to pokkahboeng,and GT08-56,GT08-120 and GT08-68 were cold resistant. The results of correlation analysis showed that the leaf length of sugarcane had significant or extreme(P<0.01)negative correlation with the content of leaf epicuticular wax in different sugarcane materials. Cluster analysis divided different sugarcane materials into two categories,and the clustering results were highly consistent with the multi-year test results.【Conclusion】The proper detection of leaf epicuticular wax on sugarcane is using +1 leaves by chloroform extraction for 30 s. The content of leaf epicuticular wax of wild sugarcane materials is higher than that of cultivated lines(varieties),and the content of leaf epicuticular wax of sugarcane with short leaves is high.
引文
高建花,和玉吉,郭娜,郭彦军.2016.重庆地区野生草本植物叶表皮蜡质的季节性变化[J].草业学报,25(1):134-143.[Gao J H,He Y J,Guo N,Guo Y J.2016.Seasonal variations of leaf cuticular war in herbs widely distributed in Chongqing[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,25(1):134-143.]
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李魏强,张正斌,李景娟.2006.植物表皮蜡质与抗旱及其分子生物学[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,32(5):505-512.[Li W Q,Zhang Z B,Li J J.2006.Plant epicuticular wax and drought resistance as well as its molecular biology[J].Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology,32(5):505-512.]
罗文巧,吴洪启,赵帅,汪勇,赵璟琛,王中华.2017.小麦品系CP98(11)不同器官表皮蜡质组分和蜡质晶体结构的差异分析[J].西北植物学报,37(3):495-500.[Luo W Q,Wu H Q,Zhao S,Wang Y,Zhao J C,Wang Z H.2017.Analysis of ctticular war components and crystal structures in different organs of wheat line CP98(11)[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,37(3):495-500.]
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齐永文,邓海华,李奇伟.2012.我国大陆甘蔗种质资源利用进展[J].作物研究,26(5):443-446.[Qi Y W,Deng HH,Li Q W.2012.Advance in utilization of sugarcane germplasm in China Mainaland[J].Crop Research,26(5):443-446.]
宋超,王婧,郭彦军,倪郁.2011.植物表皮蜡质对环境胁迫的响应[J].植物生理学报,47(10):951-956.[Song C,Wang J,Guo Y J,Ni Y.2011.Response of plant epicuticular wax to environmental factors[J].Plant Physiology Journal,47(10):951-956.]
宋玉伟,杨伟林.2016.玉米幼苗叶表面蜡质含量及成分对干旱胁迫的响应[J].玉米科学,24(2):91-95.[Song Y W,Yang W L.2016.Changes of wax content in leaves of maize seedlings under the conditions of drought stress[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,24(2):91-95.]
王美芳,陈巨莲,程登发,原国辉.2008.小麦叶片表面蜡质及其与品种抗蚜性的关系[J].应用与环境生物学报,14(3):341-346.[Wang M F,Chen J L,Cheng D F,Yuan G H.2008.Epicuticular wax on wheat leaves and its relationship with tested varieties resistance to wheat aphids[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,14(3):341-346l.]
王美芳,陈巨莲,原国辉,雷振生,吴政卿,赵献林.2009.植物表皮蜡质对植食性昆虫的影响研究进展[J].生态环境学报,18(3):1155-1160.[Wang M F,Chen J L,Yuan GH,Lei Z S,Wu Z Q,Zhao X L.2009.Effects of plant epicuticular waxes on phytophagous insects behaviour[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,18(3):1155-1160.]
韦存虚,王建波,陈义芳,周卫东,孙国荣.2004.盐生植物星星草叶表皮具有泌盐功能的蜡质层[J].生态学报,24(11):2451-2456.[Wei C X,Wang J B,Chen Y F,Zhou W D,Sun G R.2004.Epicuticular wax of leaf epidermis a functional structure for salt excretion in a halophyte puccinellia tenuiflora[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,24(11):2451-2456.]
魏晓雪,杨臣,李德文.2015.UV-B辐射增强对红松幼苗蜡质的影响[J].黑龙江科学,(6):10-12.[Wei X X,Yang C,Li D W.2015.Effects of enhanced UV-bradiation on epicuticular wax in needles of pinus[J].Heilongjiang Science,(6):10-12.]
徐文,申浩,郭军,余晓丛,李祥,杨彦会,马晓,赵世杰,宋健民.2016.旗叶蜡质含量不同小麦近等基因系的抗旱性[J].作物学报,42(11):1700-1707.[Xu W,Shen H,Guo J,Yu X C,Li X,Yang Y H,Ma X,Zhao S J,Song J M.2016.Drought resistance of wheat NILs with different cuticular wax contents in flag leaf[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,42(11):1700-1707.]
张海禄,齐军仓,王祥军.2012.干旱胁迫对大麦叶片表皮蜡质含量及主要生理指标的影响[J].麦类作物学报,32(2):280-283.[Zhang H L,Qi J C,Wang X J.2012.Effects of water stress on epicuticular wax content and main physiological parameters of barley[J].Journal of Triticeae Crope,32(2):280-283.]
周玲艳,姜大刚,李静,周海,曹伟炜,庄楚雄.2012.逆境处理下水稻叶角质层蜡质积累及其与蜡质合成相关基因OsGL1表达的关系[J].作物学报,38(6):1115-1120.[Zhou L Y,Jiang D G,Li J,Zhou H,Cao W W,Zhuang C X.2012.Effect of stresses on leaf cuticular wax accumulation and its relationship to expression of OsGL1-homologous genes in rice[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,38(6):1115-1120.]
周小云,陈信波,徐向丽,刘爱玲,邹杰,高国赋.2007.稻叶表皮蜡质提取方法及含量的比较[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),33(3):273-276.[Zhou X Y,Chen X B,Xu X L,Liu A L,Zou J,Gao G F.2007.On comparison of extraction methods of epicuticular wax and content of rice leaves[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences),33(3):273-276.]
左示敏,张玉梅,薛芗,朱亚军,张亚芳,陈宗祥,陈夕军,潘学彪.2014.水稻新种质YSBR1抗纹枯病机制的初步研究[J].中国水稻科学,28(2):132-140.[Zuo S M,Zhang YM,Xue X,Zhu Y J,Zhang Y F,Chen Z X,Chen X J,Pan X B.2014.Preliminary study on resistance mechanism of new rice line YSBR1 to sheath blight[J].Chinese Journal of Rice Science,28(2):132-140.]
顾俊,王飞,张鹏,胡梁斌,徐朗莱.2007.植物叶表皮蜡质的生物学功能[J].江苏农业学报,23(2):144-148.[Gu J,Wang F,Zhang P,Hu L B,Xu L L.2007.Biological function of epicuticular wax[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,23(2):144-148.]
黄玲,张正斌,崔玉婷,刘孟雨,柴守玺,陈兆波.2003.小麦叶片蜡质含量与水分利用效率和产量的关系[J].麦类作物学报,23(3):41-44.[Huang L,Zhang Z B,Cui Y T,Liu M Y,Chai S X,Chen Z B.2003.Relationship between wax content and water use efficiency of leaf and yield in wheat[J].Journal of Triticeae Crope,23(3):41-44.]
李魏强,张正斌,李景娟.2006.植物表皮蜡质与抗旱及其分子生物学[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,32(5):505-512.[Li W Q,Zhang Z B,Li J J.2006.Plant epicuticular wax and drought resistance as well as its molecular biology[J].Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology,32(5):505-512.]
罗文巧,吴洪启,赵帅,汪勇,赵璟琛,王中华.2017.小麦品系CP98(11)不同器官表皮蜡质组分和蜡质晶体结构的差异分析[J].西北植物学报,37(3):495-500.[Luo W Q,Wu H Q,Zhao S,Wang Y,Zhao J C,Wang Z H.2017.Analysis of ctticular war components and crystal structures in different organs of wheat line CP98(11)[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,37(3):495-500.]
彭绍光.1990.甘蔗育种学[M].北京:农业出版社.[Peng S G.1990.Sugarcane Breeding[M].Beijing:Agriculture Press.]
齐永文,邓海华,李奇伟.2012.我国大陆甘蔗种质资源利用进展[J].作物研究,26(5):443-446.[Qi Y W,Deng HH,Li Q W.2012.Advance in utilization of sugarcane germplasm in China Mainaland[J].Crop Research,26(5):443-446.]
宋超,王婧,郭彦军,倪郁.2011.植物表皮蜡质对环境胁迫的响应[J].植物生理学报,47(10):951-956.[Song C,Wang J,Guo Y J,Ni Y.2011.Response of plant epicuticular wax to environmental factors[J].Plant Physiology Journal,47(10):951-956.]
宋玉伟,杨伟林.2016.玉米幼苗叶表面蜡质含量及成分对干旱胁迫的响应[J].玉米科学,24(2):91-95.[Song Y W,Yang W L.2016.Changes of wax content in leaves of maize seedlings under the conditions of drought stress[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,24(2):91-95.]
王美芳,陈巨莲,程登发,原国辉.2008.小麦叶片表面蜡质及其与品种抗蚜性的关系[J].应用与环境生物学报,14(3):341-346.[Wang M F,Chen J L,Cheng D F,Yuan G H.2008.Epicuticular wax on wheat leaves and its relationship with tested varieties resistance to wheat aphids[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,14(3):341-346l.]
王美芳,陈巨莲,原国辉,雷振生,吴政卿,赵献林.2009.植物表皮蜡质对植食性昆虫的影响研究进展[J].生态环境学报,18(3):1155-1160.[Wang M F,Chen J L,Yuan GH,Lei Z S,Wu Z Q,Zhao X L.2009.Effects of plant epicuticular waxes on phytophagous insects behaviour[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,18(3):1155-1160.]
韦存虚,王建波,陈义芳,周卫东,孙国荣.2004.盐生植物星星草叶表皮具有泌盐功能的蜡质层[J].生态学报,24(11):2451-2456.[Wei C X,Wang J B,Chen Y F,Zhou W D,Sun G R.2004.Epicuticular wax of leaf epidermis a functional structure for salt excretion in a halophyte puccinellia tenuiflora[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,24(11):2451-2456.]
魏晓雪,杨臣,李德文.2015.UV-B辐射增强对红松幼苗蜡质的影响[J].黑龙江科学,(6):10-12.[Wei X X,Yang C,Li D W.2015.Effects of enhanced UV-bradiation on epicuticular wax in needles of pinus[J].Heilongjiang Science,(6):10-12.]
徐文,申浩,郭军,余晓丛,李祥,杨彦会,马晓,赵世杰,宋健民.2016.旗叶蜡质含量不同小麦近等基因系的抗旱性[J].作物学报,42(11):1700-1707.[Xu W,Shen H,Guo J,Yu X C,Li X,Yang Y H,Ma X,Zhao S J,Song J M.2016.Drought resistance of wheat NILs with different cuticular wax contents in flag leaf[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,42(11):1700-1707.]
张海禄,齐军仓,王祥军.2012.干旱胁迫对大麦叶片表皮蜡质含量及主要生理指标的影响[J].麦类作物学报,32(2):280-283.[Zhang H L,Qi J C,Wang X J.2012.Effects of water stress on epicuticular wax content and main physiological parameters of barley[J].Journal of Triticeae Crope,32(2):280-283.]
周玲艳,姜大刚,李静,周海,曹伟炜,庄楚雄.2012.逆境处理下水稻叶角质层蜡质积累及其与蜡质合成相关基因OsGL1表达的关系[J].作物学报,38(6):1115-1120.[Zhou L Y,Jiang D G,Li J,Zhou H,Cao W W,Zhuang C X.2012.Effect of stresses on leaf cuticular wax accumulation and its relationship to expression of OsGL1-homologous genes in rice[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,38(6):1115-1120.]
周小云,陈信波,徐向丽,刘爱玲,邹杰,高国赋.2007.稻叶表皮蜡质提取方法及含量的比较[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),33(3):273-276.[Zhou X Y,Chen X B,Xu X L,Liu A L,Zou J,Gao G F.2007.On comparison of extraction methods of epicuticular wax and content of rice leaves[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences),33(3):273-276.]
左示敏,张玉梅,薛芗,朱亚军,张亚芳,陈宗祥,陈夕军,潘学彪.2014.水稻新种质YSBR1抗纹枯病机制的初步研究[J].中国水稻科学,28(2):132-140.[Zuo S M,Zhang YM,Xue X,Zhu Y J,Zhang Y F,Chen Z X,Chen X J,Pan X B.2014.Preliminary study on resistance mechanism of new rice line YSBR1 to sheath blight[J].Chinese Journal of Rice Science,28(2):132-140.]