黔西北地区农田黑线姬鼠种群数量动态及繁殖特征变化
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摘要
对1995-2014年贵州省大方县农田黑线姬鼠种群数量动态及繁殖特征进行分析,结果表明:黑线姬鼠主要分布于稻田区和旱地耕作区,占总鼠数的22.01%,为当地农田害鼠第二优势鼠种。多年平均捕获率为0.75%,一年中在6月出现1个种群数量高峰,平均捕获率为1.18%。种群总性比为0.94,雌、雄个体数量差异不显著,多年平均怀孕率为25.49%,平均胎仔数为5.43只,平均睾丸下降率为81.25%,平均繁殖指数为0.67。不同月份之间种群繁殖特征变化存在明显差异,主要繁殖期为4-9月,一年中在4-5月和8-9月出现2个怀孕高峰,平均怀孕率分别为37.50%-55.88%和42.11%-50.00%,怀孕率变化曲线呈典型的双峰型。
According to the statistical analysis of population dynamics and propagation characteristics of Apodemus agrarius in Dafang County,Guizhou Province from 1995 to 2014,A. agrarius,the second dominant species in local field,mainly perched in paddy and dry farming area,accounting for 22. 01% of all rodents. The average annual capture rate was 0. 75%. The population peak appeared in June. The population sex ratio was 0. 94,the average capture rate was 1. 18%,and the quantities of female and male were insignificantly different. The average pregnancy rate was 25. 49%,the average litter size was 5. 43,the average testicular descent rate was 81. 25% and the average propagation index was 0. 67. Meanwhile there was significant difference in population propagation characteristics between different months. The mainly reproductive period was April to September. There were two pregnancy peaks during April and May and during August and September. The average pregnancy rate was from 37. 50% to 55. 88% and from 42. 11% to 50. 00%,respectively. The peaks presented a typical bimodal curve.
According to the statistical analysis of population dynamics and propagation characteristics of Apodemus agrarius in Dafang County,Guizhou Province from 1995 to 2014,A. agrarius,the second dominant species in local field,mainly perched in paddy and dry farming area,accounting for 22. 01% of all rodents. The average annual capture rate was 0. 75%. The population peak appeared in June. The population sex ratio was 0. 94,the average capture rate was 1. 18%,and the quantities of female and male were insignificantly different. The average pregnancy rate was 25. 49%,the average litter size was 5. 43,the average testicular descent rate was 81. 25% and the average propagation index was 0. 67. Meanwhile there was significant difference in population propagation characteristics between different months. The mainly reproductive period was April to September. There were two pregnancy peaks during April and May and during August and September. The average pregnancy rate was from 37. 50% to 55. 88% and from 42. 11% to 50. 00%,respectively. The peaks presented a typical bimodal curve.
引文
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[4]雷邦海,松会武,龙清凤,等.锦屏县东部鼠形动物种群分布及黑线姬鼠生态特性研究[J].贵州农业科学,1992(2):23-27.
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[13]潘世昌,张雪琼,张朝仙,等.农田黑线姬鼠的发生规律及治理技术[J].贵州农业科学,2003,31(2):16-19.
[14]李恩涛,杨再学,周全忠,等.瓮安县黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数变化规律[J].山地农业生物学报,2013,32(5):393-396.
[15]李恩涛,周全忠,李跃辉,等.瓮安县黑线姬鼠种群数量变化规律[J].江西农业学报,2013,25(10):93-95.
[16]龙贵兴,罗文忠,刘琼华.大方县农区鼠类种群组成及种群数量预测[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(6):102-105.
[17]杨再学,金星,郭永旺,等.高山姬鼠种群数量动态及预测预报模型[J].生态学报,2010,30(13):3545-3552.
[18]杨再学,松会武,雷邦海.贵州省农田害鼠经济防治指标的研究[J].贵州农业科学,1993(3):32,28.
[19]金星,杨再学,刘晋,等.贵州省毒饵站灭鼠技术的研究与应用[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(9):107-112.
[20]郑元利,杨再学.毒饵站种类及其使用技术[J].农技服务,2008,25(8):69,108.
[21]罗文忠,龙贵兴.大方县农田鼠类调查[J].毕节师范高等专科学校学报,1999(4):39-41.
[22]杨再学,金星,郭永旺,等.高山姬鼠种群繁殖参数的变化[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(1):189-194.
[23]杨再学,龙贵兴,金星,等.四川短尾鼩的种群数量动态及繁殖特征变化[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(4):1493-1497.
[24]张知彬,朱靖,杨荷芳.中国啮齿类繁殖参数的地理变异[J].动物学报,1991,37(1):36-46.
[2]雷邦海.岑巩县黑线姬鼠的生态初步观察[J].动物学杂志,1993,28(3):32-35.
[3]松会武,顾永林.凯里市黑线姬鼠生态观察[J].耕作与栽培,1990(4):48-50.
[4]雷邦海,松会武,龙清凤,等.锦屏县东部鼠形动物种群分布及黑线姬鼠生态特性研究[J].贵州农业科学,1992(2):23-27.
[5]杨再学.黑线姬鼠种群繁殖特征的研究[J].贵州农业科学,1996,24(1):15-19.
[6]杨再学.黑线姬鼠种群数量季节变化规律[J].贵州农学院学报,1997,16(S):44-47.
[7]郑元利,杨再学.余庆县黑线姬鼠的发生动态及其治理技术[J].贵州大学学报:农业与生物科学版,2002,21(5):351-356.
[8]杨再学,郑元利,郭仕平,等.黑线姬鼠种群数量动态及预测预报模型研究[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(2):193-197.
[9]杨再学,郑元利,金星.黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)的种群繁殖参数及其地理分异特征[J].生态学报,2007,27(6):2425-2434.
[10]杨再学,郑元利,金星,等.黑线姬鼠胎仔数变动规律及对种群数量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(33):363-367.
[11]马仁华,文炳智.雷山县黑线姬鼠种群的生态观察[J].山地农业生物学报,1998,17(2):121-122.
[12]文炳智,杨再学.雷山县黑线姬鼠种群数量动态及繁殖参数变化[J].山地农业生物学报,2012,31(1):44-49.
[13]潘世昌,张雪琼,张朝仙,等.农田黑线姬鼠的发生规律及治理技术[J].贵州农业科学,2003,31(2):16-19.
[14]李恩涛,杨再学,周全忠,等.瓮安县黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数变化规律[J].山地农业生物学报,2013,32(5):393-396.
[15]李恩涛,周全忠,李跃辉,等.瓮安县黑线姬鼠种群数量变化规律[J].江西农业学报,2013,25(10):93-95.
[16]龙贵兴,罗文忠,刘琼华.大方县农区鼠类种群组成及种群数量预测[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(6):102-105.
[17]杨再学,金星,郭永旺,等.高山姬鼠种群数量动态及预测预报模型[J].生态学报,2010,30(13):3545-3552.
[18]杨再学,松会武,雷邦海.贵州省农田害鼠经济防治指标的研究[J].贵州农业科学,1993(3):32,28.
[19]金星,杨再学,刘晋,等.贵州省毒饵站灭鼠技术的研究与应用[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(9):107-112.
[20]郑元利,杨再学.毒饵站种类及其使用技术[J].农技服务,2008,25(8):69,108.
[21]罗文忠,龙贵兴.大方县农田鼠类调查[J].毕节师范高等专科学校学报,1999(4):39-41.
[22]杨再学,金星,郭永旺,等.高山姬鼠种群繁殖参数的变化[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(1):189-194.
[23]杨再学,龙贵兴,金星,等.四川短尾鼩的种群数量动态及繁殖特征变化[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(4):1493-1497.
[24]张知彬,朱靖,杨荷芳.中国啮齿类繁殖参数的地理变异[J].动物学报,1991,37(1):36-46.