马铃薯渣可压缩性研究
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摘要
通过对马铃薯渣进行压缩试验,获取了应力-应变曲线变化规律及回归模型,发现薯渣压缩过程可以分为松散、过渡、压紧3个阶段,得到了表征物料可压缩性的体积模量和比能耗等参数。同时分析了压缩密度、压缩速率和喂入量对物料可压缩性及压缩能耗的影响,结果表明:压缩至过渡阶段,薯渣能够保持较好的可压缩性,避免出现由于压力急增造成的能耗加剧,有利于生产加工;此外,压缩速率越高,薯渣达到同一应变时产生的压力和比能耗越大,进入压紧阶段后的可压缩性越差;而喂入量越大薯渣的可压缩性越好,比能耗也越小。因此,实际加工时可将薯渣压至过渡阶段压缩密度范围,并通过调节喂入量改善其可压缩性,以兼顾生产效率与能耗,进而优化薯渣的前处理工艺。
A large amount of reusable potato residues were obtained from starch production,and its compressibility had great effect on the production process selection and the design of equipment.The compressibility of potato residue was experimentally studied,and the stress-strain curve was measured and regressed.The results showed that the potato residue experienced three stages of being loose,transitional and tight during the compression,and the parameters,related to the compressibility,were obtained,such as bulk modulus and specific energy consumption.In the study,the compressibility and energy consumption under different compression rates and different feed quantities were also analyzed,and the results indicates that potato residue could have good compressibility until it was compressed to the transition stage(the density is 750~1 150 kg/m3).This was due to the low pressure and low specific energy consumption.When potato residue was compressed to the same strain,the compression rate was related to the pressure,specific energy consumption and the feed quanity.Therefore,compressing to the density of transitional stage and adjusting feed quantity could help to improve the compressibility of potato residue,both for increasing production efficiency and reducing energy consumption,and its pretreatment process would be optimized finally.
A large amount of reusable potato residues were obtained from starch production,and its compressibility had great effect on the production process selection and the design of equipment.The compressibility of potato residue was experimentally studied,and the stress-strain curve was measured and regressed.The results showed that the potato residue experienced three stages of being loose,transitional and tight during the compression,and the parameters,related to the compressibility,were obtained,such as bulk modulus and specific energy consumption.In the study,the compressibility and energy consumption under different compression rates and different feed quantities were also analyzed,and the results indicates that potato residue could have good compressibility until it was compressed to the transition stage(the density is 750~1 150 kg/m3).This was due to the low pressure and low specific energy consumption.When potato residue was compressed to the same strain,the compression rate was related to the pressure,specific energy consumption and the feed quanity.Therefore,compressing to the density of transitional stage and adjusting feed quantity could help to improve the compressibility of potato residue,both for increasing production efficiency and reducing energy consumption,and its pretreatment process would be optimized finally.
引文
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[12]张旭,王春光.温度对揉碎柠条可压缩性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(1):150-154.
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[15]杨晓清.河套蜜瓜流变特性及储运损伤控制的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2006:15-20.
[16]郑胜,王佳欣,张同开.模拟利用太阳能预处理玉米秸秆压缩成型试验[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(8):261-264.
[17]SUDHAGAR Mani,LOPE G Tabil,SHAHAB Sokhansanj.Specific energy requirement for compacting corn stover[J].Bioresource Technology,2006,97(12):1 420-1 426.
[2]余平,石彦忠.淀粉与淀粉制品工艺学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2011:119.
[3]XUE Ling-feng,LI Peng-fei,ZHANG Rong-fei,et al.Use of Fermented Potato Pulp in Diets Fed to Lactating Sows[J].Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,2011,10(15):2 032-2 037.
[4]贠建民,刘陇生,安志刚,等.马铃薯淀粉渣生料多菌种固态发酵生产蛋白饲料工艺[J].农业工程学报.2010,S2:399-404.
[5]OBIDZINSKI Slawomir.Utilization of post-production waste of potato pulp and buckwheat hulls in the form of pellets[J].Pol.J.Environ.Stud.,2014,23(4):1 391-1 395.
[6]SAITO Katsuichi,NODA Takahiro,TSUDA Shogo,et al.Effect of the dates of extraction on the quality of potato pulp[J].Bioresource Technology,2006,97(18):2 470-2 473.
[7]吕金顺,杨声,王小芳,等.马铃薯渣制膳食纤维的工艺研究[J].中国马铃薯,2001,15(6):332-334.
[8]郭文斌,高晶晶,德雪红.薯渣开闭式压缩成型装置的设计研究[J].食品与机械,2016,32(9):59-62.
[9]王洪波.羊草可压缩性及其应力松弛特性的虚拟样机分析研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2007:14-43.
[10]张旭.柠条可压缩性及应力松弛特性的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2009:12-32.
[11]范林,王春光,王洪波,等.揉碎玉米秸秆可压缩性研究[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(11):76-80.
[12]张旭,王春光.温度对揉碎柠条可压缩性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(1):150-154.
[13]周祖锷.农业物料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994:40-50.
[14]吕江南,龙超海,何宏彬,等.红麻料片的压缩特性及压力与压缩密度的数学模型[J].农业机械学报,1998,29(2):83-86.
[15]杨晓清.河套蜜瓜流变特性及储运损伤控制的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2006:15-20.
[16]郑胜,王佳欣,张同开.模拟利用太阳能预处理玉米秸秆压缩成型试验[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(8):261-264.
[17]SUDHAGAR Mani,LOPE G Tabil,SHAHAB Sokhansanj.Specific energy requirement for compacting corn stover[J].Bioresource Technology,2006,97(12):1 420-1 426.