苎麻茎秆的力学性能研究
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摘要
对成熟苎麻茎秆进行横观各向同性假设,参照塑料拉伸、压缩和金属扭转试验以及夹层结构弯曲性能试验的要求和标准,分别对苎麻茎秆、木质部进行拉伸、压缩、弯曲和扭转试验,对韧皮层进行拉伸、压缩试验,测定苎麻茎秆的基本力学参数。结果表明:苎麻茎秆拉伸弹性模量为1 013.19 MPa,压缩弹性模量为14.63 MPa,剪切模量为87.15 MPa,同性面泊松比为0.38,异性面泊松比小于0.016 6;木质部拉伸弹性模量为1 021.85 MPa,压缩弹性模量为16.99 MPa,剪切模量为99.05 MPa,同性面泊松比为0.33,异性面泊松比小于0.020 5;韧皮纤维层拉伸弹性模量为2 004.18 MPa,压缩弹性模量为4.01 MPa,剪切模量为38.76 MPa,同性面泊松比为0.58,异性面泊松比小于0.001 9。
Based on the transversely isotropic hypothesis, the ramie stalk and xylem were stretched, compressed, bent and twisted and the fiber layer was stretched and compressed to determine the basic mechanical parameters of ramie according to the requirements and standards of plastic tensile, compression and metal torsion tests and the bending performance test of sandwich structure. The results showed that the tensile elastic modulus of ramie stalk is 1 013.19 MPa, the compression modulus is 14.63 MPa, the shear modulus was 87.15 MPa, the poisson ratio of opposite surface is 0.38 and the poisson ratio of isotropic surface is less than 0.016 6. For the xylem, the tensile elastic modulus is 1 021.85 MPa, the compression modulus is 16.99 MPa, the shear modulus was 99.05 MPa, the poisson ratio of opposite surface is 0.33 and the poisson ratio of isotropic surface is less than 0.020 5. For the fiber layer, the tensile elastic modulus is 2 004.18 MPa, the compression modulus is 4.01 MPa, the shear modulus is 38.76 MPa, the poisson ratio of opposite surface is 0.58 and the poisson ratio of isotropic surface is less than 0.001 9.
Based on the transversely isotropic hypothesis, the ramie stalk and xylem were stretched, compressed, bent and twisted and the fiber layer was stretched and compressed to determine the basic mechanical parameters of ramie according to the requirements and standards of plastic tensile, compression and metal torsion tests and the bending performance test of sandwich structure. The results showed that the tensile elastic modulus of ramie stalk is 1 013.19 MPa, the compression modulus is 14.63 MPa, the shear modulus was 87.15 MPa, the poisson ratio of opposite surface is 0.38 and the poisson ratio of isotropic surface is less than 0.016 6. For the xylem, the tensile elastic modulus is 1 021.85 MPa, the compression modulus is 16.99 MPa, the shear modulus was 99.05 MPa, the poisson ratio of opposite surface is 0.33 and the poisson ratio of isotropic surface is less than 0.020 5. For the fiber layer, the tensile elastic modulus is 2 004.18 MPa, the compression modulus is 4.01 MPa, the shear modulus is 38.76 MPa, the poisson ratio of opposite surface is 0.58 and the poisson ratio of isotropic surface is less than 0.001 9.
引文
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[2]龙超海,吕江南,马兰,等.4BM-260型苎麻剥麻机的研制[J].中国麻业科学,2011,33(2):76-80.
[3]吕江南,龙超海,赵举,等.横向喂入式苎麻剥麻机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(16):16-21.
[4]李显旺,黄继承,张彬,等.履带式苎麻联合收割机的设计与试验[J].中国农机化研究,2013,34(1):123-125.
[5]苏工兵.苎麻茎秆力学建模及有限元模拟分析研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2007.
[6]李忱,杨桂通,黄执中.非线性横观各向同性弹性材料的本构方程及其势函数[J].力学季刊,2009,30(4):518-519.
[7]GB/T1040.1-2006塑料拉伸性能的测试[S].
[8]GB/T1041-2008塑料压缩性能的测试[S].
[9]GB/T10128-2007金属材料温室扭转试验方法[S].
[10]GB/T 1456-2005夹层结构弯曲性能试验方法[S].
[11]周祝林.国家标准GB 1456扩大应用范围[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,1998(2):18-20.
[12]刘鸿文.材料力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2011:78-84.
[13]陈建桥.复合材料力学[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2016:83-84.
[14]刘兆明,谢方平,吴明亮,等.苎麻成熟期底部茎秆的机械物理特性参数研究[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,37(3):18-20.
[15]张少实,庄茁.复合材料与粘弹性力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:22-25.