脂肪酶前处理油脂的效果及其对肉鸡生长性能的影响
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摘要
试验首先筛选了黑曲霉来源脂肪酶体外水解猪油的适宜p H值、温度和脂肪酶添加剂量等关键参数,然后代谢试验评定体外酶解猪油代谢能值的变化,最后选取700只42日龄黄羽肉鸡开展饲养试验研究使用脂肪酶体外水解猪油或直接在肉鸡日粮中添加脂肪酶对肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能的影响。试验表明:1本试验条件下,脂肪酶体外水解猪油较适宜的p H值和温度、酶添加剂量参数值分别为8.0、40℃、64 U/g猪油;在此条件下酶解处理后猪油代谢能值提高了4.81%。2降低肉鸡日粮能量水平导致其日增重和饲料报酬降低,使用酶解处理油脂或直接添加脂肪酶均改善了采食低能量日粮肉鸡生长性能,其生长性能可达到甚至数值上超过采食正常能量日粮肉鸡的生长性能。3使用酶解处理油脂或直接添加脂肪酶对肉鸡屠宰性能均没有显著影响。
In this study, in order to achieve maximum rate of hydrolysis, a series of tests were done toscreen the suitable parameters of p H, temperature and enzyme dosage of hydrolysis reaction. And theTME of hydrolyzed lipid was determined by metabolism trial of broilers. Then, 700 yellow-featheredchickens(half male, half female)were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 5 replicates of 35 chickenseach, and were used to evaluate the effects of li-pase on the performance, carcass traits andblood lipids of broiler chickens. The resultsshowed as following: 1 the suitable parametersof p H, temperature and enzyme dosage of fat-hy-drolyzing process by lipase in vitro were 8.0、40 ℃、64 U lipases per g lard, respectively; and the ME of lard hydrolyzed by lipase in vitro was improved by 4.81%. 2ADG and FCR of broilerchickens fed diet with low energy were decreased compared with that of control group. Treatments ofdiet used lipid hydrolyzed by lipase in vitro and supplementation with lipase in diet improve thegrowth performance of broiler chickens, and their performance reached the level of control group. 3Carcass traits of birds fed diet with hydrolyzed lipid or diet supplemented with lipase were not signifi-cantly different to that of the control group.
In this study, in order to achieve maximum rate of hydrolysis, a series of tests were done toscreen the suitable parameters of p H, temperature and enzyme dosage of hydrolysis reaction. And theTME of hydrolyzed lipid was determined by metabolism trial of broilers. Then, 700 yellow-featheredchickens(half male, half female)were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 5 replicates of 35 chickenseach, and were used to evaluate the effects of li-pase on the performance, carcass traits andblood lipids of broiler chickens. The resultsshowed as following: 1 the suitable parametersof p H, temperature and enzyme dosage of fat-hy-drolyzing process by lipase in vitro were 8.0、40 ℃、64 U lipases per g lard, respectively; and the ME of lard hydrolyzed by lipase in vitro was improved by 4.81%. 2ADG and FCR of broilerchickens fed diet with low energy were decreased compared with that of control group. Treatments ofdiet used lipid hydrolyzed by lipase in vitro and supplementation with lipase in diet improve thegrowth performance of broiler chickens, and their performance reached the level of control group. 3Carcass traits of birds fed diet with hydrolyzed lipid or diet supplemented with lipase were not signifi-cantly different to that of the control group.
引文
[1]张镇福,苏忠厚,李德发.同来源的脂肪对肉仔鸡生产性能、腹脂含量和脚胫着色的影响[J].饲料工业,2001,22(6):30-32.
[2]Nahashon S N,Adefope N,Amenyenu A,et al.Effects of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein concentrations on growth performance and carcass characteristics of French guinea broilers[J].Poultry Science,2005,84:337-344.
[3]李勇,蔡辉益,刘国华,等.能量和蛋白质水平对1~21日龄肉仔鸡生长性能、体蛋白质及体脂肪沉积的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(4):886-893.
[4]刘梅.急性热应激对肉仔鸡生长性能及脂肪代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(5):862-868.
[5]叶慧,雷建平,冯定远,等.不同微生物脂肪酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标和胸肌脂肪含量的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2013,34(3):399-404.
[6]赵海珍,陆兆新,刘战民,等.脂肪酶改良猪油制备功能性脂的研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(8):173-177.
[7]宋少芳,栾玉霞,路福绥.微乳液凝胶固定化脂肪酶催化α-2单硬脂酸甘油酯水解反应活性[J].应用化学,2006,23(2):188-192.
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[9]高昆玉,朱秀玲,富洵,等.8901脂肪酶催化油脂水解反应的研究[J].精细化工,1992(5/6):67-71.
[10]Wang Y,Wu H,Zong M H.Improvement of biodiesel production by lipozyme TLIM-catalyzed methanolysis using response surface methodology and acylmigration enhancer[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99:7232-7237.
[11]Rodrigues R C,Marco A,Ayub Z.Effects of the combined use of thermomyces lanuginosus and rhizomucor miehei lipases for the transesterification and hydrolysis of soybean oil[J].Process Biochemistry,2011,46:682-688.
[12]雷建平.不同脂肪酶及其优化组合对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和脂质代谢的影响[D].华南农业大学硕士学位论文,2012.
[13]李娟娟,佟建明,董晓芳,等.油脂类型和日粮能量对肉仔鸡生长性能和脂肪沉积的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(5):501-508.
[14]颜士禄,张铁鹰,刘强,等.爱拔益加肉鸡和北京油鸡脂肪酶活性及粗脂肪消化率的比较研究[J].动物营养学报,2009,21(3):393-397.
[15]Tan S H,Thomas D V,Camden B J,et al.Improving the nutritive value of full-fat rice bran for broiler chickens using a lipase-based enzymes preparation[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2000,13(3):360-368.
[16]Pluske J R,Hampson D J,Williams I H.Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pigs:a review[J].Livestock Production Science,1997,51:215-236.
[17]Pratuangde J,Dharmsthiti S.Purification and characterization of lipase from Psychrophillic Acinetobacter calcoaceticus LP009[J].Microbiology Reviews,2000,155(2):95-100.
[18]Tanaka T,Katsuma S,Adachi T,et al.Free fatty acids induce cholecystokinin secretion through GPR120[J].Naunyn-Schmiede-bergs Arch.Pharmacol.,2008,377:523-527.
[19]Dierick N A,Decuypere J A,Degeyter I.The combined use of whole Cuphea seeds containing medium chain fatty acids and an exogenous lipase in piglet nutrition[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2004,57(1):49-63.
[20]Iqbal J,Hussain M M.Intestinal lipid absorption[J].American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism,2009,296:1183-1194.
[2]Nahashon S N,Adefope N,Amenyenu A,et al.Effects of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein concentrations on growth performance and carcass characteristics of French guinea broilers[J].Poultry Science,2005,84:337-344.
[3]李勇,蔡辉益,刘国华,等.能量和蛋白质水平对1~21日龄肉仔鸡生长性能、体蛋白质及体脂肪沉积的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(4):886-893.
[4]刘梅.急性热应激对肉仔鸡生长性能及脂肪代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(5):862-868.
[5]叶慧,雷建平,冯定远,等.不同微生物脂肪酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标和胸肌脂肪含量的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2013,34(3):399-404.
[6]赵海珍,陆兆新,刘战民,等.脂肪酶改良猪油制备功能性脂的研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(8):173-177.
[7]宋少芳,栾玉霞,路福绥.微乳液凝胶固定化脂肪酶催化α-2单硬脂酸甘油酯水解反应活性[J].应用化学,2006,23(2):188-192.
[8]陈少欣,林文蛮,黄惠莉.脂肪酶水解植物油及动力学参数测定[J].福建化工,1995(4):17-19.
[9]高昆玉,朱秀玲,富洵,等.8901脂肪酶催化油脂水解反应的研究[J].精细化工,1992(5/6):67-71.
[10]Wang Y,Wu H,Zong M H.Improvement of biodiesel production by lipozyme TLIM-catalyzed methanolysis using response surface methodology and acylmigration enhancer[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99:7232-7237.
[11]Rodrigues R C,Marco A,Ayub Z.Effects of the combined use of thermomyces lanuginosus and rhizomucor miehei lipases for the transesterification and hydrolysis of soybean oil[J].Process Biochemistry,2011,46:682-688.
[12]雷建平.不同脂肪酶及其优化组合对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和脂质代谢的影响[D].华南农业大学硕士学位论文,2012.
[13]李娟娟,佟建明,董晓芳,等.油脂类型和日粮能量对肉仔鸡生长性能和脂肪沉积的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(5):501-508.
[14]颜士禄,张铁鹰,刘强,等.爱拔益加肉鸡和北京油鸡脂肪酶活性及粗脂肪消化率的比较研究[J].动物营养学报,2009,21(3):393-397.
[15]Tan S H,Thomas D V,Camden B J,et al.Improving the nutritive value of full-fat rice bran for broiler chickens using a lipase-based enzymes preparation[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2000,13(3):360-368.
[16]Pluske J R,Hampson D J,Williams I H.Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pigs:a review[J].Livestock Production Science,1997,51:215-236.
[17]Pratuangde J,Dharmsthiti S.Purification and characterization of lipase from Psychrophillic Acinetobacter calcoaceticus LP009[J].Microbiology Reviews,2000,155(2):95-100.
[18]Tanaka T,Katsuma S,Adachi T,et al.Free fatty acids induce cholecystokinin secretion through GPR120[J].Naunyn-Schmiede-bergs Arch.Pharmacol.,2008,377:523-527.
[19]Dierick N A,Decuypere J A,Degeyter I.The combined use of whole Cuphea seeds containing medium chain fatty acids and an exogenous lipase in piglet nutrition[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2004,57(1):49-63.
[20]Iqbal J,Hussain M M.Intestinal lipid absorption[J].American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism,2009,296:1183-1194.