ATS药物依赖者血液传染性疾病危险因素分析
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摘要
目的:分析苯丙胺类兴奋剂(ATS)药物依赖者血液传染性疾病危险因素,为该人群病情监测和治疗提供有效依据。方法:收集万源市戒毒所2017年1月15日至2018年9月30日入所的289名ATS类戒毒人员的调查问卷和血清学样本,分析社会学指标的相关因素,所有数据使用SPSS 22. 0统计学软件进行分析。结果:289名ATS药物依赖者中,男性235名(81. 31%),女性54名(18. 69%),平均年龄36. 12±3. 67 a; ATS药物依赖者中感染HIV有14名(4. 84%),感染HCV103名(35. 64%),感染梅毒19名(6. 57%),两种病毒混合感染11名(3. 81%),三种病毒混合感染1名(0. 34%); ATS药物依赖者HIV感染的危险因素为注射吸毒(OR=5. 546)、商业性行为(OR=14. 546)、吸毒年限(OR=5. 019)和吸毒量(OR=14. 558); ATS药物依赖者HCV感染的危险因素为商业性行为(OR=4. 686)、吸毒年限(OR=5. 033)和吸毒量(OR=2. 711); ATS药物依赖者HCV感染的危险因素为初中及以下学历(OR=3. 873)、商业性行为(OR=4. 686)和吸毒量(OR=3. 291)。结论:ATS滥用是导致HIV和性传播疾病感染的重要危险因素。建议在ATS滥用群体加强宣传HIV、HCV及梅毒的基本知识,预防、干预吸毒人群经血和性途径传播感染性疾病。
Objective: To analyze the risk factors of blood infectious diseases in drug addicts with amphetamine( ATS),and to provide effective basis for disease monitoring and treatment.Methods:Questionnaire answers and serological samples were collected from 289 newly admitted ATS drug addicts from January 15,2017 to September 30,2018 in Wanyuan Drug Rehabilitation Institute. Relevant factors of sociological indicators were analyzed. Data management and statistical analysis were carried out using SPSS 22. 0.Results: Among 289 ATS drug addicts,235( 81. 31%) were males and 54( 18. 69%) were females,with an average age of 36. 12 + 3. 67 years; 14( 4. 84%) were HIV-infected,103( 35. 64%) were HCV-infected,19( 6. 57%) were syphilis-infected,11( 3. 81%) were syphilis-infected,and 1( 0. 34%) were ATS drug-dependent. The risk factors of HIV infection in lairs were injecting drug use( OR = 5. 546),commercial sexual behavior( OR = 14. 546),drug use years( OR =5. 019) and drug use amount( OR = 14. 558); the risk factors of HCV infection in ATS drug addicts were commercial sexual behavior( OR = 4. 686),years of drug use( OR = 5. 033) and drug use amount( OR = 2. 711); the risk factors of HCV infection in ATS drug addicts were junior high school educationand below.( OR = 3. 873),commercial sexual behavior( OR = 4. 686) and drug abuse( OR = 3. 291).Conclusion: ATS abuse is an important risk factor for HIV and STD infection. It is suggested that basic knowledge of HIV,HCV and syphilis should be strengthened among ATS abusers. We should prevent and intervene blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases among drug addicts.
Objective: To analyze the risk factors of blood infectious diseases in drug addicts with amphetamine( ATS),and to provide effective basis for disease monitoring and treatment.Methods:Questionnaire answers and serological samples were collected from 289 newly admitted ATS drug addicts from January 15,2017 to September 30,2018 in Wanyuan Drug Rehabilitation Institute. Relevant factors of sociological indicators were analyzed. Data management and statistical analysis were carried out using SPSS 22. 0.Results: Among 289 ATS drug addicts,235( 81. 31%) were males and 54( 18. 69%) were females,with an average age of 36. 12 + 3. 67 years; 14( 4. 84%) were HIV-infected,103( 35. 64%) were HCV-infected,19( 6. 57%) were syphilis-infected,11( 3. 81%) were syphilis-infected,and 1( 0. 34%) were ATS drug-dependent. The risk factors of HIV infection in lairs were injecting drug use( OR = 5. 546),commercial sexual behavior( OR = 14. 546),drug use years( OR =5. 019) and drug use amount( OR = 14. 558); the risk factors of HCV infection in ATS drug addicts were commercial sexual behavior( OR = 4. 686),years of drug use( OR = 5. 033) and drug use amount( OR = 2. 711); the risk factors of HCV infection in ATS drug addicts were junior high school educationand below.( OR = 3. 873),commercial sexual behavior( OR = 4. 686) and drug abuse( OR = 3. 291).Conclusion: ATS abuse is an important risk factor for HIV and STD infection. It is suggested that basic knowledge of HIV,HCV and syphilis should be strengthened among ATS abusers. We should prevent and intervene blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases among drug addicts.
引文
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[20]李秀莺.新会区2004-2008年吸毒人群艾滋病监测分析[J].现代预防医学,2010,12(6):32-33.
[21]李潇潇,邓艳萍.阿片类药物在慢性疼痛控制中的成瘾风险与评价[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,2013,19(5):271-274.
[22]戴洁,杨莉,马艳玲,等. 2010-2012年HIV抗体诊断试剂质量评估结果分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2015. 6(6):529.
[23]Jia ZJ,Yan SY,Bao YP,et al. Sexual behavior differences between amphetamine-type stimulants users and heroin users[J].J Addict Med,2013,7(6):422.
[2]阎锴娟,谢侃侃,罗小年.常见新型毒品简介[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2012,20(9):1437-1439.
[3]黄钢桥,袁秀琴,陈曦.新型毒品滥用与艾滋病的传播[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(5):638-640.
[4]王玮,任桂秋,肇恒伟,等.新型毒品滥用者艾滋病相关知识及行为调查[J].中国公共卫生,2012,28(8):1073-1075.
[5]何荣功.十年来我国毒品滥用趋势与特点的实证分析———兼论我国毒品治理方向的调整[J].辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2012,40(2):117-123.
[6]Hhang L,Alicata D,Ernst T,et al. Structural and metabolic brain changes in the striatum associated with methamphetamine abuse[J]. Addiction,2010,102(s1):16-32.
[7] Leita珓o RA,Sereno J,Castelhano JM,et al. Aquaporin-4 as a New Target against Methamphetamine-Induced Brain Alterations:Focus on the Neurogliovascular Unit and Motivational Behavior[J]. Mol Neurobiol,2018,55(3):2056-2069.
[8]陈群,周文华.甲基苯丙胺依赖与中脑边缘多巴胺神经系统相关研究[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2012,25(3):62-66.
[9]张忠明,赵艳明,朱波,等.甲基苯丙胺依赖相关神经递质研究进展[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2013(5):329-333.
[10]刘瑛.上海市普陀区社区吸毒人群艾滋病性病感染风险研究[D].复旦大学,2012.
[11]范妮,安丽娜,周燕玲.广东地区187例甲基苯丙胺滥用人群基本情况调查[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,2018,24(5):256-259.
[12]蒋和宏,陈于,欧阳琳.新型毒品滥用与男男性行为者艾滋病的传播[J].重庆医学,2017,46(13):1848-1850.
[13]卢姗,李培龙,葛琳,等.青岛市男男性行为者中滥用新型毒品者的艾滋病相关性行为特征[J].中国艾滋病性病,2018,24(4):368-372.
[14]陶礼平.常州地区男性吸毒人员HCV、HBV、梅毒、HIV感染调查[J].深圳中西医结合杂志,2016,26(2):23-24.
[15]刘效峰,王娜,吴振强.上海市宝山区社区吸毒人群艾滋病、丙型肝炎及梅毒感染状况[J].职业与健康,2011,27(10):1094-1096.
[16]刘夏,何荣功.毒品的泛滥与治理:全球视野下的比较[J].中国审判,2012,6(7):26-29.
[17]刘涛.苏州市强制戒毒人群艾滋病、丙肝、梅毒感染情况与相关行为调查[D].苏州大学,2016.
[18]Bao Y,Qiu Y,Yan S,et al. Pattern of Drug Use and Depressive Symptoms among Amphetamine Type Stimulants Users in Beijing and Guangdong Province,China[J]. Plos One,2013,8(4):e60544.
[19]陈嘉宝,叶拓丽,孙新珺. 492例冰毒依赖者呼吸系统疾病临床分析[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,2016,22(1):19-21.
[20]李秀莺.新会区2004-2008年吸毒人群艾滋病监测分析[J].现代预防医学,2010,12(6):32-33.
[21]李潇潇,邓艳萍.阿片类药物在慢性疼痛控制中的成瘾风险与评价[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,2013,19(5):271-274.
[22]戴洁,杨莉,马艳玲,等. 2010-2012年HIV抗体诊断试剂质量评估结果分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2015. 6(6):529.
[23]Jia ZJ,Yan SY,Bao YP,et al. Sexual behavior differences between amphetamine-type stimulants users and heroin users[J].J Addict Med,2013,7(6):422.