大学生体质测试不合格人群的特征分析与应对策略——以江苏省6所高校为例
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摘要
运用问卷调查、实验、数理统计等方法对2011-2015年江苏省6所高校《国家学生体质健康标准》(以下简称《标准》)不合格学生的情况进行调查和分析,结果表明:《标准》不合格学生身体形态以肥胖为主,身体机能受选测指标影响很大,身体素质发展极不均衡且薄弱素质突出;锻炼行为意识和行为习惯水平均处于严重缺乏状态;且《标准》评价效能不佳。结论:《标准》的实施在评价指标、评价标准、网络化管理、测试后续指导服务环节等方面都存在不完善之处,测试与教学改革和学生实际需要脱节,缺少有效干预措施对体质弱势群体的健康行为产生积极影响。
The unqualified physical health data from 6 universities in Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2015 is analyzed by experimental method and mathematical statistics after questionnaires. The results show that students of unqualified physical health mainly have fat body. The body function is highly affected by the selected measurement indicators,the physique development is unequal with obvious weak quality,and a serious lack of exercise consciousness and exercise behavior is obvious. The conclusions are thought provoking,that is the implementation of "National Student Physical Health Standard"has imperfections in propaganda,the evaluation index,evaluation criteria,evaluation efficiency network management and after-test guidance service etc. We are in need of effective interventions to affect students' health behaviors positively,to change the disconnection between students' status quo and reforms in tests and teaching.
The unqualified physical health data from 6 universities in Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2015 is analyzed by experimental method and mathematical statistics after questionnaires. The results show that students of unqualified physical health mainly have fat body. The body function is highly affected by the selected measurement indicators,the physique development is unequal with obvious weak quality,and a serious lack of exercise consciousness and exercise behavior is obvious. The conclusions are thought provoking,that is the implementation of "National Student Physical Health Standard"has imperfections in propaganda,the evaluation index,evaluation criteria,evaluation efficiency network management and after-test guidance service etc. We are in need of effective interventions to affect students' health behaviors positively,to change the disconnection between students' status quo and reforms in tests and teaching.
引文
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[2][6]谢红光.体质健康信念对大学生体育锻炼行为意向及行为习惯的影响[D].北京:北京体育大学,2012.
[3]刘国永.2000-2010年中日学生的体质差异与成因分析[J].北京体育大学学报,2013,36(1):79-83.
[4]蔡瑞金.中国国家学生体质健康标准与美国最佳体适能标准比较研究[J].成都体育学院学报,2011,37(4):91-94.
[5]龚大利.中日两国大学生现行体质健康标准及评价方法的比较研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2006,29(9):1221-1224.
[7]戴霞等.《国家学生体质健康标准》评价效能的反思与优化——大学生体质健康预警机制的构建[J].中国体育科技,2012,48(3):75-82.
[8]王政等.肺活量体重指数评价体系的合理性思考[J].成都体育学院学报,2013,39(7):86-90.
[9]岳建军.美国青少年体质健康评价体系及其启示[J].体育文化导刊,2013,7(7):35-38.
[10]张小龙.运用信息网络化技术构建高校《国家学生体质健康标准》测试评价系统研究[J].山东体育学院学报,2010,26(2):83-85.