受限空间钻孔工人的肌肉疲劳特性研究
|
摘要
为了研究受限空间下钻孔工人在作业过程中的肌肉疲劳特征,通过模拟试验,测量立姿、半蹲姿、全蹲姿姿势下,颈夹肌、胸腰筋膜等10块肌肉的表面肌电值(sEMG);用中值频率(MF)作为指标,根据MF下降率评定各肌肉的疲劳程度,并通过设置不同的时间梯度,对比疲劳程度的变化,从而提出减轻肌肉疲劳的方案。试验结果表明:肌肉疲劳程度越深,MF下降越快;腰部3种姿势下均表现出较高的下降率(0. 374±0. 129),立姿中颈部下降率(0. 60)、蹲姿中小腿胫骨肌下降率(0. 55)也较高;而调整作业周期可以使MF值下降1. 33～9. 85倍,有效减轻疲劳程度。
In order to study the muscle fatigue characteristics of drilling workers in confined spaces,the sEMG of ten muscles such as splenius cervicis and thoracolumbar fascia was measured under standing posture,semi-squatting posture and full knee posture through the simulation experiments. Using the MF as an indicator,the fatigue degree of each muscle was evaluated according to the MF reduction rate,and different time gradients were set to compare the change of fatigue degree,thereby proposing a solution to reduce muscle fatigue. The experimental results show that the deeper the muscle fatigue degree is,the faster the MF declines,that the waist shows a high rate of decline( 0. 374±0. 129) in all three postures,that the drop rate( 0. 60) of the neck is higher in the standing position and the drop rate( 0. 55) of tibial muscle is higher in the kneeling position,and that the adjustment of the working cycle can reduce the MF value by 1. 33-9. 85 times and effectively reduce fatigue.
In order to study the muscle fatigue characteristics of drilling workers in confined spaces,the sEMG of ten muscles such as splenius cervicis and thoracolumbar fascia was measured under standing posture,semi-squatting posture and full knee posture through the simulation experiments. Using the MF as an indicator,the fatigue degree of each muscle was evaluated according to the MF reduction rate,and different time gradients were set to compare the change of fatigue degree,thereby proposing a solution to reduce muscle fatigue. The experimental results show that the deeper the muscle fatigue degree is,the faster the MF declines,that the waist shows a high rate of decline( 0. 374±0. 129) in all three postures,that the drop rate( 0. 60) of the neck is higher in the standing position and the drop rate( 0. 55) of tibial muscle is higher in the kneeling position,and that the adjustment of the working cycle can reduce the MF value by 1. 33-9. 85 times and effectively reduce fatigue.
引文
[1]孙天国,赵胜典.职业性肌肉骨骼损伤及其研究进展[J].航空航天医学杂志,2001,12(2):99-101.
[2]曹昂,张珅嘉,刘睿,等.基于表面肌电信号的肌肉疲劳状态分类系统[J].计算机应用,2018,38(6):1 801-1 808.CAO Ang,ZHANG Shenjia,LIU Rui,et al. Muscle fatigue status classification system based on electromyography signal[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2018,38(6):1 801-1 808.
[3] QI Wu,CHEN Xi,LU Ding,et al. Classification of EMG signals by BFA-optimized GSVCM for diagnosis of fatigue status[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering,2017,14(2):915-930.
[4] YAMAGUCHI Taihiko,MIKAMI Saki,SAITO Miku,et al. A newly developed ultraminiature wearable electromyogram system useful for analyses of masseteric activity during the whole day[J]. Journal of Prosthodontic Research,2017,62(1):110-115
[5] KANG S K,KIM J,KWON M,et al. Objectivity and validity of EMG method in estimating anaerobic threshold[J].International Journal of Sports Medicine,2014,35(9):737-742.
[6] HOSTENS I,RAMON H. Assessment of muscle fatigue in low level monotonous task performance during car driving[J].Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology,2005,15(3):266-274.
[7]包萨日娜,朱守林,戚春华,等.驾驶员颈部肌肉疲劳试验研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(5):68-72.BAO Sarina,ZHU Shoulin,QI Chunhua,et al. Experimental study on drivers'neck muscle fatigue[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(5):68-72.
[8]张秋霞,张林.功能性不稳踝关节肌肉疲劳过程中肌电的瞬时中值频率变化研究[J].体育科学,2010,30(9):49-54.ZHANG Qiuxia,ZHANG Lin. Electromyography instantaneous median frequency alternations during the local muscle fatigue of the ankle with functional instability[J]. China Sport Science,2010,30(9):49-54.
[9]纪磊.受限空间作业事故的影响因素和原因分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(6):92-95,100.JI Lei. Influence factors and cause analysis of working accidents in confined space[J]. Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2017,44(6):92-95,100.
[10]晋良海,张荣坤,郑霞忠,等.隧洞钻孔作业工效及低位作业姿势研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(4):66-71.JIN Lianghai, ZHANG Rongkun, ZHENG Xiazhong, et al. Research on simulation of drilling work posture and optimization of lowing work posture for tunnel[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(4):66-71.
[11]王磊,史德强,柴双龙,等.掘进钻眼工作业姿势改善研究[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(4):75-77.WANG Lei,SHI Deqiang,CHAI Shuanglong,et al. Improvement on drilling posture in tunneling[J]. Coal Engineering,2015,47(4):75-77.
[12]牟永阁.基于时频和时间尺度分析的表面肌电信号研究及应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.MU Yongge. Research and application of surface EMG signals based on time-frequency and time-scale analysis[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2004.
[13]梁红英,吴闻文,于红,等.应用肌电中值频率对高原汽车驾驶员腰背肌疲劳的监测研究[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2002,20(6):65-67.LIANG Hongying,WU Wenwen,YU Hong,et al. A monitoring study of electromyography median frequency on fatigue of erector spinalis in drivers working at high altitude[J]. Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases,2002,20(6):65-67.
[14]梁政,杨基海,钱晓进,等.基于时频分布的表面肌电信号瞬时中值频率的研究[J].航天医学与医学工程,2004,17(1):54-58.LIANG Zheng,YANG Jihai,QIAN Xiaojin,et al. A study on instantaneous median frequency of surface EMG signals based on time-frequency distributions[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2004,17(1):54-58.
[2]曹昂,张珅嘉,刘睿,等.基于表面肌电信号的肌肉疲劳状态分类系统[J].计算机应用,2018,38(6):1 801-1 808.CAO Ang,ZHANG Shenjia,LIU Rui,et al. Muscle fatigue status classification system based on electromyography signal[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2018,38(6):1 801-1 808.
[3] QI Wu,CHEN Xi,LU Ding,et al. Classification of EMG signals by BFA-optimized GSVCM for diagnosis of fatigue status[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering,2017,14(2):915-930.
[4] YAMAGUCHI Taihiko,MIKAMI Saki,SAITO Miku,et al. A newly developed ultraminiature wearable electromyogram system useful for analyses of masseteric activity during the whole day[J]. Journal of Prosthodontic Research,2017,62(1):110-115
[5] KANG S K,KIM J,KWON M,et al. Objectivity and validity of EMG method in estimating anaerobic threshold[J].International Journal of Sports Medicine,2014,35(9):737-742.
[6] HOSTENS I,RAMON H. Assessment of muscle fatigue in low level monotonous task performance during car driving[J].Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology,2005,15(3):266-274.
[7]包萨日娜,朱守林,戚春华,等.驾驶员颈部肌肉疲劳试验研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(5):68-72.BAO Sarina,ZHU Shoulin,QI Chunhua,et al. Experimental study on drivers'neck muscle fatigue[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(5):68-72.
[8]张秋霞,张林.功能性不稳踝关节肌肉疲劳过程中肌电的瞬时中值频率变化研究[J].体育科学,2010,30(9):49-54.ZHANG Qiuxia,ZHANG Lin. Electromyography instantaneous median frequency alternations during the local muscle fatigue of the ankle with functional instability[J]. China Sport Science,2010,30(9):49-54.
[9]纪磊.受限空间作业事故的影响因素和原因分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(6):92-95,100.JI Lei. Influence factors and cause analysis of working accidents in confined space[J]. Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2017,44(6):92-95,100.
[10]晋良海,张荣坤,郑霞忠,等.隧洞钻孔作业工效及低位作业姿势研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(4):66-71.JIN Lianghai, ZHANG Rongkun, ZHENG Xiazhong, et al. Research on simulation of drilling work posture and optimization of lowing work posture for tunnel[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(4):66-71.
[11]王磊,史德强,柴双龙,等.掘进钻眼工作业姿势改善研究[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(4):75-77.WANG Lei,SHI Deqiang,CHAI Shuanglong,et al. Improvement on drilling posture in tunneling[J]. Coal Engineering,2015,47(4):75-77.
[12]牟永阁.基于时频和时间尺度分析的表面肌电信号研究及应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.MU Yongge. Research and application of surface EMG signals based on time-frequency and time-scale analysis[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2004.
[13]梁红英,吴闻文,于红,等.应用肌电中值频率对高原汽车驾驶员腰背肌疲劳的监测研究[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2002,20(6):65-67.LIANG Hongying,WU Wenwen,YU Hong,et al. A monitoring study of electromyography median frequency on fatigue of erector spinalis in drivers working at high altitude[J]. Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases,2002,20(6):65-67.
[14]梁政,杨基海,钱晓进,等.基于时频分布的表面肌电信号瞬时中值频率的研究[J].航天医学与医学工程,2004,17(1):54-58.LIANG Zheng,YANG Jihai,QIAN Xiaojin,et al. A study on instantaneous median frequency of surface EMG signals based on time-frequency distributions[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2004,17(1):54-58.