热处理对铸造Al-10Si-5Cu-0.75Mg合金组织及性能的影响
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摘要
利用扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、X射线衍射仪、万能拉伸试验机、布氏硬度计等分析和测试了Al-10Si-5Cu-0.75Mg合金的显微组织和力学性能,探讨了合金热处理过程中析出相的溶解过程和强韧化机制。结果表明,合金最佳热处理工艺为500℃×8 h固溶,190℃×6 h人工时效;合金抗拉强度、硬度、伸长率与铸态相比分别提高了40%、62%、29%。固溶过程产生的强化主要是来自Al_2Cu相的溶解,时效过程产生的强化主要是由于析出相θ'对位错的阻碍作用。
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-10Si-5Cu-0.75 Mg cast alloy were analyzed by means of scanning electronic microscopy,energy dispersive spectrometer analysis,X-ray diffraction,tensile and brinell hardness tests.The dissolution of the precipitate phases and strengthening-toughening mechanism during the heat treatment were discussed.The results show that the optimal heat treatment processes of the alloy are solid solution at 500 ℃ for 8 h and artificial aging at 190 ℃ for 6 h.The tensile strength,hardness,and fracture toughness of the alloy after the heat treatment increase by 40%,62% and 62%,respectively,compared with that of the as-cast condition.The improvements of mechanical properties of the alloy after solid solution are mainly attribute to the dissolution of Al_2Cu phase.The mechanism of aging strengthening is due to the hindering dislocation motion of the precipitated phase θ'.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-10Si-5Cu-0.75 Mg cast alloy were analyzed by means of scanning electronic microscopy,energy dispersive spectrometer analysis,X-ray diffraction,tensile and brinell hardness tests.The dissolution of the precipitate phases and strengthening-toughening mechanism during the heat treatment were discussed.The results show that the optimal heat treatment processes of the alloy are solid solution at 500 ℃ for 8 h and artificial aging at 190 ℃ for 6 h.The tensile strength,hardness,and fracture toughness of the alloy after the heat treatment increase by 40%,62% and 62%,respectively,compared with that of the as-cast condition.The improvements of mechanical properties of the alloy after solid solution are mainly attribute to the dissolution of Al_2Cu phase.The mechanism of aging strengthening is due to the hindering dislocation motion of the precipitated phase θ'.
引文
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[2]Tan J B,Xing S M,Li L X,et al.Influences of microstructure characteristics of semi-solid A356 alloy on filling ability[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2006,16(4):612-617.
[3]杨义,徐锋,黄爱军,等.全片层BT18Y钛合金在α+β相区固溶时的显微组织演化[J].金属学报,2005,41(7):713-720.YANG Yi,XU Feng,HUANG Ai-jun,et al.Evolution of microsture of full lamellar titanium alloy BT18Y solutionized atα+βphase field[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2005,41(7):713-720.
[4]贾和坤.轻型车用柴油机预混合低温燃烧机理及排放控制研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2013.JIA He-kun.Research on the mechanism of low-temperature premixed combustion and emission control for light-duty vehicle diesel engines[D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2013.
[5]李庆林,兰晔峰,王富寿,等.热扩散处理对Al-24%Si合金中初晶硅形态的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2010,31(12):29-32.LI Qing-lin,LAN Ye-feng,WANG Fu-shou,et al.Influence of heat treatment on primary silicon morphology in Al-24%Si hypereutectic alloy[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2010,31(12):29-32.
[6]Zeren M.The effect of heat-treatment on aluminum-based piston alloys[J].Materials&Design,2007,28(9):2511-2517.
[7]Chen C L,Richter A,Thomson R C.Mechanical properties of intermetallic phases in multi-component Al-Si alloys using nanoindentation[J].Intermetallis,2009,17(8):634-641.
[8]Ma Z,Sanuel E,Mohamed A M A,et al.Parameters controlling the microstructure of Al-11Si-2.5Cu-Mg alloys[J].Materials and Design,2010,31(2):902-912.
[9]Li Y,Yang Y,Wu Y,et al.Supportive strengthening role of Cr-rich phase on Al-Si multicomponent piston alloy at elevated temperature[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2011,528(13):4427-4430.
[10]Pech-Canul M A,Pech-Canul M I,Bartolo-Pérez P,et al.The role of silicon alloying addition on the pitting corrosion resistance of an Al-12wt.%Si alloy[J].Electrochimica Acta,2014,140(10):258-265.
[11]Jang Y S,Choi B H,Hong C P.Effects of electro-magnetic stirring on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties in semi-solid forming of a hypo-eutectic Al-Si-Cu-Ni-Mg alloy[J].Materials Transactions,2014,55(4):693-699.
[12]于海月.Al-13Si-5Cu-2Ni合金及其复合材料的组织与力学性能[D].吉林:吉林大学硕士学位论文,2015.YU Hai-yue.Microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-13Si-5Cu-2Ni alloy and its composites[D].Masteral Dissertation of Jilin University,2015.
[13]岳红印,孙瑜,侯贵华.热处理工艺对Al-10%Si-3%Cu-0.3%Mg合金微观组织和性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,2012,14(14):196-198.YUE Hong-yin,SUN Yu,HOU Gui-hua.Effect of heat treatment process on microstructure and properties of Al-10%Si-3%Cu-0.3%Mg alloy[J].Hot Working Technology,2012,14(14):196-198.
[14]Sjolander E,Seifeddine S.The heat treatment of Al-Si-Cu-Mg casting alloys[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2010,210(10):1249-1259.
[15]Long S,Beffort O,Cayron C,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of a high volume fraction Si C particle reinforced Al Cu4Mg Ag squeeze casting[J].Materials Science and Engineering,1999,269(1):175-185.
[16]Nayak D,Debata M.Effect of composition and milling time on mechanical and wear performance of copper-graphite composites processed by powder metallurgy route[J].Powder Metallurgy,2014,57(4):265-273.
[17]Li Z,Samuel A M,Samuel F H.Effect of alloying elements on the segregation and dissolution of Cu2Al phase in Al-Si-Cu 319 alloys[J].Journal of Materials Science,2003,38(6):1203-1218.