电网发电机功率分配及电网负载不均衡发展研究
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摘要
本文对电网发电站3种发电机功率分配方案(PE、DC、CC)进行研究。PE分配方式,发电机功率平均分配;DC分配方式,发电机功率按各发电机节点度中心性正比分配;CC分配方式,发电机功率按各发电机节点接近中心性正比分配。本文在IEEE14、IEEE39标准测试网络上进行仿真实验,从电网的同步和稳定性2个方面比较3种方案的优劣。研究结果表明:发电机功率按DC方式分配时,系统同步和稳定性能均最佳;按PE方式分配时,系统同步和稳定性能均最差;按CC方式分配时,系统同步和稳定性能居中。本文还研究了电网负载耗电量不均衡发展对电力系统性能的影响,研究表明:电网中耗电量增长的负载节点越多,耗电量增长越快,电网负载耗电量分布越不均衡,电力系统的同步和稳定性能均下降越快。因此,电网负载耗电量不均衡发展降低电力系统的同步和稳定性能。
Firstly,power allocation strategies of power generators in a grid are studied in this paper.Three allocation schemes(PE,DC and CC)of generator power are researched.For the allocation scheme of PE,the same power is generated by each generator.For DC,the power of a generator is allocated according to its degree centrality.For CC,the power of a generator is allocated according to its closeness centrality.The simulations are carried out in IEEE14 and IEEE39 standard test networks.The advantages and disadvantages of the three schemes are compared from the perspective of the synchronization and stability of the power grids.Study shows that the system synchronization and stability performance is the best when the generator power of a grid is allocated according to DC mode,the system synchronization and stability performance is the worst when the generator power is allocated according to PE mode,and the CC mode is in the middle among the three schemes.Secondly,the influence of the unbalanced development of power grid loads on a power grid performance is studied.Study shows that with more load nodes the power consumption increases and the synchronization and stability performance of power system decreases faster with more unbalanced distribution of power.Therefore,the unbalanced development of load and power consumption reduces the synchronization and stability of power system.
Firstly,power allocation strategies of power generators in a grid are studied in this paper.Three allocation schemes(PE,DC and CC)of generator power are researched.For the allocation scheme of PE,the same power is generated by each generator.For DC,the power of a generator is allocated according to its degree centrality.For CC,the power of a generator is allocated according to its closeness centrality.The simulations are carried out in IEEE14 and IEEE39 standard test networks.The advantages and disadvantages of the three schemes are compared from the perspective of the synchronization and stability of the power grids.Study shows that the system synchronization and stability performance is the best when the generator power of a grid is allocated according to DC mode,the system synchronization and stability performance is the worst when the generator power is allocated according to PE mode,and the CC mode is in the middle among the three schemes.Secondly,the influence of the unbalanced development of power grid loads on a power grid performance is studied.Study shows that with more load nodes the power consumption increases and the synchronization and stability performance of power system decreases faster with more unbalanced distribution of power.Therefore,the unbalanced development of load and power consumption reduces the synchronization and stability of power system.
引文
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[14]樊腾飞,左智波,黄斌,等.电网视频监控系统负载均衡改进方法及应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2016(12):45-46.DOI:10.14016/j.cnki.1001-9227.2016.12.045.
[15]FILATRELLA G,NIELSEN A H,PEDERSEN N F.Analysis of a power grid using a Kuramoto-like model[J].European Physical Journal B,2008,61(4):485-491.DOI:10.1140/epjb/e2008-00098-8.
[16]ACEBRN J A,BONILLA L L,VICENTE C J P,et al.The kuramoto model:a simple paradigm for synchronization phenomena[J].Reviews of Modern Physics,2005,77(1):137-185.DOI:10.1103/RevModPhys.77.137.
[17]NEWMAN M E J.The structure and function of complex networks[J].SIAM Review,2003,45(2):167-256.DOI:10.1137/S003614450342480.
[2]毛安家,张戈力,吕跃春,等.2011年9月8日美墨大停电事故的分析及其对我国电力调度运行管理的启示[J].电网技术,2012,36(4):74-78.DOI:10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2012.04.035.
[3]梁志峰,葛睿,董昱,等.印度“7.30”、“7.31”大停电事故分析及对我国电网调度运行工作的启示[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):1841-1848.DOI:10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2013.07.013.
[4]邵瑶,汤涌,易俊,等.土耳其“3·31”大停电事故分析及启示[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(23):9-14.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160412004.
[5]黄李.基于类Kuramoto模型的电网同步性能优化研究[D].桂林:广西师范大学,2017.
[6]AHN S J,PARK J W,CHUNG I Y,et al.Power-sharing method of multiple distributed generators considering control modes and configurations of a microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(3):2007-2016.DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2047736.
[7]石荣亮,张兴,徐海珍,等.基于自适应模式切换的虚拟同步发电机功率控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(12):127-137.DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.2017.12.013.
[8]肖湘宁,陈萌.不平衡电压下虚拟同步发电机功率控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(8):193-200.DOI:10.16081/j.issn.1006-6047.2017.08.026.
[9]钟浩,吴政球,张小兵,等.基于发电机功率分配因子的静态电压稳定预防控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(34):150-155.DOI:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2011.34.015.
[10]王枫,祁彦鹏,傅正财.考虑微电网功率控制模式的配电网可靠性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(23):48-53.
[11]刘杰,陆继翔.负载均衡和虚拟集群技术在智能电网调度技术支持系统中的应用[J].智能电网,2015,3(3):266-271.DOI:10.14171/j.2095-5944.sg.2015.03.015.
[12]梁天猛.智能电网的负载优化调度研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2013.
[13]吴耀武,蔡芝菁,娄素华,等.考虑电网负载均衡度的输电网规划模型[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(12):96-100.DOI:10.13245/j.hust.2013.12.026.
[14]樊腾飞,左智波,黄斌,等.电网视频监控系统负载均衡改进方法及应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2016(12):45-46.DOI:10.14016/j.cnki.1001-9227.2016.12.045.
[15]FILATRELLA G,NIELSEN A H,PEDERSEN N F.Analysis of a power grid using a Kuramoto-like model[J].European Physical Journal B,2008,61(4):485-491.DOI:10.1140/epjb/e2008-00098-8.
[16]ACEBRN J A,BONILLA L L,VICENTE C J P,et al.The kuramoto model:a simple paradigm for synchronization phenomena[J].Reviews of Modern Physics,2005,77(1):137-185.DOI:10.1103/RevModPhys.77.137.
[17]NEWMAN M E J.The structure and function of complex networks[J].SIAM Review,2003,45(2):167-256.DOI:10.1137/S003614450342480.