烟台市动物源性食品违禁药物及兽药残留膳食暴露风险评估
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摘要
目的了解烟台市动物源性食品中违禁药物及兽药残留膳食暴露水平。方法随机采集烟台市售动物源性食品806份,按照《山东省居民膳食营养与健康状况》给定的膳食消费量计算日膳食暴露量(EDI),对比相关药物的ADI值进行食品安全评估。结果检测的806份样品中,违禁药物及兽药残留总体检出率为2. 61%(21/806),总超标率为1. 61%(13/806)。禽肉来源的喹诺酮类药物EDI均值和最大值分别为0. 0079μg/kg·bw·d和0. 14μg/kg·bw·d。食品安全指数(IFS)均值和最大值分别为0. 00040和0. 0087。禽肉来源的四环素类药物残留EDI均值和最大值分别为0. 0011μg/kg·bw·d和0. 014μg/kg·bw·d,IFS均值和最大值分别为0. 00029和0. 0037。蛋类来源的四环素类药物残留EDI均值和最大值分别为0. 0018μg/kg·bw·d和0. 027μg/kg·bw·d,IFS均值和最大值分别为0. 00059和0. 0091。水产品来源的硝基呋喃残留EDI均值和最大值分别为0. 0011μg/kg·bw·d和0. 040μg/kg·bw·d。畜肉(包括内脏)来源的β-受体激动剂EDI均值和最大值分别为0. 00028μg/kg·bw·d和0. 0052μg/kg·bw·d,IFS均值和最大值分别为0. 024和最大值为0. 38。结论烟台市售动物性食品中存在一定程度兽药污染,但其健康危害风险处在可接受的水平。
Objective To know the dietary exposure level of forbidden drug and veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food of Yantai. Methods 806 samples were collected in Yantai City. According to dietary consumption data from Dietary nutrition and health status of residents in Shandong,daily dietary exposure was calculated. Food safety assessment was conducted in accordance with ADI value. Results Total positive rate of forbidden drug and veterinary drug residues was 2. 61%( 21/806),while total over standard rate was 1. 61%( 13/806). Daily exposure of quinolone from poultry,tetracycline from poultry,tetracycline from eggs,nitrofuran from aquatic products and beta-receptor agonists from poultry and livestock meat were0. 0079 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 0011 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 0018 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 0011 μg/kg·bw·d and 0. 00028 μg/kg·bw·d,respectively,while the maximum value of the above mentioned were 0. 14 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 014 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 027 μg/kg·bw· d,0. 040 μg/kg · bw · d,0. 0052 μg/kg · bw · d,respectively. IFS of quinolone from poultry,tetracycline from poultry,tetracycline from eggs and beta-receptor agonists from poultry and livestock meat were 0. 00040,0. 00029,0. 00059 and 0. 024,while the maximum value were 0. 0087,0. 0037,0. 0091 and 0. 38,respectively. Conclusion There is a certain degree of veterinary drug contamination in animal food in Yantai city,but the pollution level is not serious.
Objective To know the dietary exposure level of forbidden drug and veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food of Yantai. Methods 806 samples were collected in Yantai City. According to dietary consumption data from Dietary nutrition and health status of residents in Shandong,daily dietary exposure was calculated. Food safety assessment was conducted in accordance with ADI value. Results Total positive rate of forbidden drug and veterinary drug residues was 2. 61%( 21/806),while total over standard rate was 1. 61%( 13/806). Daily exposure of quinolone from poultry,tetracycline from poultry,tetracycline from eggs,nitrofuran from aquatic products and beta-receptor agonists from poultry and livestock meat were0. 0079 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 0011 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 0018 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 0011 μg/kg·bw·d and 0. 00028 μg/kg·bw·d,respectively,while the maximum value of the above mentioned were 0. 14 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 014 μg/kg·bw·d,0. 027 μg/kg·bw· d,0. 040 μg/kg · bw · d,0. 0052 μg/kg · bw · d,respectively. IFS of quinolone from poultry,tetracycline from poultry,tetracycline from eggs and beta-receptor agonists from poultry and livestock meat were 0. 00040,0. 00029,0. 00059 and 0. 024,while the maximum value were 0. 0087,0. 0037,0. 0091 and 0. 38,respectively. Conclusion There is a certain degree of veterinary drug contamination in animal food in Yantai city,but the pollution level is not serious.
引文
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[8]王明珠,陈玲,赵宏宇,等.养殖对虾中抗生素的残留及其健康风险[J].环境监测管理与技术,2018,30(2):34-38.
[9]王群,马兵,吕海燕,等.食品中硝基呋喃类及其代谢物对人体健康的安全性评价[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2013,3(2):4-10.
[10] Maximum residue limits for veterinary drugs in foods:CAC/MRL 2-2012:2012[S/OL].[2018-12-26]. http://down. foodmate. net/standard/sort/11/33296. html.
[11]林文斯,廖艳华,刘君,等. 2016年广西水产品中孔雀石绿和硝基呋喃残留状况调查[J].应用预防医学,2018,24(1):47-49,52.
[2]董峰光,王朝霞,宫春波,等.烟台市806份动物源性食品中违禁药物及兽药残留检测[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(17):3118-3121,3137.
[3]周景洋. 2002年山东省居民营养与健康状况调查[M].广州:广东人民出版社,2004:28.
[4]刘书贵,尹怡,单奇,等.广东省鳜鱼和杂交鳢中孔雀石绿和硝基呋喃残留调查及暴露评估[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2015,27(5):553-558.
[5]张大文,王冬根,胡丽芳,等.猪肉产品中四环素类药物残留风险评估[J].农产品质量与安全,2014(6):34-37.
[6]王绪卿,吴永宁,陈君石.食品污染监测低水平数据处理问题[J].中华预防医学杂志,2002,36(4):278-279.
[7]中华人民共和国农业部.动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量[EB/OL].[2018-12-22]. http://jiuban. moa. gov. cn/zwllm/tzgg/gg/200302/t20030226_59300. htm.
[8]王明珠,陈玲,赵宏宇,等.养殖对虾中抗生素的残留及其健康风险[J].环境监测管理与技术,2018,30(2):34-38.
[9]王群,马兵,吕海燕,等.食品中硝基呋喃类及其代谢物对人体健康的安全性评价[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2013,3(2):4-10.
[10] Maximum residue limits for veterinary drugs in foods:CAC/MRL 2-2012:2012[S/OL].[2018-12-26]. http://down. foodmate. net/standard/sort/11/33296. html.
[11]林文斯,廖艳华,刘君,等. 2016年广西水产品中孔雀石绿和硝基呋喃残留状况调查[J].应用预防医学,2018,24(1):47-49,52.