2A12铝合金厚板淬火过程的应力分析
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摘要
基于2A12铝合金厚板淬火过程材料组织及性能不均匀性,利用ABAQUS有限元模拟及盲孔法和层削法等内应力测试方法,研究了2A12铝合金厚板的淬火敏感性。结果表明:沿厚度方向的Mises等效应力由表面的170 MPa到心部的130 MPa,呈逐渐降低的趋势;沿轧制方向(长度方向)的应力σ1和沿垂直于轧制方向(宽度方向)应力σ2的模拟结果在数值上与盲孔法测得的结果一致,都在100 MPa左右,在方向上与层削法测试结果一致,都呈现为典型的"外压内拉"的应力分布状态;有限元模拟2A12铝合金厚板的应力与实测值基本相符。
Based on the microstructure and property heterogeneity of quenched material of2 A12 aluminum alloy thick plate,the ABAQUS finite element simulation,blind hole method and lamination method were used to study the quenching susceptibility of 2 A12 aluminum alloy thick plate. The stress analysis shows that the Mises stress( "Von Mises Stress",we usually call it "Mises equivalent stress",which follows the fourth strength theory of material mechanics) in the thickness direction gradually decreases from 170 MPa on the surface to 130 MPa in the core. The σ1 stress( along the rolling direction,i. e. along the length) and σ2 stress( along the width and perpendicular to the rolling direction) are numerically consistent with the results obtained by the blind hole method,and are all around 100 MPa. In the same direction as the lamination test results,both present a typical "external pressure and internal tensile"stress distribution state,and the stress of the 2 A12 aluminum alloy thick plate of finite element simulation is basically consistent with the measured values.
Based on the microstructure and property heterogeneity of quenched material of2 A12 aluminum alloy thick plate,the ABAQUS finite element simulation,blind hole method and lamination method were used to study the quenching susceptibility of 2 A12 aluminum alloy thick plate. The stress analysis shows that the Mises stress( "Von Mises Stress",we usually call it "Mises equivalent stress",which follows the fourth strength theory of material mechanics) in the thickness direction gradually decreases from 170 MPa on the surface to 130 MPa in the core. The σ1 stress( along the rolling direction,i. e. along the length) and σ2 stress( along the width and perpendicular to the rolling direction) are numerically consistent with the results obtained by the blind hole method,and are all around 100 MPa. In the same direction as the lamination test results,both present a typical "external pressure and internal tensile"stress distribution state,and the stress of the 2 A12 aluminum alloy thick plate of finite element simulation is basically consistent with the measured values.
引文
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[3]齐峰,宁秋君.铝合金结构的应用现状及前景[J].工程技术:文摘版,2017(1):00203-00203.
[4]杨守杰,戴圣龙.航空铝合金的发展回顾与展望[J].材料导报,2005,19(2):76-80.
[5] TOTTEN G E,FUNATANI K,XIE L. Handbook of Metallurgic Process and Design[M]. New York:Marcel Dekker,2004.
[6] CANALE L D C F,NARAZAKI M. Quenching and cooling,residual stress and distortion control[J]. International Heat Treatment&Surface Engineering,2010,4(3):96-97.
[7] LICIC B,TOTTEN G E,Ph. D,CANALE L D C F. Quenching Theory and Technology,Second Edition[M]. Boca Raton:CRC Press Inc,2010.
[8]刘文军. Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金淬火析出行为及淬火敏感性研究[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2011.
[9]王国军,熊柏青,张永安,等.铝合金的淬透性及其研究方法[J].轻合金加工技术,2008,36(6):5-8.
[10]孙良省,许晓静,张振强,等. 2099铝锂合金的淬透性研究[J].热加工工艺,2013(22):156-158.
[11]赵颖超. 2124铝合金的末端淬火及时效工艺研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.
[12]刘君城,张永安,刘红伟,等.基于末端淬火试验2124铝合金的淬透性[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(11):2118-2123.
[13]朱以文,蔡元奇. ABAQUS/Standard有限元软件入门指南[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003.
[14]刘庄.热处理过程的数值模拟[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.
[15]郭世贵. 7050铝合金材料喷淋淬火的试验与模拟研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.
[16] LU J. Handbook of measurement of residual stresses[M]. Georgia:The Fairmont Press,1996.