舰载光电跟踪系统φ1032mm窗镜的研制
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摘要
针对舰载光电跟踪系统反射式主光学系统的防护问题,提出了一米量级尺寸的窗镜、镜框的设计、制造和检测的方法。首先,对窗口材料的性能及强度进行分析,依据内外压差、自身重量以及旋转惯性力对窗镜强度的影响确定其最小的厚度。其次,依据指标要求分析设计窗镜、镜框的形变对窗镜等光程差的影响以及其环境适应性。然后,采用等光程非平面的修磨方法对带镜框的窗镜进行加工及检测。最后,成功研制出直径φ1 032 mm,厚度80 mm,通光口径φ1 010mm的融石英材料的窗口玻璃镜,等光程差为RMS=0.062 8λ@632.8nm。结果表明,该窗镜能够对舰载光电跟踪系统反射式主光学系统进行有效的防护。
Aiming at the protection of reflective main optical system for shipboard photoelectric tracking systems,an 1msize optical window and its frame were designed,manufactured and tested.Firstly,the performance and strength of the window material were analyzed.According to the influence of the difference between internal and external pressures,the weight and the rotational inertia force on the window,the minimum thickness was determined.Then,the effects of deformation of optical window and frame on optical path difference and the environmental adaptability were studied base on the index requirements.Moreover,the aplanatic non-planar grinding method was used for machining and inspecting the optical window.Finally,an fused silica optical window with 1 032 mm in diameter,80 mm in thickness and 1 010 mm in aperture diameter were successfully developed.Theoptical path difference is RMS=0.062 8λ@632.8nm.The results proves that the optical window can provide an effective protection for main optical system of photoelectric tracking systems.
Aiming at the protection of reflective main optical system for shipboard photoelectric tracking systems,an 1msize optical window and its frame were designed,manufactured and tested.Firstly,the performance and strength of the window material were analyzed.According to the influence of the difference between internal and external pressures,the weight and the rotational inertia force on the window,the minimum thickness was determined.Then,the effects of deformation of optical window and frame on optical path difference and the environmental adaptability were studied base on the index requirements.Moreover,the aplanatic non-planar grinding method was used for machining and inspecting the optical window.Finally,an fused silica optical window with 1 032 mm in diameter,80 mm in thickness and 1 010 mm in aperture diameter were successfully developed.Theoptical path difference is RMS=0.062 8λ@632.8nm.The results proves that the optical window can provide an effective protection for main optical system of photoelectric tracking systems.
引文
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[2]马优恒,陆培国,郭渝琳,等.舰载光电系统的环境适应性设计[J].应用光学,2014,35(3):371-376.MA Y H,LU P G,GUO Y L,et al..Environmental worthiness design of shipborne electro-optical system[J].Journal of Applied Optics,2014,35(3):371-376.(in Chinese)
[3]刘强,徐晨,李新南.大口径封窗透射波前的检测方法[J].光学学报,2016,36(8):0812003.LIU Q,XU CH,LI X N.Measurement method for transmission wavefront of large aperture window[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(8):0812003.(in Chinese)
[4]邢振冲,张葆,洪永丰.拼接式光学窗口对光学系统影响的分析方法[J].光学学报,2015,35(10):1022005.XING ZH CH,ZHANG B,HONG Y F.Analysis method of the effect of stitched windows on the optical systems[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(10):1022005.(in Chinese)
[5]刘旭堂,高云国,曹佃生.大口径快速密闭窗口的设计及测试[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(9):2578-2585.LIU X T,GAO Y G,CAO D SH.Design and test for large-diameter fast seal window[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2015,23(9):2578-2585.(in Chinese)
[6]谢京江.大口径高精度空间光学窗镜制造技术[J].光学技术,1998(3):70-72.XIE J J.Manufacturing of large-aperture precision space optical window[J].Optical Technology,1998(3):70-72.(in Chinese)
[7]BARNES W P.Some effects of aerospace thermal environments on high-acuity optical systems[J].Applied Optics,1966,5(5):701-711.
[8]刘旭堂,高云国.大口径激光发射窗口拼接方法研究[J].光学学报,2014,34(10):1022003.LIU X T,GAO Y G.Study of large-diameter laser emission window stitching program[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2014,34(10):1022003.(in Chinese)
[9]阮萍,胡永明,孙益善.超音速机载成像探测设备的窗口设计与分析[J].光电子·激光,2001,12(7):701-702.RUAN P,HU Y M,SUN Y SH.The window design and analysis of airplane-carried facilities in supersonic mode[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2001,12(7):701-702.(in Chinese)
[10]方煜,相里斌,吕群波,等.光学窗口厚度设计及形变对相机性能影响[J].光学学报,2013,33(4):0422007.FANG Y,XIANG L B,LUQ B,et al..Design of optical window thickness and influence of its deformation on multi-spectral camera's optical performance[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2013,33(4):0422007.(in Chinese)
[11]李延伟,张洪文,远国勤,等.高空分段拼装式光学窗口防护装置的设计[J].光学精密工程,2014,22(3):664-669.LI Y W,ZHANG H W,YUAN G Q,et al..Design of protector for altitude sub-assembled optical window[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2014,22(3):664-669.(in Chinese)
[12]范达,明星,刘昕悦,等.高空高速环境热光学分析及光学窗口设计[J].红外与激光工程,2016,45(8):0818001.FAN D,MING X,LIU X Y,et al..Thermal optical analysis and design of optical window in high-altitude and high-speed environment[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2016,45(8):0818001.(in Chinese)
[13]徐钰蕾,王乃祥,许永森.高速航空遥感器的双层光学窗口设计研究[J].光学学报,2015,35(1):0122007.XU Y L,WANG N X,XU Y S.Design analysis of double optical window of high speed aerial remote sensor[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(1):0122007.(in Chinese)