直流叠加高频交流方波电场下乳化液电脱水试验研究
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摘要
为了提高原油乳化液破乳效果和电脱水效率,提出采用直流叠加高频方波电场进行原油电脱水的方法。在实验室中开展了直流叠加高频方波电场下乳化液电脱水试验研究,分析该方法下乳化液中水滴的聚并机理,并借助于高速相机观察了乳化液中水滴的运动及水链的消散过程。理论与试验结果表明:采用直流叠加高频方波电场可充分发挥直流和方波电场下的各自脱水优点,使水链易于消散,保证脱水电场的稳定,提高乳化液的电脱水速度和脱水率,且叠加高频交流方波含量在10%～20%范围内,脱水效果最佳,研究结果可为原油生产现场的脱水工艺改进提供参考。
In order to improve the effect of electric demulsification and efficiency of the electric dehydration of crude oil emulsion,the article puts forward the method of taking advantage of electric field superposed DC and high frequency AC square wave for electric dehydration of crude oil. The article carried out the study on electric dehydration experiments of emulsion under the action of the superposed electric field,analyzed the coalescence mechanism under the action of the superposed electric field,and observed the movement of water droplets and the disappearance situation of water chain in emulsion using high speed camera in the laboratory. The theory and results show the superposed electric field can give full play to their respective advantages of DC and high frequency AC square wave electric field,make the water chain be easy to disappear,guarantee the stability of electric dehydration electric field,and improve the speed and efficiency of electric dehydration,and the efficiency is the highest when high frequency AC square wave content is between 10% ～ 20%. The results can provide reference for electric dehydration process improvement of crude oil production site.
In order to improve the effect of electric demulsification and efficiency of the electric dehydration of crude oil emulsion,the article puts forward the method of taking advantage of electric field superposed DC and high frequency AC square wave for electric dehydration of crude oil. The article carried out the study on electric dehydration experiments of emulsion under the action of the superposed electric field,analyzed the coalescence mechanism under the action of the superposed electric field,and observed the movement of water droplets and the disappearance situation of water chain in emulsion using high speed camera in the laboratory. The theory and results show the superposed electric field can give full play to their respective advantages of DC and high frequency AC square wave electric field,make the water chain be easy to disappear,guarantee the stability of electric dehydration electric field,and improve the speed and efficiency of electric dehydration,and the efficiency is the highest when high frequency AC square wave content is between 10% ～ 20%. The results can provide reference for electric dehydration process improvement of crude oil production site.
引文
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[10]陈庆国,梁雯,宋春辉,等.脉冲电场强度及频率对乳化液脱水的影响[J].化工学报,2014,65(17):4437.CHEN Qingguo,LIANG Wen,SONG Chunhui,et al.Effect of pulsed electric field strength and frequency on emulsion’s dehydration[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering,2014,65(17):4437.
[11]陈庆国,梁雯,宋春辉,等.电场强度对原油乳化液破乳脱水的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(1):173.CHEN Qingguo,LIANG Wen,SONG Chunhui,et al.Effect of electric field srength on crude oil emulsion’s demulsification and dehydration[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(1):173.
[12]陈庆国,宋春辉,梁雯,等.非均匀电场下原油乳化液脱水特性的研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1595.CHEN Qingguo,SONG Chunhui,LIANG Wen,et al.Research of emulsion electric dehydration characteristics and mechanism under non-uniform electric field[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1595.
[13]Kazem Alinezhad,Morteza Hosseini,Kamyar Movagarnejad,et al.Experimental and modeling approach to study separation of water in crude oil emulsion under non-uniform electrical field[J].Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2010,27(1):198.
[14]王大儒.原油电脱水的电场力学分析及最佳运行电场[J].油气田地面工程,1983,3(2):28.WANG Daru.An analysis of electrostatic force in crude oil electric dehydration&its optimum electric field running intensity[J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering,1983,3(2):28.
[15]Eow John S,Ghadiri Mojtaba.Deformation and break-up of aqueous droplets in oils under high electric field strengths[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing,2003,42(4):259.
[16]Eow John S,Ghadiri Mojtaba,Sharif Adel.Experimental studies of deformation and break up of aqueous drops in high electric fields[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochem,Eng.Aspects,2003,22(5):193.
[17]Supeene G,Koch C R,Bhattacharjee S.Deformation of a droplet in an electric field:nonlinear transient response in perfect and leaky dielectric media[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2008,31(8):463.
[18]孙治谦,王磊,金有海,等.脉冲电场下W/O乳状液中水滴聚并行为的可视化研究[J].石油学报(石油加工),2013,29(5):905.SUN Zhiqian,WANG Lei,JIN Youhai,et al.Visualization investigation on coalescence behavior of the water droplets in W/Oemulsion under pulsed electric field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section),2013,29(5):905.
[19]朱岳麟,黄欣,熊常健,等.航空油品高频/高压电脱水微观机理[J].石油炼制与化工,2005,36(4):19.ZHU Yuelin,HUANG Xin,XIONG Changjian,et al.Micromechanism of crude oil dehydration under high voltage/high frequency electric field[J].China Petroleum Processing Petrochemical Technology,2005,36(4):19.
[20]张黎明,何利民,吕宇玲,等.高压静电聚结破乳技术[J].高电压技术,2008,34(4):687.ZHANG Liming,HE Limin,LYuling,et al.Emulsion separation in high voltage electrostatic coalescer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(4):687.
[2]张军,何宏舟.高压静电破乳中离散液滴的动力学分析[J].化工学报,2013,64(6):2050.ZHANG Jun,HE Hongzhou.Dynamics of dispersed droplets in a demulsification process using high electrical voltage method[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineer,2013,64(6):2050.
[3]冯叔初,郭揆常,王学敏.油气集输[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,1990:186-192.
[4]夏立新,曹国英,陆世维.沥青质和胶质稳定的油包水乳状液的破乳研究[J].油田化学,2003,20(1):23.XIA Lixin,CAO Guoying,LU Shixiong.Demulsification of W/Oemulsions stabilized by petroleum asphaltene or resin[J].Oilfield Chemistry,2003,20(1):23.
[5]刘东杰.胜利油田原油脱水现状探讨[J].胜利油田职工大学学报,2009,23(5):72.LIU Dongjie.Discussion of crude oil dehydration in Shengli oilfield[J].Journal of Shengli Oilfield Staff University,2009,23(5):72.
[6]常俊英,陈家庆,李锐锋,等.海洋油田原油乳化液高频/高压交流电脱水实验[J].石油学报(石油加工),2012,28(5):843.CHANG Junying,CHEN Jiaqing,LI Ruifeng,et al.Electric dehydration experiment for offshore crude oil emulisions by using high frequency/high voltage AC electric field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section),2012,28(5):843.
[7]肖蕴,赵军凯,许涛,等.原油电脱水器技术进展[J].石油化工设备,2009,38(6):49.XIAO Wen,ZHAO Junkai,XU Tao,et al.Review of the technology of electrostatic enhancement of coalescence of water droplets in oil[J].Petro-Chemical Equipment,2009,38(6):49.
[8]朱宝森,王新宇,陈庆国,等.高频脉冲原油电脱水供电控制技术与装置研制[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2012,17(4):8.ZHU Baosen,WANG Xinyu,CHEN Qingguo,et al.Development of crude oil dehydration power supply equipment with high frequency pulse[J].Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology,2012,17(4):8.
[9]黄松涛,陈家庆,焦向东,等.高压变频交流脉冲原油脱水电源及其静电聚结特性[J].高电压技术,2011,37(10):2542.HUANG Songtao,CHEN Jiaqing,JIAO Xiangdong,et al.High voltage variable frequency pulsed AC power source in crude oil dehydration and its electrostatic coalescing characteristics[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(10):2542.
[10]陈庆国,梁雯,宋春辉,等.脉冲电场强度及频率对乳化液脱水的影响[J].化工学报,2014,65(17):4437.CHEN Qingguo,LIANG Wen,SONG Chunhui,et al.Effect of pulsed electric field strength and frequency on emulsion’s dehydration[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering,2014,65(17):4437.
[11]陈庆国,梁雯,宋春辉,等.电场强度对原油乳化液破乳脱水的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(1):173.CHEN Qingguo,LIANG Wen,SONG Chunhui,et al.Effect of electric field srength on crude oil emulsion’s demulsification and dehydration[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(1):173.
[12]陈庆国,宋春辉,梁雯,等.非均匀电场下原油乳化液脱水特性的研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1595.CHEN Qingguo,SONG Chunhui,LIANG Wen,et al.Research of emulsion electric dehydration characteristics and mechanism under non-uniform electric field[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1595.
[13]Kazem Alinezhad,Morteza Hosseini,Kamyar Movagarnejad,et al.Experimental and modeling approach to study separation of water in crude oil emulsion under non-uniform electrical field[J].Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2010,27(1):198.
[14]王大儒.原油电脱水的电场力学分析及最佳运行电场[J].油气田地面工程,1983,3(2):28.WANG Daru.An analysis of electrostatic force in crude oil electric dehydration&its optimum electric field running intensity[J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering,1983,3(2):28.
[15]Eow John S,Ghadiri Mojtaba.Deformation and break-up of aqueous droplets in oils under high electric field strengths[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing,2003,42(4):259.
[16]Eow John S,Ghadiri Mojtaba,Sharif Adel.Experimental studies of deformation and break up of aqueous drops in high electric fields[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochem,Eng.Aspects,2003,22(5):193.
[17]Supeene G,Koch C R,Bhattacharjee S.Deformation of a droplet in an electric field:nonlinear transient response in perfect and leaky dielectric media[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2008,31(8):463.
[18]孙治谦,王磊,金有海,等.脉冲电场下W/O乳状液中水滴聚并行为的可视化研究[J].石油学报(石油加工),2013,29(5):905.SUN Zhiqian,WANG Lei,JIN Youhai,et al.Visualization investigation on coalescence behavior of the water droplets in W/Oemulsion under pulsed electric field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section),2013,29(5):905.
[19]朱岳麟,黄欣,熊常健,等.航空油品高频/高压电脱水微观机理[J].石油炼制与化工,2005,36(4):19.ZHU Yuelin,HUANG Xin,XIONG Changjian,et al.Micromechanism of crude oil dehydration under high voltage/high frequency electric field[J].China Petroleum Processing Petrochemical Technology,2005,36(4):19.
[20]张黎明,何利民,吕宇玲,等.高压静电聚结破乳技术[J].高电压技术,2008,34(4):687.ZHANG Liming,HE Limin,LYuling,et al.Emulsion separation in high voltage electrostatic coalescer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(4):687.