不同施肥水平对大麦产量的影响及肥料效应
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摘要
本研究采用"3414"试验设计方案,通过2年(2010和2011年)大麦田间小区试验,研究NPK配施对大麦产量的影响及肥料效应,为该区大麦种植提供可行的肥料推荐施用量。结果表明,不同施肥处理的大麦穗长、穗粒数、有效穗数和产量存在显著差异。施肥通过改善大麦农艺性状进而提高大麦产量,两年试验大麦产量增产幅度分别为4.8%～117.2%和8.6%～141.2%;并且氮、磷、钾肥间存在显著互作效应,在中氮、中磷和中钾施肥水平大麦产量可达最佳,其肥料效应顺序为N>P_2O_5>K_2O。通过曲线拟合,本试验条件下推荐施肥量为:117.3 kgN/hm2,116.0～117.2kg P_2O_5/hm~2,37.5 kg K_2O/hm~2。
2 years(2010 and 2011) field plot experiments was conducted with the 3414 experiment design, effect of N, P and K on yield and fertilization effect were researched to recommend optimum application amount for local barley planting region. The results showed that ear length, kernels per spike, effective ears and barley yield of different fertilizer treatments are significant difference.Fertilization improving the barley agronomic trait further increased crop yield, rates of increasing reached 4.8%～117.2% in 2010 and8.6%～141.2% in 2011. There are significant interactions among N, P and K fertilizer, and the optimum yield was obtained at moderate N, P and K treatment level, the fertilizer effect order was N>P_2O_5>K_2O. The recommended application amounts were N of 117.3 kg/hm~2,P_2O_5 of 116.0～117.2 kg/hm~2, K_2O of 37.5 kg/hm~2 through curve fitting.
2 years(2010 and 2011) field plot experiments was conducted with the 3414 experiment design, effect of N, P and K on yield and fertilization effect were researched to recommend optimum application amount for local barley planting region. The results showed that ear length, kernels per spike, effective ears and barley yield of different fertilizer treatments are significant difference.Fertilization improving the barley agronomic trait further increased crop yield, rates of increasing reached 4.8%～117.2% in 2010 and8.6%～141.2% in 2011. There are significant interactions among N, P and K fertilizer, and the optimum yield was obtained at moderate N, P and K treatment level, the fertilizer effect order was N>P_2O_5>K_2O. The recommended application amounts were N of 117.3 kg/hm~2,P_2O_5 of 116.0～117.2 kg/hm~2, K_2O of 37.5 kg/hm~2 through curve fitting.
引文
[1]杨东群,李先德.中国大麦生产格局变化及其决定因素[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(32):105-111
[2]黄永斌,孙兰英,黄英,等.水稻测土配方施肥“3414”试验[J].大麦与谷类科学,2011(1):30-34
[3]戢林,张锡洲,李廷轩.基于“3414”试验的川中丘陵区水稻测土配方施肥指标体系构建[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(1):84-92
[4]李燕,王加军,赵国成,等.小麦3414田间肥效试验研究[J].大麦与谷类科学,2011(3):51-53
[5]沈学善,陈尚洪,陈红琳,等.基于“3414”模型对川中丘陵区玉米氮磷钾效应的研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2132-2137
[6]黄亿,李廷轩,张锡洲,等.基于“3414”试验的川中丘陵区油菜施肥指标体系构建[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(10):2058-2066
[7]高志红,陈晓远,林昌华,等.不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(8):1637-1645
[8]王政,高瑞凤,李文香,等.氮磷钾肥配施对大豆干物质积累及产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2008,27(4):588-592
[9]龚玉琴,白锦红,侯小宁,等.中低产田水稻氮磷钾化肥最佳用量及适宜配比研究[J].宁夏农林科技,2007(3):7-9
[10]董素钦.应用“3414”设计研究氮磷钾肥料不同配比对水稻产量的效应[J].中国农村小康科技,2006(12):60-62
[11]朱桂玉,区惠平,何佳,等.免耕水稻在“3414”试验方案中氮磷钾配施的肥料效应研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2011(5):48-52
[12]翟国栋,汪航,刘晓伟,等.鄂东南晚稻“3414”试验施肥效果及推荐施肥量研究[J].河北农业科学,2009,13(10):29-31,34
[2]黄永斌,孙兰英,黄英,等.水稻测土配方施肥“3414”试验[J].大麦与谷类科学,2011(1):30-34
[3]戢林,张锡洲,李廷轩.基于“3414”试验的川中丘陵区水稻测土配方施肥指标体系构建[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(1):84-92
[4]李燕,王加军,赵国成,等.小麦3414田间肥效试验研究[J].大麦与谷类科学,2011(3):51-53
[5]沈学善,陈尚洪,陈红琳,等.基于“3414”模型对川中丘陵区玉米氮磷钾效应的研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2132-2137
[6]黄亿,李廷轩,张锡洲,等.基于“3414”试验的川中丘陵区油菜施肥指标体系构建[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(10):2058-2066
[7]高志红,陈晓远,林昌华,等.不同施肥水平对木薯氮磷钾养分积累、分配及其产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(8):1637-1645
[8]王政,高瑞凤,李文香,等.氮磷钾肥配施对大豆干物质积累及产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2008,27(4):588-592
[9]龚玉琴,白锦红,侯小宁,等.中低产田水稻氮磷钾化肥最佳用量及适宜配比研究[J].宁夏农林科技,2007(3):7-9
[10]董素钦.应用“3414”设计研究氮磷钾肥料不同配比对水稻产量的效应[J].中国农村小康科技,2006(12):60-62
[11]朱桂玉,区惠平,何佳,等.免耕水稻在“3414”试验方案中氮磷钾配施的肥料效应研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2011(5):48-52
[12]翟国栋,汪航,刘晓伟,等.鄂东南晚稻“3414”试验施肥效果及推荐施肥量研究[J].河北农业科学,2009,13(10):29-31,34