基于不同岩体稳固级别的地下采场结构参数优化
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摘要
采场结构参数是矿山采矿方法的关键要素,对采矿生产能力、生产周期、排产计划和作业安全等后续问题起决定作用。以西藏某矿山为例,在采矿方法研究的基础上,首先通过工程地质调查、钻孔岩芯编录等工作获取节理裂隙等基础参数,以RMR岩体质量评价方法为指导,借助3Dmine地质建模软件实现了岩体质量的三维可视化评价。然后综合运用Barton跨度经验公式、Lang B.临界跨度和Wang J.神经网络跨度综合图表法,并结合采矿方法的需求初步确定了采场极限跨度。再利用Mathews稳定图法进行暴露面积的校核,最终确定了该矿地下采矿二期范围内不同岩体稳固级别的采场结构参数。通过系统说明采场结构参数优化的具体方法及计算步骤,为其他矿山开展此类工作提供技术参考。
Stope structure parameters selection is the important work after the mining method determined and can directly influence mine capacity,production cycle,mine schedule,mine safety and so on.Taking a Tibet mine for example,based on mining method,firstly,basic parameters,such as joint information were acquired by engineering geology survey and drill core logging. Three-dimensional visualization evaluation of rockmass quality was made on 3D mine software based on RMR rockmass evaluation method.Secondly,adopting Barton span empirical formula and comparison diagram of Lang B.critical span and Wang J.neural network span,stope critical span was initially identified considering the demand for mining method. Finally,stope permitted exposure area was verified by Mathews stability diagram,and stope structure parameters were determined for different rockmass stability classification in the second phase of underground mining.The specific method and calculation procedure for optimation of stope structure parameters were systematically described in the paper,which can supply the technical reference for similar work in other mines.
Stope structure parameters selection is the important work after the mining method determined and can directly influence mine capacity,production cycle,mine schedule,mine safety and so on.Taking a Tibet mine for example,based on mining method,firstly,basic parameters,such as joint information were acquired by engineering geology survey and drill core logging. Three-dimensional visualization evaluation of rockmass quality was made on 3D mine software based on RMR rockmass evaluation method.Secondly,adopting Barton span empirical formula and comparison diagram of Lang B.critical span and Wang J.neural network span,stope critical span was initially identified considering the demand for mining method. Finally,stope permitted exposure area was verified by Mathews stability diagram,and stope structure parameters were determined for different rockmass stability classification in the second phase of underground mining.The specific method and calculation procedure for optimation of stope structure parameters were systematically described in the paper,which can supply the technical reference for similar work in other mines.
引文
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[14]苏龙,刘爱华.考虑岩体质量分级的地下采场稳定性研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(12):9-15.Su Long,Liu Aihua. Study on underground mining stope stability based on quality classification of rock masses[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(12):9-15.
[15]于世波,王辉,曹辉,等.多种工程岩体质量评价方法的关联及其应用探讨[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2015,67(1):83-86.Yu Shibo,Wang Hui,Cao Hui,et al.Discussion on interre‐lation of several quality evaluation methods of engineer‐ing rock mass and its application[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mining Section),2015,67(1):83-86.
[16]邵勇,阎长虹,马庆华.岩体质量评价体系的综合应用分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(4):1129-1134.Shao Yong,Yan Changhong,Ma Qinghua. Comprehen‐sive application of rock quality evaluation system[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(4):1129-1134.
[17]Brady B H G,Brown E T.地下采矿岩石力学[M].第三版.佘诗刚,朱万成,译.北京:科学出版社,2011.Brady B H G,Brown E T. Rock Mechanics for Under‐ground Mining[M]. Third Edition. She Shigang,Zhu Wancheng,trans.Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[18]Barton N,Lunde J,Lien R.Estimation of support require‐ments for underground excavations[C]//Proceedings of16th Symposium on Rock Mechanics. Minneapolis:American Society of Civil Engineers,1977.
[19]Wang J,Pakalnis R,Milne D,et al. Empirical under‐ground entry type excavation span design modification[C]//Proceedings of 53rd Annual Conference. Rich‐mond:The Canadian Geotechnical Society,2000.
[20]Brown E T. Blcok Caving Geomechanics[M]. Mel‐bourne:Julius Kruttschnitt Mineral Research Centre,2003:3-12.
[2]周科平,王星星,高峰.基于强度折减与ANN-GA模型的采场结构参数优化[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(7):2848-2854.Zhou Keping,Wang Xingxing,Gao Feng.Stope structur‐al parameters optimization based on strength reduction and ANN-GA model[J].Journal of Central South Univer‐sity(Science and Technology),2013,44(7):2848-2854.
[3]许宏亮,刘召胜,石露,等.用Mathews稳定图法与数值分析法优化充填开采矿山采场结构参数[J].金属矿山,2015,44(12):19-23.Xu Hongliang,Liu Zhaosheng,Shi Lu,et al. Optimizing the stope structural parameters using Mathews empirical analysis method and numerical analysis method[J].Metal Mine,2015,44(12):19-23.
[4]江飞飞,李向东,张融江,等.基于3DEC的两步骤空场嗣后充填采场结构参数优化[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(增2):805-810.Jiang Feifei,Li Xiangdong,Zhang Rongjiang,et al.Opti‐mization research on structural parameters of two-step open stoping with subsequent filling based in 3DEC[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(Supp.2):805-810.
[5]阳雨平,吴爱祥.浅析国内缓倾斜中厚矿体回采现状及进展[J].黄金,2002,23(1):14-17.Yang Yuping,Wu Aixiang. Elementary analysis of the current situation and advance in stoping of gentle dip and medium thickness orebody[J]. Gold,2002,23(1):14-17.
[6]尹升华,吴爱祥.缓倾斜中厚矿体采矿方法现状及发展趋势[J].金属矿山,2007,37(12):10-13.Yin Shenghua,Wu Aixiang. Status quo of mining meth‐ods for gently inclined medium-thick orebodies and their development trend[J]. Metal Mine,2007,37(12):10-13.
[7]赵彬,王新民,张钦礼.缓倾斜中厚难采矿体开采技术探讨[J].化工矿物与加工,2008,37(2):34-37.Zhao Bin,Wang Xinmin,Zhang Qinli.Study on the min‐ing method for gently inclined medium-thick ore body[J].Industrial Minerals and Processing,2008,37(2):34-37.
[8]潘常甲.关于缓倾斜厚大矿体采矿方法的探讨[J].金属矿山,2001,31(4):19-24.Pan Changjia. On the mining method of slowly inclined large and thick ore body[J]. Metal Mine,2001,31(4):19-24.
[9]胡海波.低品位厚大缓倾斜难采矿体采矿方法优化研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2015,35(8):9-11.Hu Haibo. Optimization of mining method for gently in‐clined,thick,large and difficult-to-mine orebody with low grade[J].Mining Research and Development,2015,35(8):9-11.
[10]曾凌方.缓倾斜厚大矿体采矿方法优化[J].现代矿业,2015(4):17-19.Zeng Lingfang. Optimization of the mining method of slowly inclined large and thick orebody[J].Modern Min‐ing,2015(4):17-19.
[11]王培涛,杨天鸿,于庆磊,等.节理边坡岩体参数获取与PFC2D应用研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(4):560-565.Wang Peitao,Yang Tianhong,Yu Qinglei,et al.On obtain‐ing jointed rock slope geo-parameters and the application of PFC2D[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2013,30(4):560-565.
[12]王述红,杨勇,王洋,等.基于数字摄像测量的开挖空间模型及不稳块体的快速识别[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增1):3432-3438.Wang Shuhong,Yang Yong,Wang Yang,et al. Spatial modelling and quick identification of unstable rock blocks based on digital photogrammetry[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Supp. 1):3432-3438.
[13]杨天鸿,师文豪,于庆磊,等.巷道围岩渗流场和应力场各向异性特征分析及应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(11):1815-1822.Yang Tianhong,Shi Wenhao,Yu Qinglei,et al.The aniso‐tropic properties analysis of the rock mass surrounding the roadway’s in seepage and stress field[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(11):1815-1822.
[14]苏龙,刘爱华.考虑岩体质量分级的地下采场稳定性研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(12):9-15.Su Long,Liu Aihua. Study on underground mining stope stability based on quality classification of rock masses[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(12):9-15.
[15]于世波,王辉,曹辉,等.多种工程岩体质量评价方法的关联及其应用探讨[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2015,67(1):83-86.Yu Shibo,Wang Hui,Cao Hui,et al.Discussion on interre‐lation of several quality evaluation methods of engineer‐ing rock mass and its application[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mining Section),2015,67(1):83-86.
[16]邵勇,阎长虹,马庆华.岩体质量评价体系的综合应用分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(4):1129-1134.Shao Yong,Yan Changhong,Ma Qinghua. Comprehen‐sive application of rock quality evaluation system[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(4):1129-1134.
[17]Brady B H G,Brown E T.地下采矿岩石力学[M].第三版.佘诗刚,朱万成,译.北京:科学出版社,2011.Brady B H G,Brown E T. Rock Mechanics for Under‐ground Mining[M]. Third Edition. She Shigang,Zhu Wancheng,trans.Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[18]Barton N,Lunde J,Lien R.Estimation of support require‐ments for underground excavations[C]//Proceedings of16th Symposium on Rock Mechanics. Minneapolis:American Society of Civil Engineers,1977.
[19]Wang J,Pakalnis R,Milne D,et al. Empirical under‐ground entry type excavation span design modification[C]//Proceedings of 53rd Annual Conference. Rich‐mond:The Canadian Geotechnical Society,2000.
[20]Brown E T. Blcok Caving Geomechanics[M]. Mel‐bourne:Julius Kruttschnitt Mineral Research Centre,2003:3-12.