栗木山隧道层状硬岩掘进控制爆破技术
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摘要
岩体中的节理会造成爆炸应力波的耗散和泄露,从而影响爆破效果。平罗高速栗木山隧道围岩以Ⅲ、Ⅳ级为主,岩层中厚层状、质地坚硬,因水平节理的影响施工过程中易出现炮孔利用率低、周边超欠挖现象。通过采用楔形加直眼混合掏槽形式、合理布置炮孔、控制单孔装药量、周边孔采用空气间隔装药结构等措施,增强掏槽爆破能量而控制周边孔、二圈眼的装药量,减少了节理面附近的岩体过度破坏;同时严格按设计爆破图表施工,提高了炮孔利用率和光面爆破半孔率,研究取得了良好的爆破效果。
The joint in rock can cause dissipation and leakage of blasting stress wave, and impair the blasting effect. The main surrounding rock of Limushan tunnel for PingLuo highway is mainly ClassⅢ and Class Ⅳ, with thick layered and hard bedded rock; with the influence of horizontal joint, low blast hole utilization ratio and over break phenomenon was occurred during construction process. The mixed cut form of wedge with straight holes, reasonable decorate holes, controlling the charge weight of per hole, and air interval charge structure for peripheral hole and other measures were adopted to strengthen cut blasting energy, control the peripheral holes and charge amount, reduce the excessive destruction of joint surface; at the same time, road work was done strictly according to the blasting parameters design, thus the utilization rate of the blast hole and half hole rate of smooth blasting effect were improved. The research has achieved good blasting effect.
The joint in rock can cause dissipation and leakage of blasting stress wave, and impair the blasting effect. The main surrounding rock of Limushan tunnel for PingLuo highway is mainly ClassⅢ and Class Ⅳ, with thick layered and hard bedded rock; with the influence of horizontal joint, low blast hole utilization ratio and over break phenomenon was occurred during construction process. The mixed cut form of wedge with straight holes, reasonable decorate holes, controlling the charge weight of per hole, and air interval charge structure for peripheral hole and other measures were adopted to strengthen cut blasting energy, control the peripheral holes and charge amount, reduce the excessive destruction of joint surface; at the same time, road work was done strictly according to the blasting parameters design, thus the utilization rate of the blast hole and half hole rate of smooth blasting effect were improved. The research has achieved good blasting effect.
引文
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[11] 吴亮,李凤,卢文波,等.爆破扰动下邻近层状围岩隧道的稳定性与振速阈值[J].爆炸与冲击,2017,37(2):208-214.
[12] DOHYUN P,SEOKWON J.Reduction of blast-induced vibration in the direction of tunneling using an air-deck at the bottom of a blasthole[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,2010(47):752-761.
[13] COSTAMAGNA E,OGGERI C,SEGARRA P,et al..Assessment of contour profile quality in D&B tunnelling[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018(75):67-80.
[14] VERMA H K,SAMADHIYA N K,SINGH M,et al.Blast induced rock mass damage around tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018 (71):149-158.
[15] CAO J G,ALEJANO L R,ALONSO E,et al.Convergence-confinement curve analysis of excavation stress and strain resulting from blast-induced damage[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018(73):162-169.
[16] CARDU M,SECCATORE J.Quantifying the difficulty of tunnelling by drilling and blasting[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016(60):178-182.
[2] 金华东,邓鹏飞,徐伟健.傍山隧道施工爆破方案研究[J].中外公路,2014,34(6):202-205.
[3] 巩中江,柴敬尧,杨长庚.铁路隧道光面爆破施工技术与管理实例[J].隧道建设,2017,37(12):1 593-1 599.
[4] 袁树成.甘河隧道水平岩层超欠挖爆破控制技术[J].铁道建筑,2014,44(12):55-59.
[5] 邓祥辉,陈建勋,罗彦斌,等.水平层状围岩隧道爆破控制技术[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2017,37(2):73-80.
[6] 张运良,曹伟,王剑,等.水平层状岩体隧道超欠挖控制爆破技术[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2010,7(5):70-74.
[7] 邓锷,杨伟超,雷明锋,等.薄基岩顶板隧道爆破施工围岩稳定性分析[J].隧道建设,2017,37(11):1 430-1 435.
[8] 黄志强,吴立,邢心魁.复杂地质条件下大跨度隧道洞口爆破优化设计[J].爆破,2014,31(1):69-74.
[9] 方昱,刘开云.山岭隧道钻爆法施工参数控制的优化[J].北京交通大学学报,2015,39(1):14-20.
[10] 石洪超,邹新宽,张继春,等.层状围岩小净距隧道减振掘进爆破技术试验研究[J].爆破,2015,32(4):1-5.
[11] 吴亮,李凤,卢文波,等.爆破扰动下邻近层状围岩隧道的稳定性与振速阈值[J].爆炸与冲击,2017,37(2):208-214.
[12] DOHYUN P,SEOKWON J.Reduction of blast-induced vibration in the direction of tunneling using an air-deck at the bottom of a blasthole[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,2010(47):752-761.
[13] COSTAMAGNA E,OGGERI C,SEGARRA P,et al..Assessment of contour profile quality in D&B tunnelling[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018(75):67-80.
[14] VERMA H K,SAMADHIYA N K,SINGH M,et al.Blast induced rock mass damage around tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018 (71):149-158.
[15] CAO J G,ALEJANO L R,ALONSO E,et al.Convergence-confinement curve analysis of excavation stress and strain resulting from blast-induced damage[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018(73):162-169.
[16] CARDU M,SECCATORE J.Quantifying the difficulty of tunnelling by drilling and blasting[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016(60):178-182.