饲粮粗蛋白质水平对济宁百日鸡蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在通过研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对济宁百日鸡蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响,为确定济宁百日鸡适宜蛋白质需要量提供试验依据。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选用体重相近、健康的40周龄济宁百日鸡产蛋鸡525只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复21只鸡。各组分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平为13%、14%、15%、16%和17%的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,试验期56 d。结果表明:1)饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响了蛋重(P<0.05)。在一定的饲粮粗蛋白质水平范围(13%~16%)内,蛋重有随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高而升高的趋势。16%粗蛋白质水平组蛋重最大。2)饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响了44周龄的血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、尿酸(UA)含量及48周龄血清尿素(UREA)含量(P<0.05),但并未产生规律性的变化。综合试验结果,济宁百日鸡41~48周龄饲粮粗蛋白质水平不宜高于16%。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary crude protein level on egg quality and serum biochemical parameters of Jining Bairi chickens,and to provide experimental basis for determining the optimal protein requirement of Jining Bairi chickens.A single-factor completely randomized experiment design was applied,a total of 525 healthy 40-week-old Jining Bairi hens with similar weight were randomly allocated into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 21 chickens per replicate.The crude protein levels of the experimental diets were 13%,14%,15%,16%and 17%,respectively.The pretest period lasted for 7 days and the experiment lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:1) dietary crude protein level had a significant effect on egg weight(P<0.05).The egg weight showed a rising tendency with dietary crude protein level increased from 13%to 16%.The egg weight in 16%crude protein level group was the highest.2) Dietary crude protein level had significant effects on serum total protein(TP),albumin(ALB) and uric acid(UA) contents at the age of 44 weeks and serum urea(UREA) content at the age of 48 weeks(P<0.05),but it did not have the regularity of changes.In conclusion,the suitable dietary crude protein level of Jining Bairi chickens from 41 to 48 weeks of age is less than 16%.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary crude protein level on egg quality and serum biochemical parameters of Jining Bairi chickens,and to provide experimental basis for determining the optimal protein requirement of Jining Bairi chickens.A single-factor completely randomized experiment design was applied,a total of 525 healthy 40-week-old Jining Bairi hens with similar weight were randomly allocated into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 21 chickens per replicate.The crude protein levels of the experimental diets were 13%,14%,15%,16%and 17%,respectively.The pretest period lasted for 7 days and the experiment lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:1) dietary crude protein level had a significant effect on egg weight(P<0.05).The egg weight showed a rising tendency with dietary crude protein level increased from 13%to 16%.The egg weight in 16%crude protein level group was the highest.2) Dietary crude protein level had significant effects on serum total protein(TP),albumin(ALB) and uric acid(UA) contents at the age of 44 weeks and serum urea(UREA) content at the age of 48 weeks(P<0.05),but it did not have the regularity of changes.In conclusion,the suitable dietary crude protein level of Jining Bairi chickens from 41 to 48 weeks of age is less than 16%.
引文
[1]陈艳珍,张录强,宋新华,等.山东7个地方鸡品种鸡蛋中矿物质元素含量的比较研究[J].微量元素与健康研究,2006,23(6):32-34.
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[3]温杰锋.济宁百日鸡在不同饲养方式下的蛋品质及挥发性风味物质的研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
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[11]多乐,莫子艺,孔鹏,等.不同能量和蛋白质水平日粮对石岐杂鸡免疫器官发育及血液生化指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2011,(4):36-38+41.
[12]吕丽华,岳文斌.罗曼褐商品蛋鸡育成期不同蛋白质水平对血液生化指标的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2003,35(12):5-7.
[13]殷若新,曹丙健,胡希怡,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对济宁百日蛋种鸡生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(5):1549-1557.
[14]耿爱莲,石晓琳,王海宏,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对散养北京油鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(2):307-315.
[15]WU G,BRYANT M M,VOITLE R A,et al.Effect of dietary energy on perform ance and egg com position of Bovans w hite and Dekalb w hite hens during phase I[J].Poultry Science,2005,84(10):1610-1615.
[16]LIU Z,WU G,BRYANT M M,et al.Influence of added synthetic lysine for first phase second cycle com m ercial leghorns w ith the m ethionine+cysteine/lysine ratio m aintained at 0.75[J].International Journal of Poultry Science,2004,3(3):220-227.
[17]KANG C W,NAM K T,OLSON O E,et al.Effects of dietary protein level,restricted feeding,strain and age on eggshell quality in laying hens[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Anim al Sciences,1996,9(6):727-746.
[18]SEHU A,CENGIZ O,CAKIR S.The effects of diets including different energy and protein levels on egg production and quality in quails[J].Indian Veterinary Journal,2005,82(12):1291-1294.
[19]陈家华,刘莹.蛋和蛋品的质量[J].国外畜牧学:猪与禽,1998,(4):42-44.
[20]赵超,马学会,张国磊,等.不同品种蛋鸡鸡蛋品质的比较分析[J].中国饲料,2006,(1):18-20.
[21]雷秋霞,逯岩,韩海霞,等.山东地方鸡与海兰褐鸡蛋品质的比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(28):17327-17329.
[22]官丽辉,刘海斌,张立永,等.不同能量、蛋白水平日粮对育雏期塞北乌骨鸡生长发育规律、生化指标和肠道消化酶的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2013,33(8):1292-1300.
[23]李忠荣,陈婉如,叶鼎承,等.低蛋白质日粮对河田鸡生长性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].福建农业学报,2011,26(3):338-344.
[24]闵育娜.0~8w肉鹅能量和蛋白质营养需要量研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2005.
[25]陈祥林,黄兰珍,谭本杰,等.0~6周龄古典型岑溪三黄鸡对能量、蛋白质和含硫氨基酸营养需要量的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2008,35(8):21-23.
[26]朱由彩,李吕木,詹凯,等.日粮粗蛋白水平对淮南麻黄鸡种鸡产蛋性能的影响[J].中国家禽,2013,35(8):25-29.
[27]刘少凯,闵育娜,牛竹叶,等.日粮蛋白水平对13~18周龄略阳乌鸡生长性能、屠体性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2014,46(11):24-28.
[2]陈艳珍,张录强,宋新华.7个山东地方品种鸡蛋品质的比较[J].山东理工大学学报:自然科学版,2007,21(1):95-98.
[3]温杰锋.济宁百日鸡在不同饲养方式下的蛋品质及挥发性风味物质的研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[4]JOHNSON D J,FISHER H.The amino acid requirem ent of laying hens:4.supplying m inim al levels of essential am ino acid from natural feed ingredients[J].Poultry Science,1959,38(1):149-152.
[5]SILVA M F R,FARIA D E,RIZZOLI P W.Performance,egg quality and nitrogen balance of com m ercial laying hens fed diets w ith different levels of crude protein and lysine[J].Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia,2010,39(6):1280-1285.
[6]陈冠军,杨维仁,杨在宾,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对鲁西斗鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(10):2028-2035.
[7]何建平,李金钢,王智,等.棕色田鼠血液生理生化指标的测定[J].动物学杂志,2001,36(6):50-53.
[8]余红心,贾俊静,李琦华,等.不同蛋白质水平日粮对云南武定鸡生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2008,(5):24-26.
[9]OZEK K,BAHTIYARCA Y.Effects of sex and protein and energy levels in the diet on the blood param eters of the chukar partridge(Alectoris chukar)[J].British Poultry Science,2004,45(2):290-293.
[10]CHIANG Y H,YEO Y S.Effect of nutrition density and zeolite level in diet on body w eight gain,nutrient utilization and serum characteristics of broilers[J].Journal of Anim al Science,1983,51(2):591-600.
[11]多乐,莫子艺,孔鹏,等.不同能量和蛋白质水平日粮对石岐杂鸡免疫器官发育及血液生化指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2011,(4):36-38+41.
[12]吕丽华,岳文斌.罗曼褐商品蛋鸡育成期不同蛋白质水平对血液生化指标的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2003,35(12):5-7.
[13]殷若新,曹丙健,胡希怡,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对济宁百日蛋种鸡生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(5):1549-1557.
[14]耿爱莲,石晓琳,王海宏,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对散养北京油鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(2):307-315.
[15]WU G,BRYANT M M,VOITLE R A,et al.Effect of dietary energy on perform ance and egg com position of Bovans w hite and Dekalb w hite hens during phase I[J].Poultry Science,2005,84(10):1610-1615.
[16]LIU Z,WU G,BRYANT M M,et al.Influence of added synthetic lysine for first phase second cycle com m ercial leghorns w ith the m ethionine+cysteine/lysine ratio m aintained at 0.75[J].International Journal of Poultry Science,2004,3(3):220-227.
[17]KANG C W,NAM K T,OLSON O E,et al.Effects of dietary protein level,restricted feeding,strain and age on eggshell quality in laying hens[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Anim al Sciences,1996,9(6):727-746.
[18]SEHU A,CENGIZ O,CAKIR S.The effects of diets including different energy and protein levels on egg production and quality in quails[J].Indian Veterinary Journal,2005,82(12):1291-1294.
[19]陈家华,刘莹.蛋和蛋品的质量[J].国外畜牧学:猪与禽,1998,(4):42-44.
[20]赵超,马学会,张国磊,等.不同品种蛋鸡鸡蛋品质的比较分析[J].中国饲料,2006,(1):18-20.
[21]雷秋霞,逯岩,韩海霞,等.山东地方鸡与海兰褐鸡蛋品质的比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(28):17327-17329.
[22]官丽辉,刘海斌,张立永,等.不同能量、蛋白水平日粮对育雏期塞北乌骨鸡生长发育规律、生化指标和肠道消化酶的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2013,33(8):1292-1300.
[23]李忠荣,陈婉如,叶鼎承,等.低蛋白质日粮对河田鸡生长性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].福建农业学报,2011,26(3):338-344.
[24]闵育娜.0~8w肉鹅能量和蛋白质营养需要量研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2005.
[25]陈祥林,黄兰珍,谭本杰,等.0~6周龄古典型岑溪三黄鸡对能量、蛋白质和含硫氨基酸营养需要量的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2008,35(8):21-23.
[26]朱由彩,李吕木,詹凯,等.日粮粗蛋白水平对淮南麻黄鸡种鸡产蛋性能的影响[J].中国家禽,2013,35(8):25-29.
[27]刘少凯,闵育娜,牛竹叶,等.日粮蛋白水平对13~18周龄略阳乌鸡生长性能、屠体性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2014,46(11):24-28.