4D打印技术及其教育应用展望——兼论与“人工智能+教育”的融合
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摘要
作为第四次工业革命标志技术之一的4D打印技术,是增材制造领域的尖端技术。与当下3D打印技术相比,4D打印增加了时间维度,使打印产品能基于时间,接受特定外部刺激因子作用,实现自动形变、自动修复、自动组装。4D打印具有人本性、智能性、交互性、生态性和生成性等教育应用特性,可以为教学者或学习者打印个性化的教具、学具和玩具;同时,利用其自适应和自组装能力,可以重构智能化的学习空间,方便学习者进行协同编程,以培养信息时代所需要的编程素养。4D打印技术的教育应用,可以进一步深化和推动当下STEAM教育的跨学科教学,培养学习者的跨学科学习能力。未来教育是人与人工智能的协作,以人工智能为核心的新技术将与教学融合,成为下一个核心驱动力。4D打印也是人工智能在教育领域应用的重要形式,其具有的智慧属性,将更好地服务和支持未来教育,服务于面向未来的创新人才培养。
As the main feature of the 4 th Industrial Revolution, 4 D printing is a cutting-edge additive manufacture technology. Compared to 3 D printing, 4 D printing adds a new dimension of "time", which means, with the help of 4 D printing, the product is able to realize self-transformation, self-repair and self-assembly under a certain external stimulus under certain circumstances. From the perspective of education application, 4 D printing is featured as human-centered, smart, interactive and personalized, which enable both teachers and learners to print customized teaching aids, learning aids or toys. The self-adaptiveness and self-assembly of 4 D printing could be used to reconstruct learning space. It's convenient to perform collaborative programming and to develop programming literacy for learners, which is essential in 21 st century. What's more, as the STEAM education advocated, the interdisciplinary learning skills could also be developed with the support of 4 D printing. The next generation of education trend is the corporation between learners and artificial intelligence(AI). And the combination of AI-based technologies and teaching method could be the next driving force. 4 D printing is an important aspect of AI application in the field of education, and the smartness of the 4 D products could serve better and give support to future education.
As the main feature of the 4 th Industrial Revolution, 4 D printing is a cutting-edge additive manufacture technology. Compared to 3 D printing, 4 D printing adds a new dimension of "time", which means, with the help of 4 D printing, the product is able to realize self-transformation, self-repair and self-assembly under a certain external stimulus under certain circumstances. From the perspective of education application, 4 D printing is featured as human-centered, smart, interactive and personalized, which enable both teachers and learners to print customized teaching aids, learning aids or toys. The self-adaptiveness and self-assembly of 4 D printing could be used to reconstruct learning space. It's convenient to perform collaborative programming and to develop programming literacy for learners, which is essential in 21 st century. What's more, as the STEAM education advocated, the interdisciplinary learning skills could also be developed with the support of 4 D printing. The next generation of education trend is the corporation between learners and artificial intelligence(AI). And the combination of AI-based technologies and teaching method could be the next driving force. 4 D printing is an important aspect of AI application in the field of education, and the smartness of the 4 D products could serve better and give support to future education.
引文
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