压水堆驱动机构钩爪激光与GTAW钴基合金堆焊层组织分析及性能表征
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摘要
控制棒驱动机构(Control rod drive mechanism,CRDM)是压水堆反应堆本体中唯一的能动设备,是集结构力学、电磁学、流体力学、传热学、自动控制等于一体的设备。钩爪部件形状复杂、结构精密,是压水堆(PWR)一回路的运动执行部件,其销轴孔与齿部钴基合金堆焊层组织与性能要求极高。本工作通过氩弧焊(GTAW)、激光焊(LBW)两种工艺试验,获得了满足设计要求的工艺参数。对两种工艺获得的钴基合金堆焊熔敷层进行了组织表征与分析,比较了两种工艺熔敷层的宏观与微观形貌差异,对熔敷层显微硬度进行了测试与对比分析,对熔敷层界面处的Co、Cr、Fe等元素进行了线扫描,通过Fe元素的分布分析了两种不同熔敷层稀释率与硬度差异的关系。两种堆焊层均未观察到微裂纹、夹杂、气孔、未熔合等缺陷,激光熔敷钴基堆焊层晶粒最细,因细晶强化作用,其显微硬度也最高。
The control rod drive mechanism(CRDM) is only active component in reactor system, involving structural mechanics, electromagnetics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and automatic control. The shape of the latch arms is complex and precise, the latch arms is the motion actuator in primary circuit of the pressurized water reactor(PWR), the cladding layer of pin hole and the ministry of latch arms tooth is welded by the cobalt alloy, so the microstructure and properties of the cladding layer have a great influence on the CRDM. In order to get the appropriate process parameters that meet the design requirements, we carried out the GTA welding and laser welding process test. In addition, we carried out the microstructure characterization and analysis of the cladding layer that welded by the cobalt alloy. We also have compared with the macro and micro morphology of the cladding layer that welded by GTA welding and laser welding, and tested the micro hardness of the cladding layer. The element Co, Cr, Fe of the cladding layer have been tested by the line scanning. The hardness of the two different cladding layer is relation to the dilution rate through the analysis distribution of element Fe. No microscopic cracks, the inclusion, air hole, fusion and other defects were observed in two different cladding layer. Because of the fine grain strengthening, the grain is the most fine in the cladding layer of laser welding. The micro hardness is also the highest in the cladding layer of laser welding.
The control rod drive mechanism(CRDM) is only active component in reactor system, involving structural mechanics, electromagnetics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and automatic control. The shape of the latch arms is complex and precise, the latch arms is the motion actuator in primary circuit of the pressurized water reactor(PWR), the cladding layer of pin hole and the ministry of latch arms tooth is welded by the cobalt alloy, so the microstructure and properties of the cladding layer have a great influence on the CRDM. In order to get the appropriate process parameters that meet the design requirements, we carried out the GTA welding and laser welding process test. In addition, we carried out the microstructure characterization and analysis of the cladding layer that welded by the cobalt alloy. We also have compared with the macro and micro morphology of the cladding layer that welded by GTA welding and laser welding, and tested the micro hardness of the cladding layer. The element Co, Cr, Fe of the cladding layer have been tested by the line scanning. The hardness of the two different cladding layer is relation to the dilution rate through the analysis distribution of element Fe. No microscopic cracks, the inclusion, air hole, fusion and other defects were observed in two different cladding layer. Because of the fine grain strengthening, the grain is the most fine in the cladding layer of laser welding. The micro hardness is also the highest in the cladding layer of laser welding.
引文
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4 Mennon R.Welding Journal,1996,75(2),43.
5 郭火明,等.材料科学与工艺,2015(1),69.
6 张扬健,陈德胜.节能与环保,2017(1),52.
7 王立来,黄大鹏,吴洪.设备监理,2011(1),32.
8 周诗光.秦山一期CRDM关键部件失效机理及可靠性分析.硕士学位论文,上海交通大学,2008.
9 张艺,马志凯,等.热加工工艺,2015(14),40.
10 张松,等.激光熔覆钴基合金组织及其抗腐蚀性能.中国激光,2001(9),860.
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12 谢明.邵阳学院学报,2004(3),47.
13 马壮,李剑,等.热加工工艺,2012(10),162.
14 吴健.机械制造与自动化,2004(4),52.