Q235钢与316不锈钢异种钢焊接接头组织及力学性能的研究
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摘要
采用手工电弧焊,填充A307焊条,对Q235钢和316不锈钢进行焊接,得到两种钢的焊接接头。利用金相显微镜对焊接接头的不同区域进行显微组织分析,通过扫描电镜能谱仪对焊接接头进行元素扫描,利用维氏硬度计对焊接接头的硬度进行测定。结果表明:在Q235钢和316不锈钢焊接接头中,焊缝组织呈柱状晶生长,在近焊缝一侧Q235钢中产生脱碳层而软化,在近Q235焊缝一侧出现增碳层而硬化,靠近焊缝的Q235钢热影响区出现针状铁素体组织,热影响区晶粒相对较粗大。316不锈钢热影响区和母材区组织均为奥氏体,Q235钢母材区组织为铁素体与珠光体。通过线扫描发现镍、铬元素在焊缝区域分布基本均匀。焊接接头中焊缝区硬度最高,约为195HV,Q235钢的硬度最低,约为121HV。
Q235 steel and 316 stainless steel were welded by means of manual arc welding with filling A307 electrode.The welded joint of two kinds of steels was obtained. The microstructure of different areas in welded joints was analyzed by optical microscope, element scanning was performed by energy spectrum of scanning electron microscopy. The hardness was determined by Vickers hardness tester. The results show that in the welded joint of Q235 steel and 316 stainless steel, the microstructure of weld seam is columnar crystal, decarburization layer appears in Q235 steel near the weld seam, which causes softening, carbon-enriched layer emerges in weld seam near Q235 steel, which causes hardening. Acicular ferrite arises in heat affect zone of Q235 steel near weld seam, the grain in the heat affected zone is relatively coarse. The microstructure of heat affect zone of 316 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel parent material is austenite, and the Q235 steel parent metal microstructure is composed of ferrite and pearlite. Through the line scan, the distribution of nickel and chromium in weld seam zone is uniform. The hardness of weld zone is up to the maximum, the value is about 195 HV, the hardness of Q235 steel is minimum, the value is 121 HV.
Q235 steel and 316 stainless steel were welded by means of manual arc welding with filling A307 electrode.The welded joint of two kinds of steels was obtained. The microstructure of different areas in welded joints was analyzed by optical microscope, element scanning was performed by energy spectrum of scanning electron microscopy. The hardness was determined by Vickers hardness tester. The results show that in the welded joint of Q235 steel and 316 stainless steel, the microstructure of weld seam is columnar crystal, decarburization layer appears in Q235 steel near the weld seam, which causes softening, carbon-enriched layer emerges in weld seam near Q235 steel, which causes hardening. Acicular ferrite arises in heat affect zone of Q235 steel near weld seam, the grain in the heat affected zone is relatively coarse. The microstructure of heat affect zone of 316 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel parent material is austenite, and the Q235 steel parent metal microstructure is composed of ferrite and pearlite. Through the line scan, the distribution of nickel and chromium in weld seam zone is uniform. The hardness of weld zone is up to the maximum, the value is about 195 HV, the hardness of Q235 steel is minimum, the value is 121 HV.
引文
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