基于跨断层形变资料的川滇菱形块体西侧主要活动断裂近场活动特征分析
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摘要
利用2010—2017年跨断层近场形变观测资料,采用最小二乘法求解川滇菱形块体西侧主要活动断裂近场区域的应变参数,分析各断裂带上最大剪应变、应变率、面应变、面应变率的近场结果。结果显示:①程海断裂剪切活动北段强于南段,张压活动在2013年前后出现转折变化,具有分段特征,北段由压性转为趋势张性、南段由张压不明显转为压性变化;②红河断裂剪切活动中段最强、北段次之、南段最弱,面应变结果显示北、中段长期处于压性活动状态,南段目前张压活动不明显;③曲江断裂表现为弱剪切压性累积增强的活动特征;④石屏—建水断裂显示出弱剪切压性活动特征。综上分析认为研究区断裂活动特征表现为压性增强且剪切活动强或长期处于压性状态下的弱剪切活动的断裂存在应变积累,因此程海断裂南段、红河断裂北段、曲江、石屏—建水断裂地震危险性值得关注。
Making use of observation data of cross-fault near-field deformation monitoring from 2010 to 2017 at the west side of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block,we use the least square method to solve and analyze the near field parameters such as the maximum shear strain and the shear strain rate,the surface strain and the surface strain rate.The results show that:① Shearing activity of the northern section of the Chenghai fault is stronger than that of the southern section,and tension-squeezing activity has a segmental characteristics before and after 2013.The north section of the Chenghai fault changes from compressive activity to tensional activity,and the southern segment changed from weak activity to compressive activity.② The shearing activity of the Honghe fault is the strongest in the middle part,with the northern part weaker,and the southern part is the weakest.The surface strain results show that the northern and middle segments is compressive for a long time,while the current tension-squeezing of southern segment is not obvious.③ The active characteristics of the Qujiang fault appears weak shear and cumulative accumulation pressure.④ The active characteristics shows weak shear and pressure in the Shiping-Jianshui fault.In summary,it is considered that the fault activity is characterized by the existence of strain accumulation in the faults with enhanced pressure and strong shear activity and weak shear activity under long-term compressive state.Therefore,the seismic hazard is worthy of attention in faults of the southern section of the Chenghai fault,the northern section of the Honghe fault,the Qujiang fault and Shiping-Jianshui.
Making use of observation data of cross-fault near-field deformation monitoring from 2010 to 2017 at the west side of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block,we use the least square method to solve and analyze the near field parameters such as the maximum shear strain and the shear strain rate,the surface strain and the surface strain rate.The results show that:① Shearing activity of the northern section of the Chenghai fault is stronger than that of the southern section,and tension-squeezing activity has a segmental characteristics before and after 2013.The north section of the Chenghai fault changes from compressive activity to tensional activity,and the southern segment changed from weak activity to compressive activity.② The shearing activity of the Honghe fault is the strongest in the middle part,with the northern part weaker,and the southern part is the weakest.The surface strain results show that the northern and middle segments is compressive for a long time,while the current tension-squeezing of southern segment is not obvious.③ The active characteristics of the Qujiang fault appears weak shear and cumulative accumulation pressure.④ The active characteristics shows weak shear and pressure in the Shiping-Jianshui fault.In summary,it is considered that the fault activity is characterized by the existence of strain accumulation in the faults with enhanced pressure and strong shear activity and weak shear activity under long-term compressive state.Therefore,the seismic hazard is worthy of attention in faults of the southern section of the Chenghai fault,the northern section of the Honghe fault,the Qujiang fault and Shiping-Jianshui.
引文
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张培震,邓启东,张国民,等.2003.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块[J].中国科学:地球科学,33(增刊1):12-20.
张清志,刘宇平,陈志粱,等.2006.红河断裂的GPS监测[J].地球学报,27(4):367-372.
张清志,刘宇平,陈智梁,等.2007.红河断裂带的GPS观测数据反演[J].地球物理学进展,22(2):418-421.
朱爽,杨国华,刘辛中,等.2017.川滇地区近期地壳变形动态特征研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),42(12):1765-1772.
Hong M,Shao D S,Wu T F,et al.2018.Short-Impending Earthquake Anomaly Index Extracting of GNSS Continuous Observation Data in Yunnan,Southwestern China[J].Journal of Earth Science,29(1):230-236.
Wang Y,Zhang B,Hou J J,et al.2014.Structure and tectonic geomorphology of the Qujiang Fault at the intersection of the Ailao Shan-Red River Fault and the xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system,China[J].Tectonophysics,634:156-170.
邓启东,张培震,冉勇康,等.2002.中国活动构造基本特征[J].中国科学:地球科学,32(12):1020-1030.
方颖,江在森,邵志刚,等.2014.利用GPS连续资料分析川滇地区的地壳变形特征[J].地震研究,37(2):204-209.
皇甫岗,陈颙,秦嘉政,等.2010.云南地震活动性[M].昆明:云南科技出版社.
黄建平,石耀霖,李文静.2010.从跨断层短基线观测计算地应变的方法探讨—唐山台地形变数据为例[J].地球物理学报,53(5):1118-1126.
虢顺民,季凤桔,向宏发,等.2001.红河活动断裂带[M].北京:海洋出版社.
江在森,丁平,王双绪,等.2001.中国西部大地形变监测与地震预测[M].北京:地震出版社,5-6.
阚荣举,张四昌,晏风桐.1977.我国西南地区现代构造应力场与现代构造活动特征的探讨[J].地球物理学报,20(2):96-109.
李熠航,郝明,季灵运,等.2014.青藏高原东缘中南部主要活动断裂华东速率及其地震局亏损[J].地球物理学报,57(4):1062-1078.
陆明勇,刘天海,黄宝森,等.2011.跨断层流动形变监测环境及监测技术探讨[J].大地测量与地球动力学,31(5):141-144.
乔学军,王琪,杜瑞林.2004.川滇地区活动地块现今地壳形变特征[J].地球物理学报,47(5):805-811.
施发奇,付云文,汪志民.2012.GNSS 基准站基线时间序列反映红河断裂带运动特征研究[J].地震研究,35(4):529-534.
王伶俐,王青华,张勇,等.2016.基于GPS的云南地区主要断裂带现今运动特征分析[J].防灾科技学院学报,18(1):1-8.
王阎昭,王恩宁,沈正康,等.2008.基于GPS资料约束反演穿点地区主要断裂现今活动速率[J].中国科学:地球科学,38(5):283-597.
王洋,张波,侯建军,等.2015.曲江断裂晚第四纪活动特征及滑动速率分析[J].地震地质,37(4):1177-1192.
闻学泽,杜方,龙锋,等.2011.小江和曲江—石屏两断裂系统的构造动力学与强震序列的关联性[J].中国科学:地球科学,41(5):713-724.
杨国华,王琪,王敏,等.2003.云南地区现今地壳水平运动与变形特征[J].大地测量学与地球动力学,23(2):7-14.
岳彩亚,党亚民,杨强,等.2017.川滇地区次级地块及其主要断裂带现今活动研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,37(2):176-181.
张培震,邓启东,张国民,等.2003.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块[J].中国科学:地球科学,33(增刊1):12-20.
张清志,刘宇平,陈志粱,等.2006.红河断裂的GPS监测[J].地球学报,27(4):367-372.
张清志,刘宇平,陈智梁,等.2007.红河断裂带的GPS观测数据反演[J].地球物理学进展,22(2):418-421.
朱爽,杨国华,刘辛中,等.2017.川滇地区近期地壳变形动态特征研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),42(12):1765-1772.
Hong M,Shao D S,Wu T F,et al.2018.Short-Impending Earthquake Anomaly Index Extracting of GNSS Continuous Observation Data in Yunnan,Southwestern China[J].Journal of Earth Science,29(1):230-236.
Wang Y,Zhang B,Hou J J,et al.2014.Structure and tectonic geomorphology of the Qujiang Fault at the intersection of the Ailao Shan-Red River Fault and the xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system,China[J].Tectonophysics,634:156-170.