~(60)Co-γ射线对海州常山的辐照效应
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摘要
探讨~(60)Co-γ射线对海州常山枝条的辐照诱变效应,为海州常山辐照育种提供参考。利用~(60)Co-γ射线对海州常山休眠枝插穗、嫩枝插穗进行辐照处理后扦插,辐照诱变对成活率、新梢成长、叶片、根系形态特征的效应进行初步研究。结果表明:1)随着辐照剂量的升高,休眠枝插穗、嫩枝插穗扦插成活率呈下降趋势,2种材料的半致死剂量(LD_(50))分别为28 Gy和31 Gy。2)辐照抑制了休眠枝插穗幼苗新梢与地下根系的生长,叶片面积也稍微降低,但对嫩枝插穗幼苗影响不大。3)辐照易引起插穗幼苗新梢枝条、叶片发生变异,枝条出现扁化分叉枝变异,叶片出现叶序紊乱、叶面缺刻、叶二尖等变异,且一定剂量的辐照会提高枝条、叶片变异率,高剂量抑制枝、叶变异率。4)本研究结果可为海州常山辐照育种提供一定技术参考,促进海州常山育种发展进程。
In order to provide a reference for irradiation breeding of Clerodendrum trichotomum, the mutagenic effect of ~(60)Co-γ ray irradiation on the shoots of C. trichotomum was studied in Nanjing, Jiangsu. The annual dormant branch cuttings and one-year semiligni?ed twig cuttings were treated with ~(60)Co-γ irradiation at different doses, and then were planted. The effects of ~(60)Co-γ irradiation on survival rate of branch cuttings, growth of new shoots, morphological character of leaves and roots were investigated. The ?ndings are as follows: 1) With the increase of irradiation dose, the survival rate of dormant branch cutting; twig cutting showed a downward trend, and the semi-lethal doses(LD_(50)) of the two materials were 28 and 31 Gy, respectively. 2) Irradiation inhibited the growth of new shoots and underground roots of dormant branch cuttings, and reduced the leaf area slightly, but had little effect on young shoots. 3)Irradiation easily caused new shoots and new leaves of the cutting seedlings to mutate, the new shooting branches inclined to be ?attened and bifurcation, the leaves appeared phyllotaxis disorder, incised leaf and biacuminate leaf, and a certain dose of irradiation increased the branch and leaf variation rate, and the high dose inhibited the branch and leaf variation rate. 4) The results of this study can provide certain application value for the irradiation breeding of C. trichotomum, and promote the breeding process.
In order to provide a reference for irradiation breeding of Clerodendrum trichotomum, the mutagenic effect of ~(60)Co-γ ray irradiation on the shoots of C. trichotomum was studied in Nanjing, Jiangsu. The annual dormant branch cuttings and one-year semiligni?ed twig cuttings were treated with ~(60)Co-γ irradiation at different doses, and then were planted. The effects of ~(60)Co-γ irradiation on survival rate of branch cuttings, growth of new shoots, morphological character of leaves and roots were investigated. The ?ndings are as follows: 1) With the increase of irradiation dose, the survival rate of dormant branch cutting; twig cutting showed a downward trend, and the semi-lethal doses(LD_(50)) of the two materials were 28 and 31 Gy, respectively. 2) Irradiation inhibited the growth of new shoots and underground roots of dormant branch cuttings, and reduced the leaf area slightly, but had little effect on young shoots. 3)Irradiation easily caused new shoots and new leaves of the cutting seedlings to mutate, the new shooting branches inclined to be ?attened and bifurcation, the leaves appeared phyllotaxis disorder, incised leaf and biacuminate leaf, and a certain dose of irradiation increased the branch and leaf variation rate, and the high dose inhibited the branch and leaf variation rate. 4) The results of this study can provide certain application value for the irradiation breeding of C. trichotomum, and promote the breeding process.
引文
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[20]叶开玉,李洁维,蒋桥生,等.猕猴桃60Co-γ射线辐射诱变育种适宜剂量的研究[J].广西植物,2012,32(5):694-697.
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[23]SUGIYAMA M,SAITO H I H,HAYASHI Y.Biological effects of heavy-ion beam irradiation on cyclamen[J].Plant Biotechnology,2008,25(1):101-104.
[24]何平,王玉霞,李林光,等.60Co-γ辐射对嘎拉苹果枝条诱变效应的研究[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(2):38-40.
[25]杨振,李疆,梅闯,等.60Co-γ辐照对库尔勒香梨枝条当代诱变效应初报[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(5):848-855.
[26]闫海霞,王晓国,蒋月喜,等.两种月季的60Co-γ射线辐照敏感性及半致死剂量研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(8):1877-1881.
[2]曾现艳,王华田,王延平,等.14个海州常山种源的染色体核型[J].浙江农林大学学报,2011,28(3):372-379.
[3]李洁茹.海州常山的应用价值及繁殖技术[J].中国园艺文摘,2011,27(9):153-154.
[4]郭红艳,王森,张自强,等.华中五味子两个不同野生雄株花粉特性研究[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):91-96.
[5]庞彩红,亓文英,李双云,等.国槐人工杂交技术研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(1):6-10.
[6]刘军丽,沈红香,高遐红,等.60Co-γ辐射对苹果属观赏海棠诱变效应的研究初报[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(8):223-226.
[7]尹航,覃伟铭,南鑫,等.60Co-γ射线对库尔勒香梨的辐射效应[J].经济林研究,2013,31(2):71-77.
[8]周小梅,赵运林,蒋建雄,等.几种冷季型草坪草辐射敏感性及其辐射育种半致死剂量的确定[J].矿业工程研究,2005,27(1):75-78.
[9]王兆玉,林敬明,罗莉,等.小油桐种子的60Co-γ射线辐射敏感性及半致死剂量的研究[J].南方医科大学学报,2009,29(3):506-508.
[10]MIYAKE T,INOUE K.Character displacement in style length between pollinator-sharing Clerodendrum trichotomum,and C.izuinsulare,(Verbenaceae)[J].Plant Systematics&Evolution,2003,243(1-2):31-38.
[11]JANSUMIRA,PARWEENTALAT,SIDDIQIT O,et al.Effect of gamma radiation on morphological,biochemical,and physiolog[J].Environmental Reviews,2012,20(3):227-250.
[12]史玉敏,罗先真,严恒,等.60Co-γ射线辐照对桂花枝条生长和生理指标的影响及耐辐照性评价[J].核农学报,2017,31(2):350-356.
[13]倪大鹏,赵善仓,朱彦威,等.60Co-γ射线辐照对金银花插穗的诱变效应[J].现代中药研究与实践,2009(5):10-12.
[14]敖妍,张国盛,鲁韧强,等.扶芳藤种子与枝条的60Co-γ辐射效应[J].核农学报,2006,20(3):202-204.
[15]徐宏,胡小红,陈军顺,等.辐射诱变选育栀子新品系[J].核农学报,2010,24(5):937-940.
[16]刘军丽,沈红香,高遐红,等.60Co-γ辐射对苹果属观赏海棠诱变效应的研究初报[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(8):223-226.
[17]秦献泉,徐宁,朱建华,等.荔枝枝条辐射生物学效应研究初报[J].种子,2016,35(7):5-9.
[18]胡春根,邓秀新.几种果树花粉对软X射线的辐射敏感性差异[J].华中农业大学学报,1996,15(4):376-380.
[19]耿兴敏,王良桂,李娜,等.60Co-γ辐射对桂花种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(2):216-223.
[20]叶开玉,李洁维,蒋桥生,等.猕猴桃60Co-γ射线辐射诱变育种适宜剂量的研究[J].广西植物,2012,32(5):694-697.
[21]刘忠松,罗赫荣.现代植物育种学[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[22]张玉娇,杨峰,赵林,等.金帅和嘎啦苹果60Co-γ辐射诱变效应的初步研究[J].江西农业学报,2012,24(5):76-77.
[23]SUGIYAMA M,SAITO H I H,HAYASHI Y.Biological effects of heavy-ion beam irradiation on cyclamen[J].Plant Biotechnology,2008,25(1):101-104.
[24]何平,王玉霞,李林光,等.60Co-γ辐射对嘎拉苹果枝条诱变效应的研究[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(2):38-40.
[25]杨振,李疆,梅闯,等.60Co-γ辐照对库尔勒香梨枝条当代诱变效应初报[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(5):848-855.
[26]闫海霞,王晓国,蒋月喜,等.两种月季的60Co-γ射线辐照敏感性及半致死剂量研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(8):1877-1881.