超声预处理对ZL205A铝合金铸件凝固组织的影响
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摘要
在液相线以上不同的温度对ZL205A铝合金熔体施加超声预处理后进行浇铸,研究在液相高温区段对ZL205A铝合金熔体施加超声预处理后对其铸件凝固组织的影响,探索超声预处理ZL205A铝合金熔体对其铸件凝固组织影响的作用机制。研究结果表明:超声波作用于ZL205A铝合金熔体高温液相区段能有效减少其铸件凝固组织的气孔,细化其铸件的凝固组织,且这种细化效果随着超声施振温度的提高而减弱。超声空化促进Al3Ti的形成和分布,提高形核率是超声预处理ZL205A铝合金熔体改善其铸件凝固组织的主要机制。
In order to study the influence of ultrasonic pretreatment(UT) of ZL205A aluminum alloy melt in high temperature range on the casting microstructures and its mechanism,ultrasonic treatment was applied in the molten ZL205A aluminum alloy in different temperature ranges above its liquidus. The results show that UT applied in the molten ZL205A aluminum alloy at different temperatures above its liquidus can effectively reduce the porosity in its solidification structure, refine its casting microstructure and the refinement is gradually weakened by increasing the temperature of applying ultrasonic vibration. Ultrasonic cavitation/assists the formation and distribution of Al3 Ti and increases the nucleation rate, which is the main mechanism of refining casting solidification structure after ultrasonic pretreatment of molten ZL205A aluminum alloy.
In order to study the influence of ultrasonic pretreatment(UT) of ZL205A aluminum alloy melt in high temperature range on the casting microstructures and its mechanism,ultrasonic treatment was applied in the molten ZL205A aluminum alloy in different temperature ranges above its liquidus. The results show that UT applied in the molten ZL205A aluminum alloy at different temperatures above its liquidus can effectively reduce the porosity in its solidification structure, refine its casting microstructure and the refinement is gradually weakened by increasing the temperature of applying ultrasonic vibration. Ultrasonic cavitation/assists the formation and distribution of Al3 Ti and increases the nucleation rate, which is the main mechanism of refining casting solidification structure after ultrasonic pretreatment of molten ZL205A aluminum alloy.
引文
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[25]LI Min,WANG Hongwei,WEI Zunjie,et al.Effect of returns on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu based alloys[J].China Foundry,2010,7(1):37-42.
[26]李瑞卿,李晓谦,陈平虎,等.超声空化对大规格高强铝合金热顶铸造凝固组织的影响及作用机理[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(10):3354-3360.LI Ruiqing,LI Xiaoqian,CHEN Pinghu,et al.Effect rules and function mechanism of ultrasonic cavitation on solidification microstructure of large size high-strength aluminum alloy with hot top casting[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(10):3354-3360.
[2]王松涛,赵忠兴,田庆海,等.ZL205A合金热处理工艺研究[J].热加工工艺,2005(5):39-40.WANG Songtao,ZHAO Zhongxing,TIAN Qinghai,et al.Study on heat treatment for ZL205A alloy[J].Hot Working Technology,2005(5):39-40.
[3]贾泮江,陈邦峰.ZL205A高强铸造铝合金的性能及应用[J].轻合金加工技术,2009,37(11):10-12.JIA Panjiang,CHEN Bangfeng.The properties and application of high strength ZL205A casting aluminum alloy[J].Light Alloy Fabrication Technology,2009,37(11):10-12.
[4]贾泮江,陈邦峰.ZL205A合金高强优质铸件在大飞机上的应用[J].材料工程,2009(1):77-80.JIA Panjiang,CHEN Bangfeng.Application of ZL205A high strength and high-quality casting in large aircraft[J].Materials Engineering,2009(1):77-80.
[5]张海珍.ZL205A高强度铝铜合金铸造性能及工艺技术研究[D].太原:中北大学材料科学与工程学院,2010:1-6.ZHANG Haizhen.The study on casting properties and process technology of ZL205A high strength aluminum alloy[D].Taiyuan:North University of China.School of Materials Science and Engineering,2010:1-6.
[6]贤福超,郭凡,肖文丰.ZL205A合金元素偏析行为[J].铸造,2014,63(10):995-998.XIAN Fuchao,GUO Fan,XIAO Wenfeng.Study on elements segregation behavior of ZL205A alloy[J].Foundry,2014,63(10):995-998.
[7]WANG Ye,WU Shiping,XUE Xiang,et al.Formation mechanism and criterion of linear segregation in ZL205A alloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014,24(11):3632-3638.
[8]ESKIN G I,ESKIN D G.Ultrasonic treatment of light alloy melts[M].Florida:CRC Press,2014:32-54.
[9]ESKIN G I,Broad prospects for commercial application of the ultrasonic(cavitation)melt treatment of light alloys[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2001,8(3):319-325.
[10]JIAN X,XU H,MEEK T T,et al.Effect of power ultrasound on solidification of aluminum A356 alloy[J].Materials Letters,2005,59(2):190-193.
[11]QIAN M,RAMIREZ A,DAS A.Ultrasonic refinement of magnesium by cavitation:clarifying the role of wall crystals[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2009,311(14):3708-3715.
[12]ZHANG L H,JUN Y U,ZHANG X M.Effect of ultrasonic power and casting speed on solidification structure of 7050aluminum alloy ingot in ultrasonic field[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2010,17(3):431-436.
[13]ATAMANENKO T V,ESKIN D G,ZHANG L,et al.Criteria of grain refinement induced by ultrasonic melt treatment of aluminum alloys containing Zr and Ti[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions Part A,2010,41(8):2056-2066.
[14]ATAMANENKO T V,ESKIN D G,SLUITER M,et al.On the mechanism of grain refinement in Al-Zr-Ti alloys[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2011,509(1):57-60.
[15]WANG G,DARGUSCH M S,QIAN M,et al.The role of ultrasonic treatment in refining the as-cast grain structure during the solidification of an Al-2Cu alloy[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2014,408:119-124.
[16]李晓谦,刘诗月,蒋日鹏.超声场对7B50铝合金凝固组织的影响[J].上海有色金属,2008,29(2):47-50.LI Xiaoqian,LIU Shiyue,JIANG Ripeng.Effect of Ultrasonic Field on Solidified Structure of 7B50 Aluminum Alloy[J].Shanghai Nonferrous Metals,2008,29(2):47-50.
[17]蒋日鹏,李晓谦,李开烨,等.超声对铝合金凝固传热与组织形成的影响与作用机制[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(10):3807-3813.JIANG Ripeng,LI Xiaoqian,LI Kaiye,et al.Effect of ultrasonic on heat transfer and microstructure formation of aluminum alloy during solidification and its mechanism[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(10):3807-3813.
[18]LI R,LIU Z,DONG F,et al.Grain Refinement of a large-scale al alloy casting by introducing the multiple ultrasonic generators during solidification[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2016,47(8):3790-3796.
[19]田荣璋.铸造铝合金[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2006:84-85,127-132.TIAN Rongzhang.Casting aluminum alloys[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,2006:84-85,127-132.
[20]巫瑞智,孙宝德,疏达,等.铝熔体除氢[J].材料科学与工艺,2006,14(2):218-221.WU Ruizhi,SUN Baode,SHU Da,et al.Degassing of aluminum melt[J].MATERIALS SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY,2006,14(2):218-221.
[21]李新涛,赵建强,宁绍斌,等.功率超声对水平连铸Al-1%Si合金凝固的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(S2):284-287.LI Xintao,ZHAO Jianqiang,NING Shaobin,et al.Effect of high-intensity ultrasonic on the solidification of Al-1%Si alloy by horizontally continuous cast[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(2):284-286.
[22]林森.超声波在铝合金铸造过程中对AITi C细化剂作用规律的研究[D].长沙:中南大学机电工程学院,2013:5-7.LIN Sen.Study of the action law of ultrasonic on Al Ti C grain refiner in casting process of aluminum alloy[D].Changsha:Central South University.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,2013:5-7.
[23]刘楚明,蒋树农,陈志永,等.铝合金相图集[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2014:88-90.LIU Chuming,JIANG Shunong,CHEN Zhiyong,et al.Phase atlas of aluminum alloy[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,2014:88-90.
[24]刘荣光.超声波在铝熔体中的声场分布和空化效应及其对凝固过程影响[D].长沙:中南大学机电工程学院,2008:74-77.LIU Rongguang.Ultrasonic field distribution and cavitation in aluminium melt and its effects on solidification[D].Changsha:Central South University.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,2008:74-77.
[25]LI Min,WANG Hongwei,WEI Zunjie,et al.Effect of returns on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu based alloys[J].China Foundry,2010,7(1):37-42.
[26]李瑞卿,李晓谦,陈平虎,等.超声空化对大规格高强铝合金热顶铸造凝固组织的影响及作用机理[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(10):3354-3360.LI Ruiqing,LI Xiaoqian,CHEN Pinghu,et al.Effect rules and function mechanism of ultrasonic cavitation on solidification microstructure of large size high-strength aluminum alloy with hot top casting[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(10):3354-3360.