海拔高度对柴油机活塞温度及热负荷的影响
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摘要
利用研制的存储式活塞稳态温度测量装置对变海拔高度下的活塞多个测点稳态温度进行了测量,以试验测量结果作为标定依据,计算不同海拔高度下的活塞温度场和热机耦合应力,研究活塞热负荷随海拔高度的变化规律.结果表明:在工况一定时,活塞测点温度随海拔高度增加而升高,在海拔高度为3.0 km处,关键测点的最高温度达292℃,比在平原海拔高度高了30℃以上;活塞第一环槽温度也由平原的225℃升高到高海拔处的261℃,已经出现润滑油结焦的情况.活塞应力值和变形受海拔高度影响较大,在高海拔时活塞热应力和热变形明显增大.研究结果可为高原工作的活塞设计、改进和热负荷的控制提供参考.
To study the effect of altitude(from 0 to 4.5 km)on piston thermal load,a piston temperature test at various altitude levels was conducted using piston steady temperature storage test system on a diesel test bench. The piston temperature field and stress field were also simulated under the calibration with the temperature measurement results.The research results show that the piston temperature increases as the altitude increases at the same operating condition. At the altitude of 3.0 km,the highest temperature at some measurement points in the piston reaches 292 ℃,30℃ higher than that at plain area. The highest temperature in the first ring groove increases from 225 ℃ at plain area to261 ℃ as the altitude increases to 3.0 km. This leads to lubrication oil failure and an occurrence of coke phenomenon.The thermal stress and the thermal deformation of the piston are significantly influenced by the increase of the altitude.They are obviously increased as the altitude rises. The research conclusions provide an important reference for the piston design and thermal load control at high altitude.
To study the effect of altitude(from 0 to 4.5 km)on piston thermal load,a piston temperature test at various altitude levels was conducted using piston steady temperature storage test system on a diesel test bench. The piston temperature field and stress field were also simulated under the calibration with the temperature measurement results.The research results show that the piston temperature increases as the altitude increases at the same operating condition. At the altitude of 3.0 km,the highest temperature at some measurement points in the piston reaches 292 ℃,30℃ higher than that at plain area. The highest temperature in the first ring groove increases from 225 ℃ at plain area to261 ℃ as the altitude increases to 3.0 km. This leads to lubrication oil failure and an occurrence of coke phenomenon.The thermal stress and the thermal deformation of the piston are significantly influenced by the increase of the altitude.They are obviously increased as the altitude rises. The research conclusions provide an important reference for the piston design and thermal load control at high altitude.
引文
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[13]Dai H,Huang R,Li G,et al.Memory test system for piston steady-state temperature measurement[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,110:436-441.
[14]肖永宁,潘克煜,韩国埏.内燃机热负荷和热强度[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1988.
[15]张俊红,何振鹏,张桂昌,等.柴油机活塞热负荷和机械负荷耦合研究[J].内燃机学报,2011,29(1):78-83.
[2]夏倩.柴油机主要零部件的有限元分析与试验研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学轮机工程系,2006.
[3]Szedlmayer M,Kweon C.Effect of altitude conditions on combustion and performance of a multi-cylinder turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine[C]//SAE Paper.Detroit,Michigan,USA,2016,2016-01-0742.
[4]Wang X,Ge Y,Yu L,et al.Comparison of combustion characteristics and brake thermal efficiency of a heavy-duty diesel engine fueled with diesel and biodiesel at high altitude[J].Fuel,2013,107:852-858.
[5]郭猛超,王宪成,胡俊彪,等.环境对大功率柴油机缸内喷雾、燃烧与传热的影响[J].车用发动机,2012(5):49-52.
[6]蔡忠周,张晓琴,王增全,等.高原环境下油品对柴油机燃烧特性的影响研究[J].车用发动机,2015(4):76-79.
[7]翁海鹤,骆周全.高原柴油机热负荷的控制[J].柴油机设计与制造,2002(3):12-17.
[8]Zhang H,Zhuge W,Zhang Y,et al.Study of the control strategy of the plateau self-adapted turbocharging system for diesel engine[C]//SAE Paper.Shanghai,China,2008,2008-01-1636.
[9]Soares S M C,SodréJ R.Effects of atmospheric temperature and pressure on the performance of a vehicle[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part D:Journal of Automobile Engineering,2002,216(6):473-477.
[10]钱作勤,杨新桥,周祥军.YC6108柴油机活塞温度测量的实验研究[J].武汉理工大学学报:交通科学与工程版,2004,28(6):814-816.
[11]Li Y,Kong S C.Coupling conjugate heat transfer with in-cylinder combustion modeling for engine simulation[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2011,54(11):2467-2478.
[12]Xue Q.Development of adaptive mesh refinement scheme and conjugate heat transfer model for engine simulations[D].Iowa:Department of Mechanical Engineering,Iowa State University,2009.
[13]Dai H,Huang R,Li G,et al.Memory test system for piston steady-state temperature measurement[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,110:436-441.
[14]肖永宁,潘克煜,韩国埏.内燃机热负荷和热强度[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1988.
[15]张俊红,何振鹏,张桂昌,等.柴油机活塞热负荷和机械负荷耦合研究[J].内燃机学报,2011,29(1):78-83.