4～6岁听障儿童连续语音清晰度的研究
|
摘要
目的探讨应用可理解词语百分比(percentage of intelligible words,PIW)评估4～6岁学龄前听障儿童连续语音清晰度特征的意义。方法采用经改编的10个句子,对59例4～6岁听障儿童和59例4～6岁健听儿童进行连续语音的发音测试,让不熟悉听障儿童语音的成人聆听其录音,计算PIW;通过听障儿童言语可懂度分级(speech intelligibility rating,SIR)和PIW的相关性研究,验证PIW作为反映连续语音清晰度指标的科学性,并比较两组儿童中不同年龄组PIW的差异。结果听障儿童PIW和SIR呈现高度正相关(言语可懂度3、4、5级分别对应可理解词语百分比52.04%、86.46%、95.45%)(r=0.778,P<0.01);4～6岁听障儿童的PIW(4、5、6岁组分别为86.15%、85.03%、89.67%)显著低于4～6岁的健听儿童(4、5、6岁组分别为96.04%、99.05%、98.76%)(P<0.01);不同年龄儿童PIW差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 PIW能够量化并精确反映听障儿童连续语音清晰度水平;学龄前听障儿童连续语音清晰度低于同龄健听儿童,生理年龄对听障儿童连续语音清晰度影响不大。
Objective To explore the features of connected speech intelligibility for preschool hearing-impaired children with percentage of intelligible words(PIW).Methods A total of 59 hearing-impaired children and 59 normal-hearing children aged 4～6 years were asked to read 10 sentences. Adults unfamiliar with hearing impaired children listened to their recordings and calculate the PIW. The correlation between the speech intelligibility rating(SIR) and PIW was studied through hearing impaired children to validate whether PIW was as a scientific indicator of continuous speech intelligibility. The differences between the two groups of children in different age groups were compared.Results There were highly positive correlations between SIR and PIW,(SIR 3, 4 and 5 correspond to PIW 52.04%, 86.46%, and 95.45% respectively)(r=0.778,P<0.01).The accuracies of the continuous speech intelligibility in children with hearing loss(86.15%,85.03%, and 89.67%)were significantly lower than those in the normal children(96.04%,99.05%,and 98.76%)(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in continuous speech intelligibility among the children of different ages(P>0.05).Conclusion PIW can provide a quantifiable measure of how well the listener understands what preschool hearing-impaired children are saying. Physiological ages have little effect on continuous speech intelligibility in preschool hearing-impaired children.
Objective To explore the features of connected speech intelligibility for preschool hearing-impaired children with percentage of intelligible words(PIW).Methods A total of 59 hearing-impaired children and 59 normal-hearing children aged 4～6 years were asked to read 10 sentences. Adults unfamiliar with hearing impaired children listened to their recordings and calculate the PIW. The correlation between the speech intelligibility rating(SIR) and PIW was studied through hearing impaired children to validate whether PIW was as a scientific indicator of continuous speech intelligibility. The differences between the two groups of children in different age groups were compared.Results There were highly positive correlations between SIR and PIW,(SIR 3, 4 and 5 correspond to PIW 52.04%, 86.46%, and 95.45% respectively)(r=0.778,P<0.01).The accuracies of the continuous speech intelligibility in children with hearing loss(86.15%,85.03%, and 89.67%)were significantly lower than those in the normal children(96.04%,99.05%,and 98.76%)(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in continuous speech intelligibility among the children of different ages(P>0.05).Conclusion PIW can provide a quantifiable measure of how well the listener understands what preschool hearing-impaired children are saying. Physiological ages have little effect on continuous speech intelligibility in preschool hearing-impaired children.
引文
1 Nicolosi L, Harryman E, Kresheck J. Terminology of communication disorders[M].4th ed. Baltimore MD: William & Wilkins,1996.255～257.
2 刘巧云, 黄昭鸣, 张梦超,等. 语音能力评估的原理及方法[J]. 中国听力语言康复科学杂志, 2011(1):63.
3 孙喜斌, 于丽玫, 曲成毅,等. 中国听力残疾构成特点及康复对策[J]. 中国听力语言康复科学杂志, 2008(1):21.
4 龙墨, 梁巍, 周丽君,等. 聋儿语音获得分析[J]. 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 2006, 13:313.
5 张磊, 朱群怡, 黄昭鸣,等. 学龄前聋儿声母发音难度研究[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2012, 20:102.
6 张磊,黄昭鸣.学前听障儿童声调发音的声学研究[J].中国特殊教育,2012,21:21.
7 张磊, 黄昭鸣, 朱文倩,等. 小龄人工耳蜗植入儿童非鼻韵母发音研究[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2014,22:81.
8 Ertmer DJ. Relationships between speech intelligibility and word articulation scores in children with hearing loss[J]. Journal of Speech Language & Hearing Research, 2010, 53:1075.
9 张芳, 刘巧云, 范佳露,等. 3～5岁健听儿童连续语音切换清晰度的研究[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2010, 18:430.
10 范佳露. 3～5岁听障与健听儿童连续语音重复能力的比较研究[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2013, 21:394.
11 高晓慧, 万勤, 惠芬芬,等. 不同语言任务下4～7岁听障儿童的言语流畅性特征[J]. 中国特殊教育, 2015,24:27.
12 Osberger MJ, Maso M, Sam LK. Speech intelligibility of children with cochlear implants, tactile aids, or hearing aids[J]. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1993, 36:186.
13 Miyamoto RT, Svirsky M, Kirk KI, et al. Speech intelligibility of children with multichannel cochlear implants[J]. Volta Review, 1994, 96:169.
14 Fu QJ, Zhu M, Wang X. Development and validation of the Mandarin speech perception test[J]. J Acoust Soc Am, 2011, 129: 267.
15 Ertmer DJ. Assessing speech intelligibility in children with hearing loss: toward revitalizing a valuable clinical tool[J]. Language Speech & Hearing Services in Schools, 2011, 42:52.
16 Rachovitsas D, Psillas G, Chatzigiannakidou V, et al. Speech perception and production in children with inner ear malformations after cochlear implantation[J]. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2012, 76:1370.
17 Alpiner JG, McCarthy PA. Rehabilitative audiology:children and adults[M].3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2000.89～168.
18 Ertmer DJ, Ertmer PA. Constructivist strategies in phonological intervention: facilitating self-regulation for carryover[J]. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch, 1998, 29:67.
19 李蕴, 陈向平, 陶铮,等. 中度以上听力障碍患儿助听器或人工耳蜗植入后语言发育状况分析[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2010, 18:176.
20 Chin SB, Tsai PL, Gao S. Connected speech intelligibility of children with cochlear implants and children with normal hearing[J]. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2003, 12:440.
21 Moeller MP. Early intervention and language development in children who are deaf and hard of hearing[J]. Pediatrics, 2000, 106:E43.
2 刘巧云, 黄昭鸣, 张梦超,等. 语音能力评估的原理及方法[J]. 中国听力语言康复科学杂志, 2011(1):63.
3 孙喜斌, 于丽玫, 曲成毅,等. 中国听力残疾构成特点及康复对策[J]. 中国听力语言康复科学杂志, 2008(1):21.
4 龙墨, 梁巍, 周丽君,等. 聋儿语音获得分析[J]. 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 2006, 13:313.
5 张磊, 朱群怡, 黄昭鸣,等. 学龄前聋儿声母发音难度研究[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2012, 20:102.
6 张磊,黄昭鸣.学前听障儿童声调发音的声学研究[J].中国特殊教育,2012,21:21.
7 张磊, 黄昭鸣, 朱文倩,等. 小龄人工耳蜗植入儿童非鼻韵母发音研究[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2014,22:81.
8 Ertmer DJ. Relationships between speech intelligibility and word articulation scores in children with hearing loss[J]. Journal of Speech Language & Hearing Research, 2010, 53:1075.
9 张芳, 刘巧云, 范佳露,等. 3～5岁健听儿童连续语音切换清晰度的研究[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2010, 18:430.
10 范佳露. 3～5岁听障与健听儿童连续语音重复能力的比较研究[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2013, 21:394.
11 高晓慧, 万勤, 惠芬芬,等. 不同语言任务下4～7岁听障儿童的言语流畅性特征[J]. 中国特殊教育, 2015,24:27.
12 Osberger MJ, Maso M, Sam LK. Speech intelligibility of children with cochlear implants, tactile aids, or hearing aids[J]. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1993, 36:186.
13 Miyamoto RT, Svirsky M, Kirk KI, et al. Speech intelligibility of children with multichannel cochlear implants[J]. Volta Review, 1994, 96:169.
14 Fu QJ, Zhu M, Wang X. Development and validation of the Mandarin speech perception test[J]. J Acoust Soc Am, 2011, 129: 267.
15 Ertmer DJ. Assessing speech intelligibility in children with hearing loss: toward revitalizing a valuable clinical tool[J]. Language Speech & Hearing Services in Schools, 2011, 42:52.
16 Rachovitsas D, Psillas G, Chatzigiannakidou V, et al. Speech perception and production in children with inner ear malformations after cochlear implantation[J]. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2012, 76:1370.
17 Alpiner JG, McCarthy PA. Rehabilitative audiology:children and adults[M].3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2000.89～168.
18 Ertmer DJ, Ertmer PA. Constructivist strategies in phonological intervention: facilitating self-regulation for carryover[J]. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch, 1998, 29:67.
19 李蕴, 陈向平, 陶铮,等. 中度以上听力障碍患儿助听器或人工耳蜗植入后语言发育状况分析[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2010, 18:176.
20 Chin SB, Tsai PL, Gao S. Connected speech intelligibility of children with cochlear implants and children with normal hearing[J]. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2003, 12:440.
21 Moeller MP. Early intervention and language development in children who are deaf and hard of hearing[J]. Pediatrics, 2000, 106:E43.