复合制动系统的电控制动阀设计与仿真研究
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摘要
针对传统气压制动回路时延较长的问题,提出了一种改进的复合制动回路;对复合制动回路中关键元件——电控制动阀进行功能与性能需求分析,设计了一种基于高速开关电磁阀的电控制动阀,建立了其动态特性响应解析模型,用Simulink对其进行了性能仿真测试。结果显示,所提出的电控制动阀结构满足调压范围、压力响应时间、流量特性、压力特性与稳态误差、制动完全释放时间等性能指标。复合制动回路及电控制动阀的提出可减小制动过程中的压力响应时延,对实现差动制动,促进主动安全技术的发展具有重要意义。
Aimed at the problem of long delay of traditional pneumatic braking circuit, an improved composite braking circuit is proposed. Function and performance requirements of an electrically-pneumatic brake valve which is the key component in composite braking circuit are analyzed. An electrically-pneumatic brake valve based on a high-speed switch solenoid valve is designed and its dynamic characteristic response analysis model is established. A performance simulation test is carried out by Simulink. The results show that the proposed electric control valve's structure meets performance indexes, such as pressure regulation range, pressure response time, flow characteristics, pressure characteristics and steady-state error, and complete brake release time. The proposed composite braking circuit and the electrically-pneumatic brake valve can reduce the pressure response delay during braking process, and they are of great significance for realizing differential braking and promoting development of active safety technology.
Aimed at the problem of long delay of traditional pneumatic braking circuit, an improved composite braking circuit is proposed. Function and performance requirements of an electrically-pneumatic brake valve which is the key component in composite braking circuit are analyzed. An electrically-pneumatic brake valve based on a high-speed switch solenoid valve is designed and its dynamic characteristic response analysis model is established. A performance simulation test is carried out by Simulink. The results show that the proposed electric control valve's structure meets performance indexes, such as pressure regulation range, pressure response time, flow characteristics, pressure characteristics and steady-state error, and complete brake release time. The proposed composite braking circuit and the electrically-pneumatic brake valve can reduce the pressure response delay during braking process, and they are of great significance for realizing differential braking and promoting development of active safety technology.
引文
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[14] HAN J C, ZHAO W Q, ZONG C F, et al. Simulation and HIL Test for Proportional Relay Valve of Commercial Vehicle Pneumatic EBS [J]. Applied Mechanics & Materials, 2013,437:418-422.
[15] HAN J, ZHAO W, ZONG C, et al. Research on Charac-teristics of Proportional Relay Valve for Commercial Vehicle Pneumatic EBS [J]. Sae Technical Papers, 2013,12.
[16] YOU M, ZHANG J, SUN D, et al. Characteristics Analysis and Control Study of a Pneumatic Proportional Valve [C]//Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference. IEEE, 2015:242-247.
[17] MA J G, CHEN X H. Study on the Characteristics of a New Type Pneumatic Pressure Regulator [J]. Applied Mechanics & Materials, 2013,347-350:157-161.
[2] 王权,刘伟,张致兴,等.车辆制动系统需液量仿真分析[J].液压与气动,2018,(5). WANG Quan, LIU Wei, ZHANG Zhixing, et al. Vehicle Braking System Fluid Demand Simulation Analysis [J] . Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2018,(5).
[3] 韩建海,张河新.气动比例/伺服控制技术及应用[J].机床与液压,2001,1(1):3-6. HAN Jianhai, ZHANG Hexin. Pneumatic Proportion/Servo Control Technology and Applications [J] . Machine Tool and Hydraulic Pressure, 2001,1(1):3-6.
[4] 肖端林,罗治华,王德甫,等.电动橡胶夹管阀的研制[J].矿冶工程,1982,2(2):56-59. XIAO Duanlin, LUO Zhihua, WANG Defu, et al. Development of Electric Rubber Clamping Valve [J] . Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 1982,2(2):56-59.
[5] 高帅.电控气压再生制动系统控制策略的研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2015. GAO Shuai. Study on the Control Strategy of the Electro-nically Controlled Pneumatic Regenerative Braking System [D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology, 2015.
[6] 钱鹏飞,鲁东,张连仁,等.电控气动式AMT系统分析建模[J].液压与气动,2017,(5):28-34. QIAN Pengfei, LU Dong, ZHANG Lianren, et al. Electro-controlled Pneumatic AMT System Analysis Modeling [ J] . Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2017,(5):28-34.
[7] 朱敏,陈慧岩,熊光明.无人驾驶轮式车辆电控气压制动技术研究[J].兵工学报,2015,36(11):2017-2023. ZHU Min, CHEN Huiyan, XIONG Guangming. Research on Electro-controlled Pressure Brake Technology for Unmanned Wheel Vehicles [J]. Journal of Warfare, 2015,36(11):2017-2023.
[8] 王勇,马靖.一种汽车比例继动阀:CN203543939U[P].2014. WANG Yong, MA Jing. The Utility Model Relates to a Vehicle Proportional Secondary Valve: CN203543939U[P].2014.
[9] 丁能根,窦腾飞.一种复合活塞式比例继动阀及继动阀的控制方法:CN106494380A[P].2017. DING Nenggen, DOU Tengfei. The Utility Model Relates to a Control Method of a Composite Piston Proportional Relay Valve and a Relay Valve: CN10644380A[P].2017.
[10] 姚蘅,王涛,范伟,等.带有高速开关阀的先导式电/气比例阀仿真分析[J].机床与液压,2010,38(13):147-150. YAO Heng, WANG Tao, FAN Wei, et al. Simulation Analysis of Pilot Electric/gas Proportional Valve with High Speed Switch Valve [J]. Machine Tool and Hydraulic, 2010,38(13):147-150.
[11] 施岩.客车制动关键部件仿真模型研究及试验验证[D].杭州:中国计量学院,2014. SHI Yan. Simulation Model Study and Test Verification of Bus Brake Key Components [D]. Hangzhou: China Institute of Metrology, 2014.
[12] SELVARAJ M A , GAIKWAD S B , SURESH A K A . Modeling and Simulation of Dynamic Behavior of Pneumatic Brake System at Vehicle Level [J]. Sae International Journal of Commercial Vehicles, 2014,11(1):01-09.
[13] 袁兼宗,陈慧,刘自凯,等.商用车EBS系统的压力闭环控制方法研究[C]//中国汽车工程学会年会,2008:1339-1344. YUAN Jianzong, CHEN Hui, LIU Zikai, et al. Modelling and Simulation for Electronic Braking System of Commercial Vehicles [C]// SAE-China Congress, 2008:1339-1344.
[14] HAN J C, ZHAO W Q, ZONG C F, et al. Simulation and HIL Test for Proportional Relay Valve of Commercial Vehicle Pneumatic EBS [J]. Applied Mechanics & Materials, 2013,437:418-422.
[15] HAN J, ZHAO W, ZONG C, et al. Research on Charac-teristics of Proportional Relay Valve for Commercial Vehicle Pneumatic EBS [J]. Sae Technical Papers, 2013,12.
[16] YOU M, ZHANG J, SUN D, et al. Characteristics Analysis and Control Study of a Pneumatic Proportional Valve [C]//Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference. IEEE, 2015:242-247.
[17] MA J G, CHEN X H. Study on the Characteristics of a New Type Pneumatic Pressure Regulator [J]. Applied Mechanics & Materials, 2013,347-350:157-161.