底层文学在现实主义精神关照下的苦难叙事
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摘要
在当代意义的现实主义精神重塑与作家的主体性精神回归中,作家通过对底层的关注,充分表达着自己参与现实改革的精神愿望。底层文学在触碰苦难主题的时候,呈现着苦难狂欢化、苦难身体化、苦难浪漫化(诗意化)等特征。但是,随着消费主义的影响、底层群体的自身崛起,苦难叙事表现出消费化、模糊化等更多的暧昧因素,底层文学的现实主义的人文关怀也迎来更多的思考和挑战。
With the reconstruction of realistic spirit in the contemporary sense and the return of writer's subjective spirit, authors fully express their aspiration to contribute to the reform in reality by paying attention to the people at the bottom. When it came to the theme of tough life, the bottom literature tends to present the characteristics of carnival, body and romantic(poetic) narration in the illustration of sufferings. However, on account of the impact of consumerism and the rise of the bottom class, the misery narrative is permeated with ambiguous themes such as consumerism and uncertainty. Therefore, the realistic humane care of the bottom literature is faced with more thinking and challenges.
With the reconstruction of realistic spirit in the contemporary sense and the return of writer's subjective spirit, authors fully express their aspiration to contribute to the reform in reality by paying attention to the people at the bottom. When it came to the theme of tough life, the bottom literature tends to present the characteristics of carnival, body and romantic(poetic) narration in the illustration of sufferings. However, on account of the impact of consumerism and the rise of the bottom class, the misery narrative is permeated with ambiguous themes such as consumerism and uncertainty. Therefore, the realistic humane care of the bottom literature is faced with more thinking and challenges.
引文
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[2] 蔡翔.日常生活的诗情消解[M].上海:学林出版社,1994.
[3] 曹文轩.二十世纪末中国文学现象研究[M].北京:作家出版社,2003.
[4] 贾平凹.高兴[M].北京:人民文学出版社,2008.
[5] 张炜.九月寓言[M].北京:人民文学出版社,2005.
[6] 阎连科.受活[M].北京:北京十月文艺出版社,2009.
[7] 王光瑞.马路上不长庄稼[J].青年文学家,2006(6):5-23.
[8] 贾平凹.秦腔[M].合肥:安徽文艺出版社,2010.
[9] 刘庆邦.刘庆邦小说[M].北京:中国社会出版社,2006.
[10] 陈应松.陈应松作品精选[M].武汉:长江文艺出版社,2010.
[11] 贾平凹.贾平凹长篇小说典藏大系浮躁[M].合肥:安徽文艺出版社,2010.
[12] 迟子建.踏着月光的行板[M].北京:北京十月文艺出版社,2004.
[14] 陈晓明.无根的苦难:超越非历史化的困境[J].文学评论,2001(5):72-79.
[16] 阎连科.日光流年[M].广州:花城出版社,1998.
[17] 雷鸣.新世纪小说中妓女形象谱系与中国现代性问题[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2015(2):121-128.
[18] 《花城》杂志社.花城中篇小说精选:下[M].广州:花城出版社,2001.
[21] 刘庆邦.黑白男女[M].上海:上海文艺出版社,2015.
[23] 王富仁.中国反封建思想革命的一面镜子 《呐喊》《彷徨》综论[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,1986.
[24] 白浩.底层文学精神的暧昧——兼谈一个文本《马路上不长庄稼》[J].文艺争鸣,2008(7):161-165.
[25] 白浩.新世纪底层文学的书写与讨论[J].文艺理论与批评,2008(6):23-31.