金属及表面强化层氩弧重熔工艺研究进展
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摘要
作为一种应用十分广泛的金属材料表面后处理工艺,氩弧重熔技术具有均匀金属材料的表层组织、减缓焊接接头的残余应力、改善金属基体与强化层之间的界面结合状态等优点,在一定程度上可以提高金属及表面强化层的性能。综述了氩弧重熔工艺的原理、特点及工艺参数(重熔电流、移动速度、氩气流量和电弧长度)对重熔效果的影响,着重介绍了氩弧重熔技术在金属表面(铸铁、钢和合金)及其表面强化层(涂层、热浸镀层、渗层和堆焊层)后处理过程中的应用进展。最后探讨了金属及表面强化层氩弧重熔工艺的发展方向:1)强化内在机理研究及界面反应状态研究;2)完善快速凝固理论和界面结构研究;3)提升强化层的结构设计与氩弧重熔工艺条件的契合度;4)加强相关的数值模拟研究。
As a kind of widely used post-treatment process applied to the metal surface,argon arc remelting technology has many advantages,such as improving the microstructure on the surface of metal material,relieving the residual stress of welded joint and modifying the integrated state of interface between the metallic substrate and the strengthening layer,which promotes the combination properties of metal and surface strengthened layers to some degree. The principle,characteristics of argon arc remelting technology and the effects of process parameters,including remelting current,movement speed,flow rate of argon gas and arc length,on the result of remelting were introduced. Meanwhile,the applications of argon arc remelting technology in follow-up treatment methods of metals( including cast iron,steel and alloy),and surface strengthened layers( including coating,hot-dipped coating,layer and welding cladding) were highlighted. Furthermore,it also pointed out the development directions of metal and surface strengthened layers by argon arc remelting in the future. Firstly,the related research of the internal mechanism and interface reaction remains to be strengthened; secondly,the rapid solidification theory and the research related to interface structure remain to be perfected; thirdly,the degree of matching between the structural design of strengthening layer and the process conditions of argon arc remelting remains to be promoted; fourthly,the relevant numerical simulation study also remains to be strengthened.
As a kind of widely used post-treatment process applied to the metal surface,argon arc remelting technology has many advantages,such as improving the microstructure on the surface of metal material,relieving the residual stress of welded joint and modifying the integrated state of interface between the metallic substrate and the strengthening layer,which promotes the combination properties of metal and surface strengthened layers to some degree. The principle,characteristics of argon arc remelting technology and the effects of process parameters,including remelting current,movement speed,flow rate of argon gas and arc length,on the result of remelting were introduced. Meanwhile,the applications of argon arc remelting technology in follow-up treatment methods of metals( including cast iron,steel and alloy),and surface strengthened layers( including coating,hot-dipped coating,layer and welding cladding) were highlighted. Furthermore,it also pointed out the development directions of metal and surface strengthened layers by argon arc remelting in the future. Firstly,the related research of the internal mechanism and interface reaction remains to be strengthened; secondly,the rapid solidification theory and the research related to interface structure remain to be perfected; thirdly,the degree of matching between the structural design of strengthening layer and the process conditions of argon arc remelting remains to be promoted; fourthly,the relevant numerical simulation study also remains to be strengthened.
引文
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